1914. 
THE) RURAL 
NEW-YORKER 
-&71 
CONTENTS 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER, March 21, 1914. 
FARM TOPICS. 
Soy Beans, Cow Peas and Rye.434 
Drainage of One Farm Through Another... .435 
The Soil Along Fence Rows.435 
Lime and Phosphoric Acid.436 
Sowing Asparagus in Permanent Bed.436 
Boy Farmers. 438 
Weather and Crops. 441 
Oat Hay.444 
A Boy’s Farm Problem. 446 
Seeding to Alfalfa—Central N. Y. 
Keeping Accounts . 448 
Intensive Hayfield .......449 
Hope Farm Notes. .450 
Sweet Clover and Sweet Soil.464 
Country Fairs Without Racing......464 
LIVE STOCK AND DAIRY. 
“Some Cow” in Black and White.456 
Are Silos Going Out.456 
Raising Veal Calves. ....456 
Heifer With Wooden Leg.457 
Practical Dairying Advice.457 
Making a Sanitary Stable.458 
Garget .458 
Ringbone .458 
Ringworm . 458 
Handle the Cows Udder.459 
Why Doesn’t the Butter Come.459 
Chicken Pox . 461 
Conditions in Egg Contest.461 
Crowded Hens . 461 
Two More Prize Turkeys.461 
Pullets With Twisted Necks.461 
Beets for Hens. 461 
Legumes in the Silo..462 
Contagious Abortion . 462 
Cross-bred Hogs as Breeders.363 
The Egg-laying Contest.465 
Mapes the Hen Man Gives Figures, Part I..466 
Patent on Hovers ..466 
Day-old Chicks .466 
Deformed Pullets . 466 
Colds or Roup .466 
Poor Laying .466 
Feeding Sour Milk .466 
Leghorns in the Gulf States....467 
Late Molting .467 
Bone Meal for Poultry .470 
HORTICULTURE. 
Controlling the Elements Successfully.434 
Great New York Apple Results.435 
Shall We Plant Fancy Varieties?.436 
Tree Growth .436 
The New Berry Culture, Part III.437 
The Pruning of the Apple Trees, Part II..438 
Are Peaches Frozen? .440 
Wood Ashes for Fruit.440 
Fruit Farm Notes.442 
Apples on Long Island, Part III.443 
Some Common Garden Pests.444 
An Apple Cellar.445 
Cucumbers on New Land.448 
Watering Fine Seeds.448 
Greenhouse Construction for Small Place, 
Part II.449 
Transplanting Holly .. .451 
Hardy Plilax; Japanese Iris; Propagating 
Shrubs .451 
Packing 100 Per Cent. Apples.453 
A Pennsylvania Storage House.464 
Cost of an Apple Orchard to Bearing Age..468 
WOMAN AND THE HOME. 
From Day to Day.454 
An Easter Dinner Party.454 
Swiss Chard .454 
Preventing Butter Sticking.454 
The Rural Patterns .455 
"Small Stuff” .455 
Protecting the Table . 455 
Paint Questions .455 
Cornmeal Boiled Pudding .455 
MISCELLANEOUS. 
Use of Fire Extinguishers .... 
Overrated Professions ... 
Registration of Land Titles... 
Success With an Oil Tractor... 
Events of the Week. 
Questions About Radium . 
Pumping from Well . 
Freezing Water Supply .. 
Construction of Wet Battery . 
Waterproofing a Cellar . 
Leaky Tank . 
Editorials . 
A Food and Market Commission 
New York State News. 
Stocking a Fish Pond . 
Publisher’s Desk . 
.434 
.435 
433, 434 
.437 
.441 
.447 
.447 
.447 
.447 
.447 
.447 
.452 
.453 
.453 
.468 
.470 
CHICKEN TALK AT “ FARMERS’ WEEK.” 
‘‘IIow would you keep the chicks free 
front lice?” 
