1914. 
THE R U re .A. lv NEW-YOKKER 
611, 
CONTENTS 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER, March 28, 1914. 
FARM TOPICS. 
A Study of Soil Water.474 
“Co-optation” ..475 
Smut on Corn.476 
Unemployed Workers for Farm Help.478 
Ground Limestone .480 
Ashes with Fertilizer.480 
Lime and Fertilizer.480 
Canning Peas Before Tomatoes.481 
Seeding Alfalfa With Oats.481 
Handling Sunflower Seed.,...483 
Black Streaks in Potatoes. 484 
Fertilizer for Early Potatoes.484 
Hope Farm Notes......486 
Improving Poor Land in Maryland.504 
LIVE STOCK AND DAIRY. 
Economy in Raising Chickens......473, 474 
The Brown Swiss Cow... 500 
Buying Purebred Stock. 500 
Boarder Cows . 501 
Continue the Dairy Business.501 
Milk for Cow Feed. 502 
Dairy Ration .502 
Another Dairy Ration.502 
Ration for Fattening Pigs.502 
Ration Without Succulents.502 
Ration for Brood Sow.502 
Balancing a Ration... 502 
Molasses for Hogs. 502 
Local Butchers and Beef...502 
A Breeding Chart...,...503 
Lame Turkey . 503 
A Rice Incubator. ,....503 
Breeding from Pullets.505 
Sour Crop .505 
Laying Ration .505 
Line and Inbreeding.505 
Head Twisting Hens.505 
Feather Pulling .505 
Intensive Poultry Keeping.506 
The Hen with the Habit.506 
Henhouse for Brooder.506 
Discolored Combs .506 
Limberneck .506 
The Egg-laying Contest.507 
Mapes, the Hen Man, Gives Figures. Part II..508 
Bitter Milk . 503 
Storing Butter .508 
HORTICULTURE. 
Proper Growth for Tree.474 
Growing the Osage Melon for Profit.475 
Arbor-Vitas Hedge .476 
Grafting Pear on Thorn; Wild Grapes.476 
Educating Peach Buyers.476 
Ox-power for Spraying.477 
Valves in the Spray Rod.477 
Window Flowers for Easter.480 
Greening Trees and Pollonizers.480 
The Pinning of Apple Trees.481 
Greenhouse Construction for Small Place.483 
Garden Planting .484 
Apples on Long Island. Part IV.485 
Keep Up Spraying.487 
Coloring Lime-Sulphur Mixture...487 
WOMAN AND THE HOME. 
A Co-operative Farm Laundry.489 
Keeping Children on the Farm.489 
The Common Question.490 
The Cooking Stove a Pulpit.4S0 
The Family on a Bob-sled.491 
Eggs for Tickets.491 
The Land of Fulfillment. Chapters III-IV. . .492 
Wife’s Right in Husband’s Property Against 
His Will .493 
Notice of Reading of Will.4S3 
Husband’s Right Under Wife’s Will.493 
Gift of Real Estate.493 
Wife’s Dower Rights. 493 
Minor Girl's Rights.493 
Hambden Girls’ Tomato Club.493 
Rearranging the Farmhouse. Part 1.494 
The Baby Box.495 
Southern Creole Cooking.495 
Tuberous Begonias for the Home..496 
Three-storied Pea Vines...496 
Made-over Handbags .497 
Hospital Stories .497 
Deafness and Cheerfulness.498 
A Neighborhood Library Branch.498 
Where Brains Are Needed.498 
Trade for a Boy.499 
Two Girls and $400.499 
Developing a Direct Trade.499 
A Clergyman ar.d Tramp Hens.499 
A One-armed Farmer’s Plan.499 
MISCELLANEOUS. 
Saving the City Sewage.474 
“Family” Use of Drugs................476 
New York State News.478 
Editorials . 488 
The Concrete Mixer.504 
Use of Fishpots in Maryland.504 
Publisher’s Desk ..510 
WEATHER AND CROPS. 
