324 
V 1 I l-C RURAL NEW-YOKKKK 
February 28, 
FEEDING PROBLEMS. 
NI)ER this heading we endeavor to give ad¬ 
vice and suggestions about feeding mix¬ 
tures of grains and fodders. No definite rules 
are given, but the advice is based upon experi¬ 
ence and average analysis of foods, By “pro¬ 
tein” is meant the elements in the food which 
go to make muscle or lean meat. "Carbohy¬ 
drates” comprise the starch, sugar, etc., which 
make fat and provide fuel for the body, while 
“fat” is the pure oil found in foods. “Dry 
matter” means the weight of actual food left 
in fodder or grain when all the water is driven 
off. A “narrow ration” means one in which 
the proportion of protein to carbohydrates is 
close—a “wide” ration means one which shows 
a larger proportion of carbohydrates. 
Sunflowers and Corn for Silage. 
Can you tell me what I can plant with 
my corn for silage that will make a 
heavy growth to be cut and bound with 
corn harvester? The seasons are short, 
and corn does not get ripe very often 
here. o. s. 
Clinton Co., N. Y. 
I believe that the inquirer will get 
the most fodder for a silo by adding a 
few sunflower seeds to his corn sown for 
silage. Apparently he does not have good 
conditions for corn culture. Therefore, 
I cannot advise using Soy beans. The 
thiug to be guarded against is the possi¬ 
bility of getting too many sunflowers in 
the mixture. If he used a pint of sun¬ 
flower seeds mixed with the corn planted 
on one acre I think he will have plenty 
of sunflowers in the mixture. These sun¬ 
flowers should be of the kind that has 
many small heads rather than a single 
large one per stalk. Sunflowers will 
make more growth on poor land in a dry 
season that will corn. It is true that 
they will rob the adjoining cornstalks 
of moisture and food. To some extent 
the result will be an increase in the total 
amount of fodder produced, and some 
decrease in its feeding value. It will 
surprise anyone not familiar with ensiling 
sunflowers to see how the cattle eat the 
stalk when it is cut up and softened in 
the silo. I have known cattle to reject 
the sunflower leaves and some of the 
head, but to clean up the pieces of stalk. 
E. It. M. 
Bakery Refuse for Pigs. 
I have three shotes, weigh 1-10 pounds 
each, and am feeding them corn, also 
corn and oat chop, half oats, half corn, 
ground with the cob. I can get the scrap¬ 
ings of the bread troughs and sweepings 
of the floor of a bakery; would it be wise 
to mix it with the above? Sweepings, 
etc., are flour, a little lard aud dough, 
about 20 barrels a week. k. h. j. 
Bethlehem, Pa. 
No doubt the scrapings from the bread 
troughs would be all right and add to the 
value of the ration you are feeding your 
shotes, hut floor sweepings are not de¬ 
sirable at any price, unless they are care¬ 
fully saved for feeding purposes, and all 
rubbish and unclean material kept sepa¬ 
rate. The common practice in such 
places is to dump everything from sour 
bread to match boxes and tin cans into 
the garbage can, and expect the pigs to 
fatten up quickly. c. 8. G. 
Green Bone and Mash. 
Is green cut bone good for hens as 
well as beef scrap? I also wish to grind 
up whole corn, wheat and oats for dry 
mash, adding to it oil meal and beef 
scrap. How much by weight should I 
grind of the corn, wheat and oats. Would 
I need bran and middlings? The hens 
are White Leghorns. I low much green 
bone would you feed daily to 100 hens? 
New Jersey. E. f. 
feed heavier than this we do not think 
it. would pay unless you were going to 
get rid of your hens very shortly. 
C. 8. G. 
A Dairy Ration. 
Will you balance me a ration for my 
dairy from the following feeds? I have 
corn silage and mixed hay, being Timothy, 
June grass, clover and swamp grass 
mixed. I can buy the following feeds: 
Mixed wheat feed. $2(5; gluten, $32; cot¬ 
ton-seed meal. $34; cornmeal, $29. Give 
as cheap a ration as you can. My cows 
weigh from GOO or 700 to 1,000 pounds. 