By cleaning and disinfecting the house, 
brooder and fixtures thoroughly once a 
week, exercising great care to get it into 
all cracks and crevices. Allow no ma¬ 
ture fowls to run with the chicks; brood 
only chicks of the same age in one 
brooder. In natural brooding by dust¬ 
ing the mother thoroughly once a week 
with a good lice powder and occasionally 
applying lard to her head and body in 
limited quantities. Disinfecting the nest 
once a week, and renewing the nesting 
material oftener. A few tobacco leaves 
in the nest would materially aid in keep¬ 
ing all kinds of vermin from intruding in 
the same. 
“How would you kill lice on chicks?” 
By applying either melted lard, or 
melted lard and sulphur, mixed to a 
thin paste, to each chick twice a week, 
being careful not to apply too much, be¬ 
cause it might injure the chicks. This 
is certain to kill the lice, whatever kind 
they are. Apply the grease to chick’s 
head and body. In artificial rearing of 
chicks, I would also grease the hover 
curtains a little and. in natural brood¬ 
ing, do the same to the mother or broody. 
Another good way is to give each chick 
a thorough dusting with a good lice pow¬ 
der. 
“How would you use air-slaked lime in 
the rearing of chicks?” 
I would sprinkle the floor of the 
brooder, brooder-house, chick exit, and 
the ground immediately next to the 
building, once a week with air-slaked 
lime. It acts as a drier and disease 
germ destroyer, as well as deodorant. 
“Chicks can get a certain mineral 
matter from fresh ground; how woidd 
you provide this to confined brooder 
chicks?” 
By. with the aid of a spade, cutting 
out a piece of fresh sod ground, on which 
chicks have never been grown before, and 
placing it in the brooder. A piece about 
six inches square every other day would 
be sufficient for a flock of 30 chicks. 
“How would you make the chicks ex¬ 
ercise?” 
By having a deep litter of cut straw on 
the floor of the exercising room, feed all 
grains in this litter. After the first two 
weeks, or sooner, allow them to run out¬ 
side part, if not all of each day. In the 
Winter time, oblige them to go outside 
for a few hours about noon time. 
“What kind of material do you like 
best for litter?” 
My first choice would be cut clover, 
next cut straw, barn litter or chaff, sweet 
and free from mold and decayed parti¬ 
cles. We like cut wheat straw better 
than cut oats or barley straw. We do 
not like sand for litter, especially the 
first few days, because we have found 
that they eat too much of it; in fact, 
some literally fill up on it. In such 
cases, of course, indigestion develops and 
the chick dies. Excelsior or shavings are 
not good material for litter in a brooder. 
Cut wheat straw about 1 y$ inch lengths 
is as good material for litter as we have 
yet found. 
“Would you raise your chicks on the 
same ground each year?” 
Most certainly, I would not, I would, 
under no condition do anything of the 
kind, unless I could in the Fall, move 
the house and fence and plow the en¬ 
tire yard. The best way would be to 
have at least three fields on which to 
raise your chicks, so that you could 
practice a three-year rotation in the rear¬ 
ing of your chicks. Where it is absolute¬ 
ly necessary to raise the chicks on the 
same ground year after year, it is good 
practice to spade or plow the ground each 
year and use lime freely, and try to 
grow something on the soil. 
“Do you consider shade necessary in 
the rearing of chicks during late Spring 
and Summer?” 
Yes, shade is very important during 
hot weather for the successful rearing of 
chicks. It is a fact that during a hot 
period chicks, even when very small, 
suffer as much as or more than in very 
cold weather. One way to keep the 
brooder cool would be to place it under 
a tree or in the shade of some other 
object. Open all windows on rear, and 
darken the south windows as much as 
possible. Probably placing the brooder 
house under a tree is the best way of 
providing the necessary shade and still 
allow a circulation of air. 