From all accounts the peach crop in 
Western New York is ruined. The Fall 
was such that the trees did not harden 
off well, and the mercury has been several 
times down to 1(5 below or more in the 
peach belt All growers report the same 
thing: that it is impossible to get more 
than a small per cent of the buds to 
bloom when taken into the house. Of 
course it may not be as bad as they think, 
but I am satisfied that if the statement 
is true that 16 degrees below ruins the 
crop, then it is a goner sure. c. I. 
Rochester, N. Y. 
The main money crops of this section 
are potatoes and beans. Potato buyers 
are offering .‘15 cents for white stock. 
Beans are all bought up on a hand-picked 
basis of $1.00 per bushel. Cattle buyers 
and local butchers pay 4% to five cents 
for beef cattle, live weight. Dressed hogs 
nine to 10 cents per pound. Very few 
cattle or hogs to be had. Butter 28; eggs 
25 in trade. R. T. S. 
Empire, Mich. 
We have had more snow this Winter 
than I ever knew before, and some of it 
fell in such masses as to break down or¬ 
chards and forests. The ground has been 
covered with snow most of the time, 
making conditions ideal for Winter wheat. 
The roads have been very good, with ex¬ 
cellent sleighing nearly the whole Win¬ 
ter. Much hauling of supplies for the 
farms has been done, such as ice, lime, 
fertilizer, logs, lumber and wood. Mar¬ 
keting of last year’s crops is practically 
finished. However, dairying and fruit¬ 
growing have almost taken the place of 
general farming here, and these two oc¬ 
cupations require market trips through¬ 
out the year. Our soil is glaciated clay, 
or Volusia silt loam, and when the soil is 
depleted of its lime and phosphorus, gen¬ 
eral farming will not pay. Corn in 1913 
was immature on account of early frosts, 
and molded in the crib. Farmers are im¬ 
porting Ohio corn at 36 cents per 35- 
pound bushel, freight paid. Hundreds of 
carloads will be brought here before corn 
comes again. Last Fall the potato crop 
was good ; it is selling now at 85 cents 
a bushel wholesale. Apples were a light 
crop, on account of the May frost and 
the Summer drought. Those on the hills 
who had frost drainage (air drainage) 
have good crops to sell now. As apples 
are around $6 a barrel, wholesale, they 
are a profitable crop this year. It must 
be remembered, however, that this year is 
an exception, and a very rare one. The 
present writer never before, in a some¬ 
what lengthy life, saw apples so high, 
and never expects to see such prices 
again. Consequently, he would advise in¬ 
tending growers never to expect to get 
$6 a barrel for their apples. A senseless 
law requiring commodities to be sold by 
the pound instead of by the bushel was 
recently passed. It adds to the trouble 
of doing business and to the cost of liv¬ 
ing. Farm sales are in progress and 
prices rule high. Orchardists are spray¬ 
ing the dormant trees for scale and fun¬ 
gous pests. Considerable plowing for corn 
has already been done. March came in 
with a blizzard, and according to tradi¬ 
tion we expect his lion-like entrance to 
give promise of a lamb-like exit and an 
early Spring. j. c. n. j. 
Lawrence Co., Pa. 
Wheat 04; oats 40 ; potatoes 70; butter 
30; eggs 28; chickens 14 live; ducks 12; 
turkeys IS. Cows are selling from $40 
to $100, and extras more. M. H. 
Dalton, O. 
We are having real Winter weather, 
with lots of snow ; stock wintering well; 
wheat looking fair. Fat cattle 7% to 8, 
and scarce; good dairy cows $50 to $75; 
horses $150 to $250; hogs 7 to 8 cents; 
butter 28 to 30: West Jefferson creamery 
40 to 45; eggs 22. Hay. mixed. $14 to 
$15. Extra Timothy $17 to $19 ; straw 
$8 to $9; corn 65; oats 50: wheat 93; 
potatoes $1.10; apples 4 cents per pound ; 
cabbage 3 cents a pound ; poultry, hens, 
13 to 14; roosters 15; springers 15. 
