1914. 
THE KUHAb NEW-YOHKER 
279 
THE NEW YORK STATE BREEDERS’ 
ASSOCIATION. 
Pabt I. 
In opening the convention of the as¬ 
sociation President Calvin .T. Huson, 
State Commisioner of Agriculture, pointed 
out the need of plans for promoting the 
live stock industry of this State, and 
gave figures from census reports showing 
the decadence in some branches of live 
stock growing, and unsatisfactory in¬ 
crease in others. In the 20 years previous 
to 1910, dairy cows have increased in 
number in this State by 69,000, with a 
still greater proportionate increase in 
valuation. Swine have barely held their 
own in numbers, while sheep have fallen 
off 50 per cent, in numbers and value 
during the last census period. Horses, 
also, have shown a consistent decrease 
since 1890, losing 36,000 in the first 10- 
vear period, and 37,000 in the next, 
though their valuation has increased by 
$32,(JOO in the last 10 years. Census 
figures show that to each farm in the 
State there are seven dairy cows, three 
pigs, four sheep and 2% horses, includ¬ 
ing colts. The West and Northwest are 
now making heavy drains upon New 
York’s supply of dairy cows, and the de¬ 
mand thus created adds to the profit of 
producing those of the right type. Ac¬ 
cording to Commissioner Huson, New 
York does not produce enough pork in 
one year to feed its people one mouth. 
The rapid decrease in the number of 
sheep kept calls for legislation against 
one of the chief causes of this condition, 
the ravages of dogs, and further legisla¬ 
tion is needed in the matter of State 
regulation of horse breeding. Only one 
in seven of the stallions registered in the 
State are purebred, and while the owners 
of the present generation of stallions 
should be protected, scrubs should be 
gradually eliminated. 
Following President Huson. H. II. 
Wing, Professor of Animal Husbandry 
at the State College of Agriculture, 
Ithaca, N. Y., discussed "The Present 
and Prospective Status o t the Purebred.” 
The breeding of pedigreed animals w 7 as 
shown to be a very modern industry, its 
history extending over only about 75 
years. Purebreds do not now exceed two 
to five per cent, of the total animal 
population of this country, and the pres¬ 
ent generation, at least, need have no 
fear of glutting the market by over pro¬ 
duction of this class of animals. The 
public is just beginning to appreciate 
the value of purebred stock, and the mar¬ 
ket for this has never been better than 
during the hist 10 years. Grades are 
not to be condemned, many having been 
developed to rival in production and effi¬ 
ciency the purebred; some, even, have 
shown ability to transmit their desirable 
characteristics, but the aristocracy of the 
herd book is an exclusive one into which 
a grade may never break, and while a 
grade may equal a purebred in productive 
value, it cau never possess the country¬ 
wide market open to the latter animal. 
The value of purebreds will be measured, 
in the future, by their efficiency in doing 
the work required of them, and this effi¬ 
ciency will be the means of determining 
the progress of the breed. If it is worth 
while to breed any animal, it is only 
worth while to breed within herd book 
registration ; and all should do this. If, 
in the course of time, all animals should 
become purebred, they would still divide 
into classes based upon merit, and thus 
an aristocracy within an aristocracy 
would be formed. 
Mr. Leauder F. Herrick of Worcester, 
Mass., pointed out the advantages accru¬ 
ing to the individual breeder through 
cooperation with others in selling his 
product- No one breeder could present 
the number and variety of purebred ani¬ 
mals for sale that several acting together 
could; nor could he with his compara¬ 
tively small offering attract the buyers 
that a large, well-managed sale would. 
In the absence of Mr. II. A. Moyer, 
who was expected to speak of the de¬ 
velopment of the dairy cow. Prof. V. A. 
Moon 4 of Ithaca, took the Hoor and gave 
an interesting taTk upon contagious 
abortion iu cattle*, which disease he con¬ 
sidered an even greater menace to dairy¬ 
men than tuberculosis because of our 
lack of knowledge concerning its detec¬ 
tion and control. While a serum has been 
devised that will show the presence in 
the blood of the organism causing this 
disease, it does not show whether the 
cow has aborted and become immune, 
or whether she is in condition to abort 
at some future time. Dr. Moore does not 
believe that the germs of contagious 
abortion are eliminated from the cow un¬ 
til shortly previous to abortion, and 
subsequently. They are then eliminated 
in the milk and the uterine discharges 
and may be conveyed to other cows by 
food or litter which has become soiled 
by these. The contagion may remain in 
the milk for an aborting cow for months, 
having been demonstrated in one case 
four years after the occurrence of the 
original trouble. It may also be trans¬ 
mitted from one cow to another by the 
male in the herd. No fully satisfactory 
treatment has yet been devised, though 
the methylene blue treatment now being 
Studied at the Vermont Station holds out 
considerable promise. Disinfection and 
cleanliness of stables and their surround¬ 
ings are still essential to the prevention 
of this disorder. 
Lieut. N. C. Shiverick of Avon, gave 
a practical address upon horse breeding 
iu which he urged the necessity for State 
aid to this industry. laws preventing 
the registration of unsound stallions as 
well as of those not purebred are needed, 
and the offering of prizes at the State 
Fair for the best brood mares would en¬ 
courage the keeping of these in the State. 
New _ r ork should produce at least part of 
the 80.009 horses now brought into the 
State annually, and it should also receive 
its share of attention from the Federal 
government in the matter of the distrib¬ 
ution of stallions for the production of 
army remounts. Lieut. Shiverick was fol¬ 
lowed by Dr. J. F. Devine, of the State 
Department of Agriculture, who gave an 
informal and very instructive talk about 
many of the common ailments of horses 
and "colts which might be treated, or at 
least given intelligent attention by the 
owners of the animals. M. B. D. 
Removing Rooster’s Spcrs. —Take 
your rooster by the feet, head down, clap 
your fine saw flat against leg, drop spur, 
and you soon will find leg smooth and 
rooster not lose a feed. To dishorn sheep, 
cut smooth to head the same as cattle. 
I drop horns any time in the year, and 
never lost a ease, nor any trouble yet. 
L. 0. A. 
The Rooster Qttestion. —Page 25. R. 
P. worries about his roosters fighting. 
Last Spring I put 20 cockerels in my 
breeding pen with 200 hens. The finest 
cockerel in the bunch I took down town 
and put in exhibition for two or three 
days. When I brought him back he was 
a stranger, and they all jumped him. He 
spent the afternoon licking the whole 
bunch, and the rest of the breeding sea¬ 
son he amused himself knocking the 
others. The consequence was my eggs 
only ran 97% fertile at the first test out. 
Tell R. P. to go off somewhere and crack 
hickorynuts. and let the roosters fight if 
they want to. G. H. s. 
When you write advertisers mention The 
Sural Sew-Yorker and you’Tl get a quick 
reply and a "square deal.’’ See guarantee 
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N 
of 
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or ten years, then sold it to a neighbor, John S. Yoder. The wagon 
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