“Would you give drinking water to 
chicks?-” 
Yes, would leave it before them all the 
time from the start. Would aim to have 
it fresh and cool in preference to warm 
and standing. Would renew it often, the 
oftener the better; do not believe in with¬ 
holding it entirely or m part as advised 
by some. The idea that bowel trouble 
and diarrhoea are caused to a great ex¬ 
tent by allowing the chicks access to 
water from the start, is not well founded. 
“What would you do to guard against 
tuberculosis in chicks?” 
I would give the interior of the brood¬ 
ers all the sun and air possible on pleas¬ 
ant days. On warm days, would remove 
hovers, turn the lower side up, so the 
sun could do its disinfecting. I believe 
in airing a brooder each day just as 
much as I do in airing my bedroom daily. 
r. w. KAZMEIER. 
Moderation in the Poultry Business. 
I have never raised White Leghorns, 
and I presume that when a person is 
ignorant on a certain subject he should 
not venture to express an opinion. The 
wisest thing for him to do is keep silence. 
But having successfully raised Barred 
Plymouth Rocks for over six years, I 
can indorse the sentiments expressed in 
,T. F. C.’s article on page 132, entitled 
“Chicken Figures Once More.” It may 
or may not cost more to keep some heavy 
breed than it does to keep Leghorns, but 
under good conditions Barred Rocks are 
just as profitable as Le .'horns, and some¬ 
times even more profitable. A neighbor 
of mine, an intelligent and well-informed 
man, keeps White Leghorns. He tried 
Barred Rocks, but asserted that he did 
not understand the nature of the fowls 
and was not able to raise them success¬ 
fully. But while a number of my Barred 
Rocks commence laying at the age of 
four and a half months and most of them 
lay abundantly all Fall and Winter, his 
Leghorns seldom begin to lay before they 
are six months old. and he gets very few 
eggs in the Winter. 
J. F. C. is right when he says: “Let 
us get away from such extravagant 
theories and we shah be on the right j 
road to business stability.” Let us keep 
our feet on terra firnia. and not try to 
accomplish miracles. It is said that 
figures never lie. but they are often mis¬ 
leading and likely to do more harm than 
good. For instance, it is well enough to 
read Mr. Cosgrove’s reports of the Storrs 
egg-laying contest and to admire Tom 
Barron and his wonderful White Leg¬ 
horns and White Wyandottes. But let 
us not for a moment think that in order 
to become successful poultry raisers all 
we have to do is to import Mr. Barron’s 
stock. Mr. Barron has received a great 
deal of advertising for the past two 
years, and he deserves it. But not many 
of us are Barrens, and we may not be 
more successful with Mr. Barron’s fowls 
than we are with our own. 
The same is true of many other per¬ 
sons and poultry plants. Take Mr. 
Mapes, who not long ago described his 
plant in The R. N.-Y. and showed how 
easy it is to get rich by keeping two 
or three thousand chickens. We may 
admire Mr. Mapes and congratulate him 
upon his success, but at the same time 
we cannot accept his advice to farmers 
to follow his example, as most farmers 
would surely fail. 
The desire to excel in everything one 
undertakes to do is natural and prais- 
worthy, but it does not always lead to 
good results. Only a few years ago a 
hen with a 200-egg record was considered 
a wonder. To-day we have records of 
2S0 and even 300 eggs a year; but very 
few of us can keep such hens. The aver¬ 
age poultryman may not be more suc¬ 
cessful with record-breaking hens than 
the average farmer would be with record- 
breaking cows. If occasionally we are 
the proud possessors of such fowls, we 
may find that the expense and trouble 
are in the end worth more than the 
chickens. clemens p. berylson. 
Sullivan Co., N. Y. 
Hens With Sore Eyes. 
Last September I put 250 pullets in 
an open-front laying house, and shortly 
after I noticed one with a sore eye. The 
eye became inflamed, mattery, then a 
large lump formed over the eye. I took 
this bird out and in about three weeks 
was better. Then one after another be¬ 
came afflicted in the same W’ay until 
nearly every bird in the house has suf¬ 
fered. I have taken the birds away as 
afflicted, but all are well and apparently 
healthy now. What was the eye trouble, 
and has that affected the laying propensi¬ 
ties of the birds, as tney do not lay? 