Fultonham, Ohio. n. w. n. 
Good milch cows sell at from $60 
to $100; fancy stock more. Butter fat 
30 cents; country butter 25; milk eight 
cents per quart; cream 30 cents per 
quart; fat cattle from six to seven cents 
per pound; hogs on foot seven cents; 
dressed 10 ; corn 65 ; wheat 95 ; oats 40 ; 
hay $10 to $14 per ton. Apples, best 
quality, $6 per barrel; Ben Davis $4.50 
per barrel. Cabbage $4 per barrel; pota¬ 
toes $1 per bushel. Chickens on foot 12 
cents per pound; eggs 25. Hired men re¬ 
ceive about $30 per month and board, or 
if married they get a large garden and 
house, furnished, instead of board. Most 
of the desirable men are hired the year 
around. r. w. l. 
Corning, Ohio. 
Horses $150 to $250. rather dull at 
present; cattle, fat. seven to eight cents; 
stockors 6% to 7% ; hogs. fat. S to 8*4 ; 
sheep, very few changing hands; chickens 
13 i/ 2 cents, live; corn 59 (shelled); 
wheat 90 to 92 ; oats 37; barley 55; po¬ 
tatoes 75; rye 54; Timothy seed $1.50; 
clover seed $7; Alsike $9.25; Timothy 
hay $10 to $12 ; mixed hay $7.50 to $9.50; 
clover $6 to $8. " tter 26; eggs 23; 
lard 12. Everything slightly lower than 
one year ago. More farms for rent than 
usual at this season of year. j. b. 
Columbus Grove, O. 
Farmers are not well enough organized 
to command any better prices than are 
offered by local merch nts or transient 
buyers. Good apples bring about 75 
cents per bushel. Some fancy ones $1. 
Butchers get oar pork dressed for less 
than the price of live hogs in Chicago. 
The farmers seem to think they can ac¬ 
complish little by organizing, unless the 
consumers of our products would organ¬ 
ize. Q. M. 
Elk Rapids, Mich. 
Glencoe is a mining town. Generally 
we get better prices than they do in sim¬ 
ilar locations. Hay Lom $15 to $18; 
straw $7 to $8; butter 32 cents; eggs 30; 
hogs $S.50 on foot; $10.50 dressed; cattle 
from $7 to $7.50. on foot; cows will run 
from $40 to $60; yearling calves from 
$20 to $25; corn 80; oats 50; wheat 95; 
potatoes 90; apples $1.25. All fruits 
scarce on account of frosts last year. 
Glencoe, <>. j. h. g. 
March 10. We have had pretty steady 
Winter since the first of February, and 
some cold days, so much so that I cannot 
find a live fruit bud on our Kieffer pears, 
these seeming quite far advanced. The 
Japan plums are also Winter-killed, and 
I wish the trees were too. as I still spared 
some of them, but never got enough fruit 
to be worth while. The natives are more 
satisfactory all the while, and the Euro¬ 
peans are satisfactory, though not so 
sure a crop as the natives. For some 
reason our peaches seem unharmed, 
though I expect the buds are Winter- 
killed in lower places, where the ther¬ 
mometer registered 14 to 17 below. There 
were some apples last season on the hills, 
or where there was good air drainage and 
in such places there is not such a good 
setting of fruit buds on lower ground, but 
where the crop was killed by the May 
frost last season the trees are fairly set 
with fruit buds, and with the cold weath¬ 
er holding on so long it seems like a good 
prospect for a crop of apples for the com¬ 
ing season. c. w. 
Wayne Co., O. 
Horses $125 to $250; cattle, prime, 
8% ; butcher stuff, 5 to 7; cows, dairy, 
$40 to $75; butterfat 27; country but¬ 
ter 25: eggs 28; chickens 14; hogs 8%. 
