610 
T'H LC RURA.L, NEW-YOKKKK 
April 4, 
FARMERS’ CLUB 
[ Every query must be accompanied by the 
name and address of the -writer to insure 
attention. Before asking a question, please see 
whether it is not answered in our advertising 
columns. Ask only a few questions at one time. 
Put questions on a separato piece of paper.] 
Labels for a Large Orchard. 
[There has been considerable inquiry 
about the best method of marking the 
trees in a large orchard. What is the 
best label? Where orchards are planted 
in large blocks it is not necessary to 
mark each tree. A good map of the or¬ 
chard can be used for identification. In 
California growers are adopting the plan 
of painting numbers on each tree. This, 
with a map, answers the purpose. Others 
use flat wooden stakes with the variety 
name painted on. Most metal labels are 
of aluminum. On a large scale the ma¬ 
chine described as follows can be used.] 
The labels that we have found most 
satisfactory are those printed on alum¬ 
inum tape by means of a labeling ma¬ 
chine. This machine prints the letters 
in an embossed form so that they are not 
obliterated by any kind of spraying ma¬ 
terials, which is frequently the case in 
many other kinds of labels. The labels 
themselves are loosely tacked to the trunk 
or on some of the larger limbs by means 
of brass escutcheon pins, about No. 16, 
1 Y 2 to two inches long. These pins are 
simply driven into the wood far enough 
to hold the labels, thus enabling the label 
to be pushed out along the pins with the 
growth of the limb. The chief difficulty 
with this method is the relatively high 
cost of the labeling machine. This ma¬ 
chine, at present, costs about $75, and 
it prints letters three-eighths inch high on 
seven-eighths inch aluminum tape. This 
tape can be bought at 70 cents a pound 
in 10-roll lots, which weigh about 14 
pounds. Unless one’s orchard interests 
are fairly large, therefore, he can hardly 
afford one of these machines by himself, 
and the alternative would be to secure 
one in the neighborhood through coopera¬ 
tion. Another plan would be to submit 
the legends desired on labels to some one 
who has one of these machines, or pos¬ 
sibly to the manufacturers themselves, 
and have the labels printed by them as 
desired, merely at the cost of materials 
and labor involved, provided one can 
get them to do it. Any labeling scheme, 
however, should be accompanied by a 
satisfactory chart of the orchard upon 
which the records desired are placed. 
The painting method, which involves the 
painting of the desired information or 
numbers directly on the tree frequently 
does fairly well, especially if it is 
watched and renewed sufficiently often. 
Wherever lime-sulphur is used for scale, 
however, this scheme is less desirable, 
because heavy applications of lime-sul¬ 
phur are likely to obscure or completely 
obliterate the paint. j. P. Stewart. 
Penn. State College. 
Grafting Black Walnut. 
I have a Black walnut about three 
years old which I desire to graft to Eng¬ 
lish walnut. Can I get a bearing tree 
sooner in this way, or by getting an Eng¬ 
lish walnut tree grown from seed. When 
is the best time to do the grafting and 
the best method? I can get grafts from a 
bearing English walnut tree nearby. 
Smyrna, Del. w. L. M. 
The Black walnut can be grafted with 
the Persian walnut, and that is the 
proper thing to do if he wants to grow 
this nut. All the California growers, 
and the eastern as well, are using the 
Black walnut as a stock for the Persian 
in preference to growing it on its own 
roots. It is said to make a healthier 
and stronger tree. Of course a grafted 
tree is likely to bear much sooner than 
a seedling, the same as with fruit, like 
the apple. Moreover, from a grafted tree 
one knows what to expect in the way of 
tree and fruit characteristics. 
The time to graft the Persian walnut 
is after the leaves have begun to push 
out, and are perhaps one-third grown. The 
method is by cleft-grafting, using very 
heavy, sappy wood, up to an inch in 
diameter and from one to several years 
old. One-year wood is often so light 
and pithy as to be absolutely useless. 
This grafting of nut trees is difficult to 
attain success with at first, but exper¬ 
ienced grafters get excellent results. The 
methods must be studied from the pub¬ 
lished bulletins, with illustrations, such 
as Bulletin 254 of the Bureau of Plant 
Industry, U. S. Department of Agricul- ! 
ture, “The Persian Walnut Industry in [ 
the United States.” If W. L. M. knows 
of a bearing Persian walnut tree he 
should have its characteristics studied by 
the Division of Pomology of the Bureau 
of Plant Industry at Washington, or 
some other competent authority. It is 
of the highest importance that all these 
trees should be recorded and studied. 
w. c. n. 