Will they lay at all or shall I dispose 
of them? They are White Leghorns, well 
developed, red combs, and singing and 
happy, but don’t lay. Is it wise to breed 
from four-year-old *Uhite Plymouth 
Rocks which have been good layers? 
Allendale, N. J. f. m. \v. h. 
Your hens were suffering from a ca¬ 
tarrhal inflammation of the mucous mem¬ 
brane lining the socket of the eyeball, 
and extending to the nasal passages. 
When this inflammation is complicated 
by one due to a certain specific germ, 
the disease is known as roup, and be¬ 
comes much more severe. The prompt 
recovery made by the fowls indicates that 
only simple catarrhal conjunctivitis was 
present, but this was sufficient to check 
laying for a time. The effect should not 
be permanent, and there is no occasion 
for disposing of the fowls on this ac¬ 
count. Yes; I should breed from four- 
year-old hens if, when mated with a 
cockerel, their eggs showeef good fertility. 
Old hens lay large eggs, and large eggs 
produce large chicks, which we want. 
M. B. D. 
The FARMERS’ BUREAU ^XYo 1 ; 
agricultural help. Only first class farm help and positions solic¬ 
ited. Reference investigated. Scientific advice on farm prob¬ 
lems. Dept. K, 150 Nassau St., N. Y. Phone, 5565Beekrnan 
DO YOU NEED FARM HELP 
We have many able-bodied young men both with 
and without farming experience, who wish to work 
on farms. If you need a good, steady, sober man, 
write for an order blank. Ours is a philanthropic 
organization and we make no charge to employer 
or employee. Our object is the encouragement of 
farming among Jews. THE JEWISH AGRICULTURAL 
SOCIETY, 176 Second Avenue, New York City. 
Subscribers’ Exchange 
FARM FOR SALE—For particulars address 
Mrs. N. M. KISTLEU, Emporia, Virginia. 
OWING TO other business interests mnst sell 
800 acre farm, fertile loam laud, mild cli¬ 
mate. Chance for dairy, hay, grain and stock. 
Good buildings. No stones. Price $20,000, in¬ 
cluding stock and equipment. Part on mort¬ 
gage. DONAH LANDING FARM. Dover, Del. 
SPECIAL FARM FOR SALE—91-acre farm. 114 
miles from Quakertown, near trolley line; 
bank barn for 30 head, and other outbuildings; 
plenty of fruit, good water: six acres of woods; 
all fields machine worked for quick sale. $6,500. 
IRWIN NEIL. Quakertown, R. D. No. 2, Bucks 
County. 1’a. 
FOR SALE—20-acre fruit and poultry farm, 7 
miles from Paterson. N. J. New 8-room stone 
house; good water supply; large brooder house; 
other outbuildings. 5 acres woodland; over 200 
fruit trees; quarter mile from Wyckoff Sta. V. 
N. C., care R. N.-Y., 333 West 30th St.. New 
York. 
ONE of the finest old homestead farms in the 
State, beautifully located close to good town 
with high school, churches, stores and the best 
of society, and near trolley and railroad. 112 
acres first class laud with thirty acres Alfalfa, 
abundance of fruit and spring water. Magni¬ 
ficent brick mansion with stone pillars; good 
barns with new cement stables. A rare bar¬ 
gain at $100 per acre. J. H. FORT, Oneida, 
N. Y. 
FARM 150 ACRES—Nearly all tillable, excel¬ 
lent soil, all level; grain and grass seeded, 
some timber, nice meadow, fine large house 
and 6 room tenement house, plenty barns and 
out-buildiugs. Monmouth County, 12 miles from 
Trenton. X. J. Macadamized road, 10 minutes 
walk railroad station. Price $10,000, buildings 
alone almost worth it. Very good terms to 
responsible party, possession now or year hence. 