Hay. Timothy, on track, $11.75; clover, 
choice. $10.75; wheat 92; corn 70; oats 
45; rye 70; potatoes 80. This is not 
much of a fruit country around here, and 
fruit was a failure last season. Apples 
retail at the stores at 70 to 80 cents a 
peck, one or two for five cents. There is 
no truck raised for the market here, only 
near the cities. N. B. 
Atherton, O. 
Butter 20 to 25 cents to the producers, 
25 to 30 cents at retail. Those who have 
private customers obtain five to 10 cents 
more on the pound for butter and five 
cents more for eggs. Milk retails all the 
way from six to nine cents. Milch cows 
from $45 to $100 per head, although some 
good ones brought as high as $150 at 
sales this Winter. The range of prices 
for cattle and hogs at the stock yards at 
Oklahoma City, eight miles south of us, 
are for cattle $5.25 to $8.50, according 
to grade; hogs from $7.75 to $8.75 per 
head. During the growing season we 
have a truckers’ market at the city, where 
the producer and consumer get together 
to their mutual benefit. The following 
are the retail prices: Potatoes 95 cents 
to $1.25; cabbage 3*4 cents per pound ; 
turnips, carrots, etc., about the same 
price; lettuce 15 cents a pound ; onions 
5 and 10 cents per pound ; apples $1.75 
to $2.75 per bushel: wheat SO; corn 68 
to 70; oats 42 to 45; Kaffir corn $1.25 
per 100; Alfalfa hay $13 to $15; prairie 
hay $12 to $14 ; cane hay $8; straw $5. 
Hens 13 to 14 cents per pound ; turkeys 
15; ducks 10; geese 8. Our normal rain¬ 
fall from January 1 to date (March 14) 
should be over three inches, but so far 
we have had less than one inch. The 
weather is pleasant, but it still freezes 
nearly every night. Some oats have been 
in the ground about six weeks, c. a. d. 
Britton, Okla. 
Peach Prospects in Texas. 
After considerable Summer weather in 
January, one day with the thermometer 
at SO in shade, on February 7 real Win¬ 
ter came along, with thermometer close 
to 10 (above). Some of the peaches had 
started to bloom, all buds, plums, peaches 
and Kieffer pears, were considerably 
swollen, ready to open into full bloom 
within a few days. The result of course 
spelled disaster, especially since the hard 
freeze was followed by bright sunshine, 
thawing during the day and again freez¬ 
ing the following night. We have had 
since several more freezes, though not 
quite so bad. The result is today, March 
4. Kieffer pears, seem to be all destroyed; 
Elberta peach likewise. Of my new ones, 
Eva and Millford fared the same as El¬ 
berta, hardly a live bud left. Of the 
others. Tena and Frank suffered least; 
they have enough blooms left for several 
crops, while all the rest, with favorable 
conditions from now on, can yet bring 
fair crops. I understand the J. H. Hale 
peach covers the time of Elberta and it 
will produce good crops when Elberta 
fails. The Tena comes in as Elberta goes 
out. and it is every way superior to El¬ 
berta, escaping when Elbertas are all 
killed. Ought not this eliminate that 
variety from our list of profitable sorts? 
This is a hard blow for the growers of 
our State, because during the last 15 
years fully nine-tenths of the peach or¬ 
chards set out, have been at least three- 
quarters Elbertas. Thus, when there is 
a good crop generally, there are more El¬ 
bertas than can be made use of in any 
way, there not even being one-tenth 
enough hogs to eat the surplus. On the 
other hand, failing so often, there is dis¬ 
aster any way it comes. The fact really 
is, the peach business in Texas of late 
years has been greatly demoralized, from 
as I see it a combination of causes. 
Texas. j. w. stubenraucii. 
The FARMERS’ BUREAU ^ 7 y 
fcsricultural help. Only first class farm help and positions solic¬ 
ited. References investigated. Scientific advice on farm prob¬ 
lems. Dept. R, 150 Nassau St., N. Y. Phone, 5565 Bee k man 
DO YOU NEED FARM HELP 
We have many able-bodied yonng men both with 
ami without farming experience, who wish t.o work 
on farms. If you need a good, steady, sober man, 
write for an order blank. Ours is a philanthropic 
organization and we make no charge to employer 
or employoe. Our object is th>' encouragement of 
farming among Jews. THE JEWISH AGRICULTURAL 
SOCIETY, 178 Second Avenue, New York City 
Subscribers’ Exchange 
FOR SALK—One Jesehke Horse-power Ditcher. 
