346 
THE RURAL NEW -YORKER 
March T, 
THE NEW BERRY CULTURE. 
Part I. 
Since my article on “A Year’s Bush 
Fruit Record” appeared in The R. N.- 
Y. of October 25, I have received some 
letters which indicate that some have 
slightly misunderstood one part of it. I 
made the statement that, after spending 
about three weeks on 214 acres, remov¬ 
ing old canes, thinning and tying the 
others, the work of caring for the berries 
was not much more than for other well- 
cultivated crops. I had in mind the 
truck crops rather than field crops, and 
by well-cultivated I mean where the dust 
mulch is maintained and the crops kept 
clean throughout the season. I do not 
wish to be understood that maximum 
yields may be grown by our system, with¬ 
out a goodly amount of hand work, for, 
important as I consider this system 
Training The First Year. 
of more importance than any system, and 
we cannot produce the best yields of this 
or any other crop until we have studied 
the crop as well as the best methods of 
growing it. 
My attention was first drawn to this 
system by seeing a wonderful crop of red 
raspberries in another State, that pro¬ 
duced more than 200 bushels per acre. 
This was on very rich deep soil, and in 
a climate well suited to the crop. After 
studying the crop and the system for 
two years, my conclusion was that more 
than anything else those immense crops 
were the result of the plants being able 
to get all the moisture needed throughout 
the entire season. I thought then, and 
do still, after several years’ experience 
in western Pennsylvania that in many of 
the Eastern States where we have the ad¬ 
vantage of good local market, these large 
yields could be nearly or quite equaled, 
provided we could .handle the moisture 
problem so that the plants would have 
all the water needed all season without 
an excess at any time. 
The red raspberries, blackcaps, and 
blackberries, are handled by the same 
system, with slight modifications. They 
may be grown on a wide variety of soils. 
Good drainage, and ability to hold moist¬ 
ure during the hot Summer months are 
the important requirements. We found 
after some losses, that good tile drainage 
was not sufficient for the red raspberries 
. a? >-r.3r 
Panes Bent Over In Later Training. 
on our heavy clay; that after repeated 
freezing and thawing, the soil became 
so compact that the water would not 
sink into the ditches quickly, and that 
the red raspberries cannot stand a water¬ 
logged soil even while in the dormant 
state. While our drains worked perfect¬ 
ly in Summer we could not hold the ber¬ 
ries over Winter without damaged roots, 
until we ridged the rows slightly and 
left an open furrow midway between the 
rows, for surface drainage until we be¬ 
gan cultivating again in the Spring. We 
should avoid frosty locations, and select 
one sheltered from the worst winds when 
practical. The plants should be the best 
to be had from reliable sources. 
We have an acre of blackberries now 
six years old which is a mixture of seven 
or eight varieties. I would be willing 
to give one hundred dollars to have them 
all replaced just as they are, with the 
variety I bought. We have found that 
with both red raspberries and blackber¬ 
ries, the green shoots that come up early 
in the Spring will make as good plants, 
as any where they can be taken up nearby 
and set immediately. It is necessary to 
get a piece of the old root, and. of course 
these tender green shoots will not stand 
rough handling, or shipping. When last 
year’s plants are used they will often 
send out one or more fruit spurs from 
the old stub. These should be carefully 
removed, as a handful of berries allowed 
to mature interferes seriously with the 
development of the young plant. 
All cane berries are set eight by three 
feet. However rich the soil, we would 
not set them any closer. In fact our 
last acre of blackberries were set four 
feet apart in the row, but it is too soon 
to report results. 
When convenient the rows should be 
run north and south, as the sun can then 
shine on both sides. Care should be 
taken to have the rows as straight as 
possible, for we expect to cultivate them 
for several years, and it does not take a 
very great crook to make narrow places 
that prevent the use of the spring-tooth 
harrow, as well as making the use of 
other tools more difficult. Some low- 
growing crop is grown between the rows 
the first year, and on rich soil cabbage 
or beans may be planted between hills 
in the berry row. The following Spring 
a row of seven-foot posts is set in each 
berry row, about 20 feet apart. Then 
two wires are fastened to these posts, 
one three and the other five feet from the 
ground. We use No. 12 fence wire, and 
drive all staples tight. The sprawling 
growth of the first year is then tied up 
to the wire. We use carpet warp for 
this work, as it is much stronger than 
the cotton twine. This is quite a job 
for the beginner but it can be done early 
in the Spring, before the rush of other 
work comes on. Then the cultivator may 
be run close to the row, reducing the 
hand work to a minimum. If cultivation 
is kept up as it should be the second 1 
year’s growth will be very vigorous, and 
if these new canes hang out across the 
row they are tied back to the wire, loose¬ 
ly, never drawing a string tight around 
a growing cane. b. v. Egbert. 