E. B. NAYLOR. 805 Summit Are., Jersey City, 
N. J. 
FOR SALE—Best farm in Hartford County, 
Conn. 225 acres. Dairy, fruit and poultry 
farm. SO acres of Alfalfa. Over 300 apple 
trees. 4 good houses. Ample barn room for 
cows, sheep and pigs. Equipment for 5.000 
head of poultry. I.aud in fertile condition. 
Buildings in good repair. Best markets iu the 
world—250,000 people within a radius of ten 
miles. Good schools. Good roads. Yale Uni¬ 
versity at New Haven, 30 miles away; Wes¬ 
leyan University at Middletown, 6 miles away; 
Trinitv College at Hartford. 10 miles away. 
CHARLES M. JARVIS, Berliu, Conn. 
Subscribers’ Exchange 
Complying with several suggestions received 
recently, we open a department here to enable 
RURAL NEW-YORKER readers to supply each 
other’s wants. If you want to buy or sell oi 
exchange, make it known here. This Rate will 
he 5 Cents a word, payable in advance. The 
name and address must he counted as part ot 
the advertisement. Copy must reach us not 
later than Friday to appear in the following 
week. No display type used, and only Farm 
Products, Help and Positions Wanted admitted. 
For subscribers only. Dealers, jobbers and gen¬ 
eral manufacturers’ announcements not admit¬ 
ted here. Poultry, Eggs and other live stock 
advertisements will go under proper headings on 
other pages. Seed and Nursery advertisements 
will not be accepted for this column. 
WANTED AT ONCE-—Two men to work in dairy 
barn. Address WOODCREST FARM, Rifton, 
N. Y. 
WANTED—Single man to work on fruit and 
dairy farm; must be good milker: no cigar¬ 
ettes or booze. BOX 279, Wilson, N. Y. 
COMPETENT married man desires position 
managing small estate or farm. NORRIS. 
Box 43. Pocantico Hills, X. Y. 
BOY 17 wants work on chicken farm, vicinity 
of New York. E. F. HANKS, Ridgewood, 
X. J. 
WANTED—Reliable married man, work truck, 
poultry farm on shares; fertile soil, good 
home market. W. M. STEVENS, Perkasie, Pa. 
WANTED—-A good creamery man with some 
capital; married; to go in partnership in an 
established business. Address C. J. ANDREWS, 
Clearwater, Wash. 
PRACTICAL, carpenter, mason, painter, paper- 
hanger (43) temperate, wants position where 
extensive repairs are needed. Address, B. Box 
700, Hartford, Conn. 
YOUNG MAN. 18, Christian, wants a job on a 
farm. Finished short course in State col¬ 
lege of agriculture. W. S-, 10 Zabriskie St., 
Jersey City, N. J. 
WANTED—Position to care for poultry by 
woman of experience. Poultry graduate. Ad¬ 
dress POULTRY WOMAN, care R. N.-Y., 333 
West 30th St., New York. 
POSITION WANTED—As manager or farmer 
on gentleman’s estate or farm. American 
37. married, one child. Thoroughly experienced, 
rrefor place on Long Inland or New Jersey. 
Modest wages with privileges, will board help. 
Address, JOHN J. WRIGHT, Bayside. L. I., 
N. Y. 
WILL superintend or work your farm or coun¬ 
try place. General farming, animal hus¬ 
bandry. Expert fruit,' poultry, bees. Where 
intelligence, industry, integrity are demanded 
and paid for. Salary or shares. Best refer¬ 
ences. Married. children, colored-Ameriean. 
MAPLES, Mosgrove, Pa. 