J. D. RIEBEL, Galloway, O. 
WANTED—Potato planter and digger. FRANK 
HARDING. Milford, Mass. 
FOR SALE—14 Prairie State Universal hovers 
with regulators. 1913 model, $4.25 each. Just 
half price. H. BACON. Berwyn. Maryland. 
FOR SALE—Prairie State Hovers, in good con¬ 
dition; used two seasons. W. H. COLLING- 
WOOD. Hamnionton, N. J. 
FOR SALE—Two International Hovers; used one 
and two seasons, good condition: $10 for both. 
No. 7 Mann Bone Cutter, used two months; $10; 
will prepay freight. JOHN A. LOSEE, Richfield 
Springs. N. Y. 
Subscribers’ Exchange 
Complying with several suggestions received 
recently, we open a department here to enable 
RURAL NEW-YORKER readers to supply each 
other’s wants. If you want to buy or sell or 
exchange, make it known here. This Rate will 
be 5 Cents a word, payable in advance. The 
name and address must be counted as part of 
the advertisement. Copy must reach us not 
later than Friday to appear in the following 
week. No display type used, and only Farm 
Products, Help and Positions Wanted admitted. 
For subscribers only. Dealers, jobbers and gen¬ 
eral manufacturers’ announcements not admit¬ 
ted here. Poultry, Eggs and other live stock 
advertisements will go under proper headings on 
other pages. Seed and Nursery advertisements 
will not be accepted for this column. 
WANTED—A good creamery man with some 
capital; married; to go in partnership in an 
established business. Address C. J. ANDREWS, 
Clearwater, Wash. 
FARM HANDS WANTED in institution work; 
salary $32 a month and maintenance to begin 
with. Address SUPERINTENDENT, Letch- 
worth Village, Thiells, N. Y. 
GARDENER—Situation wanted by thoroughly 
experienced American; twenty years’ experi¬ 
ence in cultivation of flowers, fruits, vegetables, 
under glass and open; married, no family. 
CHAS. PARNELL. Floral Park, N. Y. 
WANTED FARMER—Work on equal shares 52- 
acre northern New Jersey farm. 30 miles from 
New York; S800-$l 000 needed against owner's 
same amount. F. P., care R. N.-Y., 333 West 
30th St.. New York. 
FARM MANAGER WANTS POSITION—Ameri¬ 
can: married; understands care of horses, cat¬ 
tle. poultry and farm produce; no tobacco or 
liquors: reference: state wages. ALEX. PET¬ 
TIT. Cold Spring, New York. 
EXPERIENCED POULTRYMAN. single, wants 
position, private place: Cornell poultry course: 
understands all branches; references in answer¬ 
ing: state wages. B. S. M., care R. N.-Y., 
333 West 30th St., New York. 
WANTED—At once by a steady somewhat ex¬ 
perienced active man employment on a fruit 
or vegetable farm: a quick, faithful worker and 
excellent peddler: good references: willing to 
start on small wages. C. C. DOORLY, Ossining, 
New York. 
WANTED—Position as manager of large farm 
or orchard: would like to become partner or 
owner if satisfactory; best of references; am 
natural horticulturist, with training and prac¬ 
tice and executive ability. A. E. JOHNSON, 
Iola, Wis. 
WANTED—A position as manager of a gentle¬ 
man’s estate, or would work a farm fully 
equipned on -shares, or buy on a rental basis: 
can furnish ttie best of references as to farm¬ 
ing and dairving. W. S., care R. N.-Y., 333 
W. 30th St., New York. 
FARMER would like to rent a one-man farm 
with prospect of buying; must he in New 
Jersey or New York State: a good producer; 
rich soil: plenty of fruits, timber and good size 
poultry house. H. G. B., care R. N.-Y., 333 
West 30th St., New York. 