Reseeding Cattle Lot. 
What can I do with a five-acre grass 
field which has been used as an exercise 
yard for 50 cows since September? The 
turf is badly cut and tramped. Will 
clover sowed early and harrowed in unite 
with the remaining grass to make a crop 
this season? h. r. w. 
New London, Conn. 
In our experience we have never been 
able to get a good catch of clover under 
such circumstances. That ground must 
be beaten down hard and cut up. We 
doubt if you can hope to get a proper 
seeding without plowing or disking and 
fitting the soil well. We should prefer to 
plow and plant corn on such a field, 
seeding rye or wheat and clover at the 
last cultivation. 
Start Your Garden Early 
In response to a special demand 1 have 
manufactured a sash frame 8 ft. 4 in. long 
and just wide enough for a 3 foot space. 
In place of many small lights there is one 
large light of extra-heavy glass which allows 
the maximum of life-giving sunlight to reach 
seeds and plants. Not heavy and cumbersome. 
It is so simple a child can ventilate it. If de¬ 
sired the sash can be hinged. Price com¬ 
plete, ready to put together, freight prepaid 
anywhere in the United States $10.50 (a 
remarkably low price, made possible only 
by the large volume of my business). 
If you would enjoy home-grown produce in June, 
start your garden in February. Send your order and 
check today. _ Shipments made promptly. 
Planting instructions sent with each frame. 
Write for Catalogue of LUTTON'S GREEN¬ 
HOUSES and standard size sash frames. 
WILLIAM H. LUTTON 
223-5 Kearney Ave. Jersey City, N. J. 
Big, tender 
ASPARAGUS 
in 4 to 5 weeks 
A SMALL bed of Asparagus, 
cultivated and forced by the 
French Method .will supply you 
with plenty of this delicious vege¬ 
table to sell at big prices. The 
book, “French Method,** de¬ 
scribes the Intensive cultivation 
and forcing of asparagus and 
other vegetables. The monthly 
magazine, 4 ‘The Vegetable 
Grower,*' devoted to growing, 
harvesting and marketing vege¬ 
tables, fruits and flowers, should 
i»e read by everyone interested 
in a small garden or many acres. 
Oar 8pecial Offer — Here's a 
generousoffer. The book,'‘French Method" and 
a 3-year subscription to “The Vegetable Grower'* 
for only Jl* Book alone worth more. 1-ycar sub¬ 
scription, 50c—without book. Send dollar now to 
TheVegetableGrower,804BoyceBldg.Chic»go,IlL 
MARKET GARDENER’S PAPER 
Estab. 1907. Twice a month. 
Read for profit by progressive vege¬ 
table growers. $ 1.00 a year. The Pins 
Sign is the symbol of our guarantee 
that you will get your money's worth 
and mors, or your money back. Sample 
free if you grow vegetaoles to -ell. 
Address Market Growers Journal 
727 Inter-Sou. Bldg., Louisville, Ky. 
Farm 
Garden 
SEEDS 
Pure 
Reliable 
Clover Grass Seeds Potatoes 
If not satisfactory may bo returned at our ex¬ 
pense. Samples free on request. 
Write today for Catalogue. 
EIKENBERRV BROS., CAMDEN, OHIO 
WEEDLESS FIELD SEEDS 
We are trying with all our might to furnish ab¬ 
solutely pure. Red, Alsike, Mammoth, Alfalfa, 
Timothy, Swoet Clover, and all other field seeds, 
with all blasted and immature grains removed. 
Writ© today for fro© .Amnios nnd instructions 
“Ilow to Know Good Seed.” 
O.M. SCOTT & 80S, SO Main St., Marysville, Ohio 
J 
NORWAY MAPLE 
Best block in Pennsylvania: 10,000 trees to select 
from; sizes 8 to 10 and 10 to 12 feet. 