Grafting Walnuts in Pennsylvania. 
Could English walnuts be grafted on 
young natural walnuts on branches 
about one inch in diameter? Would it 
do to use scions cut from trees direct 
from nursery? Is grafting done anything 
like grafting apples? Would they do 
well in Northern Lawrence Co., Pa.? 
New Wilmington, Pa. J. H. J. 
The Persian walnut can be grafted as 
he proposes but it needs skill and prac¬ 
tice and special knowledge of conditions 
that it is not easy to convey in a brief 
reference. If J. II. J. will send to the 
Superintendent of Documents, Depart¬ 
ment of Agriculture, Washington, D. C., 
for Bulletin 254, Bureau of Plant In¬ 
dustry, “The Persian Walnut Industry 
in the United States,” he will be able to 
get the neccessary information and cuts 
of the various steps in the operation. An¬ 
other good bulletin is Bulletin 1, Walnut 
Experiment Station. McMinnville, Ore¬ 
gon. An even better way would be to 
visit the nut nurseries in Lancaster, Pa., 
during the grafting season and see how 
it is done there. 
Scions cut from trees direct from nurs¬ 
ery could be used if the buds had not 
started and if the scions were plump 
and sappy. It is not generally known, 
perhaps, that wood two years old or old¬ 
er, and as big as can be cut for grafting, 
will succeed where the light and pithy 
one-year-old wood will fail. Northern 
Lawrence County, Pa., ought to be good 
for the Persian walnut. There are some 
good trees farther north near Lake Erie. 
W. C. DEMIXG. 
Lime Ahead of Potatoes. 
Will it be all right to plant potatoes 
on ground where I had corn last year, 
which I limed with ground limestone at 
the rate of 1,000 pounds per acre, after 
the corn was cut? I sowed to rye, which 
I plow under this Spring; have done this 
for two years without lime and had good 
crops, but think our land can stand some 
lime. Would it be better to put the lime 
on after the potatoes, before seeding eith¬ 
er with oats or rye? E. T. M. 
Troy, N. Y. 
We do not think the application of 
ground limestone last year will affect the 
potatoes injuriously. The ground lime¬ 
stone does not have an active effect, and 
the rye which you are to plow in before the 
potatoes are planted would largely over¬ 
come the effect of the lime. On general 
principles it is better to use the lime in 
a rotation after the potatoes, and not 
directly ahead of them. 
Briggs : “Rogers claims to be an ag¬ 
nostic, doesn’t he?” Griggs: “Only as to 
religion ; as to everything else he knows 
it all.”—Boston Transcript. 
“For the Land’s Sake, use Bowker’s 
Fertilizers; they enrich the earth and 
those who till it.”— Adv. 
Plant Apple Trees 
That Bring Profits 
Apole trees, like people, are 
happiest when in the right 
location. Most kinds grow well 
in New York and New Eng¬ 
land, but tests show that 
BALDWIN :: McINTOSH :: SPY 
STAYMAN :: :: R. I. GREENING 
YELLOW TRANSPARENT :: GANG 
fare money makers in that ter¬ 
ritory. Plant the kinds that 
pay best. 
Harrisons’ Trees are budded 
from bearing orchards. They 
are true to variety. 
We sell only trees we grow. 
Every tree we ship is clean, 
straight, healthy. 
Get our 1914 Catalogue. All 
about trees for all sections. 
Fruit, ornamentals, shrubs, 
roses. 
HARRISONS’ NURSERIES 
BOX 494 BERLIN, MD. 
Peach Trees 
Light Grades at a Special Price 
Champion, Ray. Niagara, Elberta, Stnmp, Craw¬ 
ford's I.ato, Boors Late, Mt. Rose, Old Mixon, 
Roeves Favorite, Belle of Georgia, Beers Smock, 
Stephens R. Ripe, Iron Mountain and Salway. 
The above kinds we offer special, cash with 
order, as follows:—3U0 at 1000 rates. 