WANTED AFTER APRIL 15. position on fruit 
farm by single, industrious American young 
man who has bad several years of practical ex¬ 
perience in fruit growing; understands the use 
of dynamite for reclaiming land; good milker: 
can furnish good references. Let me know what 
you have to offer. BOX 49, Hampden. Mass. 
BUY OF THE FARMER—Coarse Timothv Hay. 
CHANDLER BROS., New Gloucester. Me. 
PURCHASE ALFALFA HAY direct of the pro¬ 
ducer and save money. F. P. ERKENBECK, 
Fayetteville, N. Y. 
THE ONONDAGA COUNTY FARM BUREAU 
is prepared to quote prices on Alfalfa. Timothy 
and Clover hay. 112 COURT HOUSE, Syracuse, 
N. Y. 
SWEET POTATOES. SHELL OYSTERS—Would 
exchange a few barrels for white potatoes, or 
sell at right price; write particulars. WM. 
LORD, East New Market, Md. 
FARM—108 acres, best corn land, $100 per acre. 
Address owner, D. E. CHILD, Findlay, Ohio. 
25-ACRE POULTRY FARM to let or on shares; 
ext erienee and reference required. R. F. 
EDWARDS, Port Jefferson, N. Y. 
FOR SALE—To settle estate, 102 acres: $2,800; 
good soil; fine location. For particulars ad¬ 
dress J. E. SACKETT, Burdett, N. Y. 
TO RENT—New Jersey farm. 52 acres; 30 miles 
from New York: 400 fruit trees. OWNER, 
I. K., care R. N.-Y., 333 West 30th St.. N. Y. 
FARM—S2 acres; good buildings, location; sold 
with or without timber; $500 down; balance 
easy terms. DREXEL TRUITT, Mardela Springs, 
Maryland. 
FOR SALE—Good ten-acre farm in Connecticut. 
equipped for poultry, plenty of fruit and good 
buildings $1,000; $700 down. Answer H. C. 
care R. N.-Y.. 333 West 30th St.. New York. 
FOR SALE—-Successful poultry plant, location 
convenient to market: modern equipped build¬ 
ings, housing 900 hens; must he seen to be 
appreciated; price reasonable, terms. Address 
BARGAIN, care It. N.-Y., 333 West 30th St., 
New York City. 
SPECIAL FARM FOR SALE—91-acre farm, 1^ 
miles from Quakertown. near trolley linel 
bank barn for 30 head, and other outbuildings', 
plenty of fruit, good water; six acres of woods: 
all fields machine worked for quick sale. Si',.500. 
IRWIN NEIL, Quakertown, R. D. No. 2, Bucks 
County, Pa. 
TO RENT—Farm 135 acres; woodland, pasture. 
meadows, near Springfield, Mass., and tene¬ 
ment of five rooms in homestead used as sum¬ 
mer home by owner; large barns; tools and 
stock to be owned by tenant: grown or no chil¬ 
dren preferred; state references. L. B. GIL- 
LET, Middletown, Conn. 
FOR SALE—230-acre farm; stock, tools; 10-room 
house, basement barn, 30 tieups; running 
water; sugar orchard; plenty wood, lumber and 
fruit: silo; sugar corn; ice and hen houses; 
school 5 minutes’ walk: have wintered 25 cows, 
fire horses; possession at once. ARTHUR ROB¬ 
INSON, Bridgewater Corners, Vermont. 
ONE of the finest old homestead farms in the 
State, beautifully located close to good town 
with high school, churches, stores and the best 
of society, and near trolley and railroad. 112 
acres first class land with thirty acres Alfalfa, 
abundance of fruit and spring water. Magni¬ 
ficent brick mansion witli stone pillars; good 
barns with new cement stables. A rare bar 
gain at $100 per acre. J. H. FORT, Oneida 
N. Y. 