I have one registered Ayrshire, two 
grades and rest are grade Jerseys. I am 
now feeding four pounds mixed feed, four 
pounds gluten per day per cow. My 
fresh cows are giving 24 to 29 pounds 
per day; one small two-year-old gives 
20 pounds. f. T. 
Cliarlotteville. N. Y. 
You are feeding a fairly well-balanced 
ration at the present time and if you are 
getting the desired results there is no 
reason why you should change. It would 
he advisable to watch the condition of 
your cows closely and if they show any 
signs of falling off in flesh you can add 
a little cornmeal to the ration, c. 8. G. 
Whey and Tankage. 
Is there any nourishment in cheese 
whey for young pigs or any stock? I 
am using it now for my chickens, to make 
mash. An article in Tiie It. N.-Y. re¬ 
garding young pigs says we can use tank¬ 
age in the place of oilmeal. I would 
like to know what tankage is. c. P. R. 
Whey has some feeding value for pigs 
or calves. It contains a little protein, 
some fat, unless this has been removed 
by a separator, and most of the carbo¬ 
hydrates of the milk. Experiments in 
pig feeding show that 7S5 pounds of whey 
saved 100 pounds of grain. 1 have heard 
of a farmer who, on being asked how he 
raised such good hogs, said he fed noth¬ 
ing but whey, but admitted, on eloss 
questioning, that he ‘-rued it up a little 
with Injun meal.” I should prefer flour 
middlings to “Injun” or cornmeal. When 
fed to calves in too large quantities or 
very sour it is apt to cause scouring. 
Fed judiciously, and with some other 
feed, calves do fairly well on it. 
Tankage is made from packing-house 
scraps cooked under pressure, the fat 
being removed. This is entirely different 
from fertilizer tankage, to which chemi¬ 
cals are added, and which cannot bo used 
for stock. The tankage is dried and 
ground. c. L. m. 
Feeding Rye. 
1. I have a registered Holstein bull, com¬ 
ing year old in Spring. Not very large. 
What is the best feed I can feed to make 
him grow and get ready for service in 
the Spring? 2. What proportion of rye 
is it safe to feed mixed with oats to a 
mare with foal? Is rye hurtful to feed 
cows that are coming fresh in Spring? 
A. G. 
1. Feed him plenty of clover or Al¬ 
falfa hay and add roots or silage. As 
concentrate feed oats, bran and flaxseed 
meal. Make him take plenty of outdoor 
exercise every day. 2. I)o not feed any 
rye to horses. Keep it for the hogs, iii 
the form of meal, as a part ration. Rye 
and wheat are not suitable feeds for 
horses, tend to cause indigestion and skin 
irritation and incidentally, therefore, may 
cause abortion. Mix wheat bran with 
the oats. Do not give rye to the cows. 
a. s. A. 
Cow Holding Up Milk. 
I have a Jersey cow which freshened 
on January 29. Since her seventh milk¬ 
ing we cannot and she will not allow us 
to take all the milk from her, the udder 
apparently containing more milk. Her 
flow is decreasing. The calf was taken 
from the cow after fourth day—calf be¬ 
ing fed artificially. s. 
Green out bone is a very good feed for Put the calf near the cow at milking 
the purpose of forcing egg production; time and gently massage the udder for a 
hut should never be fed to breeders time before milking. If she then lets 
previous to or during the breeding sea- down her milk gradually Increase the dis- 
son, as it impairs the strength of the tance between calf and cow at each milk- 
egg and its chances of producing a lively ing time and the cow may in time stop 
chicken. A good dry mash can be made holding up her milk. Feed her some rel- 
by grinding up your corn, oats and wheat ished feed at milking time. If trouble 
using equal parts by weight and adding continues rub udder with warm melted 
an equal part of bran and middlings lard at night and feed warm sloppy 
mixed. About three pounds per day of mashes of bran, oatmeal, flaxseed meal 
green cut bone would be sufficient for and molasses to stimulate a flow of milk. 
100 hens. While it would be possible to a s a 
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chamber illus¬ 
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