3 to 4 feet 4? $05,110 per 1,000: 3,000 for $175,00 
2 to 3 feet fa) 55.00 per 1.00(1; 3,000 for 125.00 
1*2 to 2h feet ® 125.00 per 1,000 
We will deliver freight prepaid to any point 
east of the Mississippi River at above prices. 
We offer other sizes and a full line of Nursery 
Stock. Catalogue Free. 
JOS. H. BLACK, SON & CO., Hightstown, N. J. 
DWARF APPLE TREES 
DWARF PEAR TREES 
DWARF PLUM TREES 
DWARF CHERRY TREES 
DWARF PEACH TREES 
CATALOGUE FREE 
Box R The Van Dusen Nurseries 
Geneva, N. Y. W. L. McKAY, Proprietor 
CEORGE A. SWEET 
NURSERY COMPANY 
20 3Iapi« St., Dunsvllle, \. T. 
We grow our trees 
g uarantee them healthy. 
ardy and true: sell 
t li e m at reasonable 
rates, direct from 
nursery ; and deliver the 
size yon pay for. 
20 BALDWIN 
APPLE TREES 
extra-seiect, two-year. 5 to 6-ft. by EXPRESS, 
Prepaid, for $3. Satisfaction guaranteed. 
Order at once and write tor prices on full 
line of Nursery Stock. Sold direct to 
planters, at less than half the usual prices. 
NEWHAVEN NURSERI ES.Dept.F, New Haven, Missouri 
Hill’s Evergreens Grow 
All hardy stock—twice trans-^ 
planted—root pruned. Pro-^ 
tect buildings, stock, crops. 
Hill’s Evergreen Book, illustra-J 
ted in colors. Free. Write today,, 
D. Hill Nursery Co., Inc. ,212 Cednr SI., i 
Dundee, III. Evergreen Specialists^ 
Sturdy heavily-rooted FRUIT TREES 
Fresh, high-prude Stock direct from Grower to Yon. 
Wide variety in choice, hardy, and truc-to-name Fruits grown 
on the famous uplands of Oroveland, N. Y. Dug to order onlj 
with wealth of roots guaranteeing full vital!f > 
and fine healthy growth. No San Jose scale, 
no disease, no disappointment of any kind. 
Bend f<»r Frkk Catalog, Special Bargain 
Selections and Freight Prepaid Terms. 
GROVELAND NURSERIES 
(Offico) 409-C Iroquois Bldg., Buffalo, N. Y 
EY TREES 
I Elberta peach; I Harvest, t Baldwin appfe; 
I Bartlett pear; I Montmorency, I Oxheart 
cherry; I Orange quince; I Maloney prune. 
AH 3%-4% ft- Grapes; I Concord blue, I 
Delaware red. Currants: I Perfection, I 
White Grape. 3 Pieplant roots. Value Jl .65 
Send today for free, I 9 r 4 , wholesale, 
catalog of Presh Dug, fiunrnntwd 
True to finmo and Free from Dlsonso Tree*. 
JUaloneyBro».A>Ycll9 Co.,Box80,Dansrllle,K.Y, 
450,000 TREES 
200 varieties. Also Grapes, .Small Fruits, etc. Best rooted 
stock. Genuine, cheap. 2 sample currants—10c. Desc* 
price list free. LEWIS BORSCH, Bo* I), Fredonla, N. Y. 
5 best varieties. 40c. postpaid. Catalogue 
Udllllao Xursery stock. M. S PERKINS, Danvers, Mass 
FRUIT TREES 
We pay the freight and sell at wholesale prices. 
Satisfaction guaranteed. Send for our large 
descriptive catalogue today. Peach Tree*, $4.00 
per 100. L’Amoreaux Nursery Co., Schoharie, N,Y. 
Ten AppleTrees for One Dollar 
Healthy trees, on French Crab roots, budded from bearing orchards, 
Standard varieties for New York and the North—Baldwin, Greening, 
Wealthy, Spy, McIntosh, Rome Beauty and others. Height, 3 to 5 feet, 
half-inch caliper ; not big, but extra good for the price, 
Ten of any one kind for One Dollar 
Send today for Fraser’s Tree Book which gives particulars about my 
larger trees—Apples, Pears, Plums, Cherries. Copy free. 