POSITION WANTED BY AMERICAN, age 42. 
as working farm manager or superintendent on 
or before April 1st; 20 years’ practical experi¬ 
ence: stock raising, modern dairying, raising 
crops and Alfalfa, soiling, farm machinery, 
gasoline engines, poultry, etc.; best references; 
please give particulars and wages. Address 
P. O. BOX 1C, Dummerston Station, Vermont. 
WANTED—April 1. position on farm by sober, 
industrious, single man of 30, capable of 
taking charge of farm and dairy or would ac¬ 
cept any position of trust where stock is con¬ 
cerned. 6 years on last farm. State full par¬ 
ticulars and wages in first letter; best refer¬ 
ences given and required. J. H. SHARP, B 5, 
Little York. N. Y. 
WANTED AT ONCE—Experienced herdsman 
for Holstein dairy. Have steam boiler tur¬ 
bine separator and gasoline engine. Must be 
good milker, feeder. Understand butter mak¬ 
ing. Only men who have made good need ap¬ 
ply with references. Wages $35 and board. 
L. E. PALMER, Supt., Richfield Springs, R. R. 
2, N. Y. 
WANTED—Cyphers incubator. A. O. CHAP¬ 
IN, Sharon Springs, N. Y. 
PURCHASE ALFALFA HAY direct of the pro¬ 
ducer and save money. F. P. ERKENBECK, 
Fayetteville, X. Y. 
FOR SALE—14 Prairie State Universal hovers 
with regulators, 1913 model, $4.25 each. Just 
half price. H. BACON, Berwyn, Maryland. 
TRY Shamrock brand pure home-made candies 
and pop-corn confections. (MRS.) M. O. P. 
KEOWN, Deposit, X. Y. 
PURE HOME-MADE CONFECTIONERY by 
parcel post. Send for price list. H. I. 
WHITE, Ballston Spa, N. Y., R. 3. 
PIANO PI.AYER with fifty rolls music, cost 
$200. Will sell for $60. good as new. LOCK 
BOX 313. Marlborough, N. Y. 
FOR SALE—25 tons Alfalfa hay. 30 tons one- 
third Alfalfa two-thirds Timothy. $18 per 
ton. F. O. B. BRIDGE BROS.! Cauastota, 
N. Y. 
SPRAYING OUTFIT FOR SALE — 200-gallon 
tank: spiral agitator: Gould's triplex pump; 
Fairbanks engine. 3 horse-power: mounted on 
steel trucks with brakes; nearly new $150. F. 
IiOSSMAN, Talatie. N. Y. 
FOR SALE OR EXCHANGE—One-horse power, 
also two-horse Ironage walking cultivator for 
clover hay: chickens, etc. DEWITT C. GIL¬ 
BERT, North St.. Danbury, Conn. 
FARM—-168 acres, best corn land. $100 per acre. 
Address owner, D. E. CHILD, Findlay, Ohio. 
FOR SALE—A suburban fruit and poultry farm. 
Address I. OWEN, P. O., Paterson, X. J. 
FARM, 25 acres, $600. Old style house, barn: 
10 miles from R. R. F. G. SEARS, West 
Cnmniiugton. Mass. 
FOR SALE—Fine farm, 100 acres river fiat. 65 
pasture, good buildings, well watered, State 
road. D. M. SATTERLEE, Franklin. N. Y. 
FRUIT FARM and boarding house in the Cat- 
skills. 49 acres, price $2,000. THOMAS 
WILLSON. Urlton. N. Y. 
FOR SALE—Dairy farm with milk route. 
Modern sixteen-room house, good barns: 500 
acres of land. Write Box 586, Saranac Lake, 
X. Y. 
FARM WANTED in New Jersey. 20 to 30 acres, 
within 60 miles of New York. Must be 
cheap. What have you to offer? F. S. W., 
care R. N.-Y., 333 West 30th St., New Y'ork. 
TO RENT—Village farm. 100 acres, new build 
ings; silo: all improvements; all tools; four 
miles of city over hundred thousand; stone 
road; must furnish stock. J. B. NICHOLS, R. 
F. D. 4, Bridgeport, Conn. 