Let me quote you delivered prices. 
JAS. A. PATTERSON, 
(Old Patterson Nurseries) Stowartstown, Pa. 
MAINE SEED POTATOES 
Best Main crop and early varieties. Send 
for description and prices. 
I. L. WARE 
Gardiner, Maine 
Stumpp & Walter Co.’s 
SELECTED STRAINS 
ONION SEED 
Our Onion Seed is grown from selected 
bulbs of the very finest strains and can be 
depended upon for vitality and trueness of 
type- ONION SEED 
S. & W. Co.'s Oz. V 4 Lb. Lb. 
White Globe .. 20c 60t $2.00 
Ycllow Globe. 15c 40c 1.30 
Red Globe. 15c 40c 1.30 
Prizetaker. 10c 30c 1.10 
White Portugal . 15c 45c 1.50 
Ohio Yellow Glebe . 15c 40c 1.20 
Red Wethersfield . 10c 25c .90 
Our new 1914 Seed Catalogue, 128 pages 
devoted to everything for the Farm, Gar¬ 
den, Lawn, mailed upon request 
Write for it today — it’s free. 
30-32 Barclay Street - - New York 
STONE’S SOYBEANS AND CORN 
KNOWN THE WORLD OVER 
Write today for our new book on “ Soybeans and Corn, 
Lime and Legumes.'’ No other book resembles it. It’s 
freo. We sell the best of all kinds of Northern Ohio accli¬ 
mated farm seeds. WM. McD. STOKE, Soybean ami Corn 
Specialist, Atwator, Portage Co., Ohio. Mention tile K. N.-Y. 
WEEDLESS SWEET CLOVER 
The white biennial. Also Alfalfa, Kod, Timothy ole 
Sample and booklet lei!in/; --IIoit to Know flood Seed - '. 
FREE. 0. M. Scott & Son. 180 Main St. - Morysvillo.O 
ORITFR NHW hardy pomeroy English walnut 
1'IVJYY TREES. Obtainable only through 
the growers. Drop postal now for free illustrated 
booklet of facts desired. DANIEL N. POMEROY, Box 18, 
English Walnut harms, I.oeltport, N. Y. 
We are amoiio the A| Cll/C PI flWCD in this country 
largest growers of HL0II\L uluilii and offer good 
clean seed. Bushel. «11: half bushel. $5.75: peck, $.3. 
C. J. BALDRIDGE, HOMESTEAD FARM, KENDAIA, NEW YORK 
FOR SALE— REGKNERATED SWEDISH SEED 
1 OATS—fiee from foul stuff. Eiglity-five cents 
bushel. Bags free. C R MELLEN Geneva, New York 
MEDIUM RED exceptionally choice—pure plump, clean, 
n f\\tco errn ' ll u * st cermination--$9.f*0 per bushel. 
ULUVLK ofctl) DADMUN BROS, Whitewater, Wisconsin 
Y EAR-old Giant Argentueil ASI’AltAtifs PLANTS, 
direct from grower. 50 thousand. Also rye straw 
cold frame Mats. II. It HI NT. Taylorsville. I’a. 
Sweet Potato Seed & Plants 
Wahrheiin Farm Strain Jersey Yellow. 
Selected for shape, size, color and pro¬ 
ductiveness. Guaranteed free from 
blnck and stem rot. Send for circular 
and testimonials. 
GEO. II. UEPE, Cologne, N. .1. 
Berry 
Baskets 
s A R R OW /mzgz ' 
^ BRAND' 5 * 
Berry Baskets all sizes 
Peach Baskets all sizes 
Best quality goods Factory Prices 
Berry, Peach and 
Grape Crates, etc. 
ORDER EARLY AND SAVE MONEY 
Write for Illustrated Catalogue 
COLES 6 COMPANY 
109 and 111 Warren St. 
Established 1884 New York 
STRAWBERRY PLANTS KJSSftg; 
Asparagus Plants. A11 leading varieties, catalog 
fkee. Harry L. Squires, Keinsenburg, N. Y. 
GOOSEBERRY RK!*5* 
$6 j>er 100, f. o. l>. 
Frank Wieland, Egg Harbor, N. J. 