SAMUEL FRASER, Nnrseryman, 27 Main Street, Geneseo, New York 
My! What Large, Luscious Strawberries 
That’s what they’ll exclaim and then quickly buy—at a good price— 
all such delicious berries you can produce. It pays to raise large, 
beautiful true-to-name standard varieties of berries such as 
ALLEN’S Strawberry Plants Yield So Heavily 
Your success is assured If you start right with ALLEN'S hardy, prolific, 
correctly grown berry plants. All the early and late strains of standard varie¬ 
ties for every soil and climate requirement. Over 120 acres devoted to straw- 
berry culture alone at the ALLEN Nurseries, 29 years successful experience 
growing berry plants of the best quality. 
Shipments Prompt and Guaranteed in Good Condition 
ALLEN S plants are carefully selected and packed for shipment. They are 
fresh and guaranteed true-to-uuuie. 
Send for ALLEN*S 1914 Book of Berries 
It's full of valuable information to fruit growers. Lists and describes Allen’s 
complete line of Strawberries, Raspberries. Blackberries, Currants. Grapes. 
Asparagus, etc. Tells how to grow small fruit profitably. A copy will be 
sent I'REE. Write today. 
F • ALLEN, 72 Market Street, Salisbury, Md. 
'The New England 
NURSERIES 
0toro«p Massachusetts 
HARDY TREES 
SHRUBS 
VINES 
ROSES 
PLANTS 
OUR 1914 CATALOG IS OUR SOLE AGENT 
Send for a copy 
tt 
A Volume of Real Interest to Plant Lovers” 
If you are interested in Ornamental or Fruit Trees, Hedge Plants. 
Trees for Forest Planting, Shrubs, Roses, Vines or Hardy Flowering 
Plants, write us. 
We grow in Quantity everything for Garden, Forest and 
Landscape Planting 
THE NEW ENGLAND NURSERIES CO.,bedfVrSass. 
EXTRA-STRONG, VIGOROUS NURSERY STOCK 
Our stock for 1914 is as good as there Is on the market, and our assortment complete. Good, clean, 
healthy stock of our own growing and guaranteed true to numc. There are no better goods to be 
offered at leBS money. They can’t be grown cheaper. Complete assortment of small fruits, 
tree fruits, ornamental trees, plants, vines and roses. Get our prices before you 
order elsewhere; you will save money by so doing:. Our illustrated catalogue is free. Write 
for it today. We do Landscape Work in all its brandies. 
T. J. DWYER & CO., ORANGE COUNTY NURSERIES, Box 1, Cornwall, N. Y. 
FRUIT TRFF Rlii I FTIN r°" the whole story of the 
mull intt UULL.L I 111 nursery business in Western Now 
York. It’s a gold mine of information about buying, planting and 
growing tree^. Please let us show yon. Write for free copy now 
KING BROS. NURSERIES, Dansville, N. Y. Esl. 1878 
APPLE Trees. 2-yr.. 5 lo 7 ft. @ S120.00 per l.OOO. 
For a quarter of a Century we have been represented here. Our exceptional Values aceopted direct 
without the aid of Middlemen, will save you many dollars. Our purpose is to grow and deliver, not 
the cheapest hut the best tree plus a true label. We are prepared to give you the first and last word 
of proof covering this statement. Send for catalog together with our useful Booklet on suggestions. 
Watch Whey's trees bear H. S. WILEY & SON, Beach Street, Cayuga, New York 
Direct from the Grower to your Orchard 
choice selected fruit 
trees of A-l quality, 
Kiiur.’uiteeii sturdy, true to name and free froYn diacaae. Sold at pro worn* prices We 
ofT»*r vou thousands of the best varieties of Apple, Pear, Peach, Plum, Cherry and Quince 
Trees, Krown under almost ideal conditions in the Dansville Nuraery section, by men of 27 years’ experience* 
•I to r> 1‘t., Apple Treen, >^1.10 ! 
■1 to 5 ft., Pear Trees, 1.50 | 
0, *i to I- ft., Peach Trees 85 cent*. The beat of each variety care¬ 
fully selected. Write for our catalogue today—Every planter needa a copy. 
V. 
KELLY BROS. WHOLESALE NURSERIES. 187 Main St.. Dansville. N. Y. 
You’ll never regret planline Kelly Trees- 