CT. REGIS RASPBERRY. Ward Blackberry, best Win- 
w ter's Strawberries, including Fall-bearing. Other 
varieties of small Fruit Plants and Vines, at right 
prices. Send for price list. Chas. Black, Higlitstown, N J. 
T ested Seed CormSssfsa 
variety. Have reports from 1912-13 crop, showing 
99 to 110 bus. per acre. Have bred this corn for 
the past thirty years. Write for circular. EDWAR0 
WALTER. Dept. R. Eureka Slock Farm, West Chester, Penna. 
REGON POTATO SEED— From Volcanic ash soil; 
w homo ranch. Hood River Valley. Grow new, per¬ 
fect seed,admirable Eastern results. Transportation 
cost necessitates cutting to eyes. 5 lbs., parcel post, 
dollar. 20, prepaid express, three dollars; car loads, 
' • ’ ‘ • le. J.r ■ - ■ ■ - - 
freight, annual sal 
. S. 1. PEIRONNET. Parktlale,Oregon 
Early PLANT POTS 
Insure quick, strong growth from seed, of all plants, 
in hot-beds, window boxes and open ground. Cut¬ 
worm and bug proof. Send 25ct. (coin or stamps) 
for guaranteed samples. Refunded if not satisfied. 
Benjamin & Son, Nunica,Ottawa Co., Mich. 
FUMA 
BPMII m KILLS Prairie 
Dogs, Woodchucks, 
Gophers, and Grain 
Insects. Stop their 
depredations by using 
Fuma Carbon Bisulphide" of Solution 
Lime and Sulphur for spraying purposes. 
TAYLOR CHEMICAL CO., Penn Yan, N. Y. 
$ 10 , 000 . 00 - 
Backs Tlais Drill 
If this Jlert-zler & Zook Grain Prill docs not satisfy 
you in every way, ship it back, and if we fad to return 
your money in full, paying freight both ways, we for¬ 
feit $ 10,000 which our bankers hold to protect you— 
you can’t lose. It's all one sided in your favor. 
W© make thl* bis guarantee because we know this ta the 
heat (trill on (he market today—sows all kind* of grain. 
or fertilizer accurately and without waste. High, broad- 
tire wheela lighten draft. Kxtra large grain box. We also 
make alow down and plalu seed drill. Sold direct from 
factory; saves you $10 to $20 dealers’ pioffts. 
Write for catalog and special offer. 
30 Days’ 
Free Trial 
HERTZLER 8 
ZOOK CO. 
GORDON’S SAFETY LANTERN 
HOOK. (PATENTED) 
The boy is yet to be found that with 
a broomstick can detacli a lantern from 
this hook. Quickly removed by human 
hand only. Inexpensive, strong, no 
fake. Can save buildings from falling 
lanterns exploding. To any address 
by Parcel Post C. 0. D. Free circulars 
with prices. (Special to Grange) 
SETH GORDON. CHAZY, N. Y. 
METAL LABELS FOR 
ORCHARD USE 
Made of special metal with name of variety, 
year of planting and Nursery indestructibly 
stamped on. The only way to positively tell 
if your trees are TRUE TO NAME. Cheap 
enough so you can label and KNOW EVERY 
TREE. Write now to 
THE lKDKSTHl CTllil.K TREE LABELCO.-Not In©. 
1262-4 Monadnoek Block Chicago 
THE GASOLINE ENGINE ON THE 
FARM. Its operation, repair and uses. 
By Xeno W. Putnam. 
This is the kind 
of a book every 
farmer will appre¬ 
ciate and every 
farm home ought 
to have. Includes 
selecting the most 
suitable engine for 
f a r m work, its 
most convenient 
a n d ellieient in¬ 
stallation, w i t h 
chapters on trou¬ 
bles, their reme¬ 
dies. and how to 
avoid them. The 
care and manage¬ 
ment of the farm 
tractor in plowing, 
harrowing, har¬ 
vesting and road 
grading are fully 
covered; also plain 
directions are 
given for handling the tractor ou the road. 
530 pages. Nearly 180 engravings. 
This book will be sent to any address prepaid for 
TWO NEW YEARLY SUBSCRIPTIONS 
or Twenty Ten-week Trial Subscriptions 
or Four Yearly Renewal Subscriptions 
or One New Yearly Subscription and Two 
Renewal Subscriptions. 
The Rural New Yorker, 333 West 30 th St., N. Y. 
