618 
THE) RURAL NEW-YORKER 
April 4, 
Ventilating a Greenhouse. 
Is the ventilation afforded by two win¬ 
dows, as sketched, satisfactory, one 
at each end? I have a cold frame, leans 
against south end of horse stable, as 
showi . \v. w. T. 
Litchfield, Conn. 
The method of ventilation suggested 
will not prove satisfactory, as it will be 
impossible to regulate the temperature 
by such an arrangement. The ventilators 
should be so arranged that the cold air 
cannot come in direct contact with the 
young and tender plants, for it is no 
more desirable for young plants to be 
exposed to sudden draughts of chilling 
air than it would be for young chickens 
or any other young live stock, and should 
be avoided as much as possible. This 
undesirable feature cannot be avoided 
with such a system of ventilating. Bot¬ 
tom ventilators are a fine arrangement 
for use in the warm days of late Spring 
and Summer, when operated in conjunc¬ 
tion with top ventilators, as they great¬ 
ly assist in keeping the house cool, but 
cannot be brought into use in the cool 
days of Spring without danger of doing 
more or less injury to the young and ten¬ 
der plants. 
The ventilating shuold be done at the 
highest point in the house, as the heated 
air always rises to the top. The top ven¬ 
tilators when opened will not only per¬ 
mit it to escape, but will at the same 
time admit cool air to enter, which will, 
Ventilating Frame. 
on account of its being heavier, find its 
way to the lower parts of the house, but 
before coming in contact with the plants, 
it has been tempered so that it will reach 
them in a condition to be of the greatest 
possible benefit. If sashes are used for 
overhead, they should rest on rafters 
with seven-eighths guide between them and 
fitted loose enough to admit of the 
sliding up and down the rafters without 
bindings; a hook and eye on each side 
will hold them in position when closed, 
and if a few eyes are screwed into the 
rafters at intervals of two or three inches 
the sash may easily be lowered and held 
in position by the hooks, at any point 
that will admit of the desired amount of 
cool air necessary to regulate the temper¬ 
ature. If stationary sash bars are used, 
then provision should be made for hinged 
ventilators at the top, that may be easily 
raised and lowered. These can be held 
in position at any desired height, by the 
use of a piece of two-inch lath in which 
notches have been cut at intervals of 
three or four inches. Newspapers spread 
lightly over the plants will give much 
better protection against frost than mus¬ 
lin, are much handier to apply and re¬ 
move, and are also less expensive. No 
covering of light material is an absolute 
protection when the outside temperature 
goes much below the freezing point. At 
such times some inside heat will be need¬ 
ed, and for a structure the size of yours, 
a small oak heating stove set in the cen¬ 
ter of the house will eliminate all danger 
from frost. K. 
Building an Apple House. 
I built an apple house, in 1911, two 
stories 24x36, 20 feet high to eaves. The 
lower story is a concrete wall 20 inches 
wide, 10 feet high; on this is frame¬ 
work. Sills 8x8 ; posts 8x8 ; plate 4x6 ; 
trimmer 10x14, 36 feet long, to take the 
upper floor timbers, floor timbers 3xS, 
18 inches from center to center; floor 
one inch spruce, used 3x4 studding. The 
outside was sheathed, papered and sided, 
the inside papered, sheathed with 
matched pine, an inch wall strip put on, 
and ceiled again making two air spaces. 
Ceiled over head with matched pine; 
between the ceiling timber over head, 
which are 2x8, it is filled in with buck¬ 
wheat shucks. The roof is slate. There 
is but one door for each floor; that 
should be a double door, each door made 
of two thicknesses matched lumber; one 
good-sized glass window for sorting that 
should have closed fitting shutters both 
inside and out. We have two trap-doors 
in upper floor for ventilation and hoist¬ 
ing barrels. Our building is set in a 
hillside, front facing north. I do not 
think you will want steam pipes in an 
apple house if it is properly built. You 
need a thermometer, below 32 set a little 
oil stove in for six or eight hours. If 
I were going to build again I would put 
a chimney in so as to use a wood stove 
if it was required. They freeze in the 
upper story so we get them out of there 
by Christmas. Our building holds 
barrels. j. a 
Ravcna, N. Y. 
Cabbage Maggots. 
I have a small bit of land upon which 
I grow vegetables, etc., for my own use. 
The land is sandy ; a small quantity of 
manure has been applied every year for 
the past five years, and I consider it iu 
good condition physically. There has not 
been a year in that time but what the 
roots of my young cabbage and cauliflow¬ 
er plants, turnips and parsnips have been 
attacked by maggots, and in some in¬ 
stances the roots eaten entirely. All 
other vegetables are not affected by these 
pests, and thrived abundantly. Can you 
explain why this occurs with the few 
mentioned? a. t. n. 
Oakville, Ont. 
The fly or mature insect of the cabbage 
maggot is said to have been imported 
from Europe about 1855 or 1S56. Since 
then it has spread to almost every part 
of the North American continent where 
the cabbage or any of its related species 
are extensively grown. It is not only 
one of the most destructive insect ene¬ 
mies of the cabbage family, but the most 
difficult of control, on account of its at¬ 
tacking the roots of the plants. Its 
presence is never known, nor even sus¬ 
pected, until the plant begins to wilt, 
when in most cases it is beyond saving. 
•Soils that are manured with stable ma¬ 
nure or composted organic matter are 
very susceptible to infestation, as de¬ 
caying organic matter of every descrip¬ 
tion seems to be a favorite breeding 
ground for the insect, or a favorite place 
for the perfecting of the mature fly, and 
in the fertilizing of cabbage soils, it is 
well to use only commercial fertilizers 
as they are more or less of a deterrent, 
and crops fertilized with them alone are 
not so apt to be attacked by the maggot. 
For many years there was no known 
remedy for this insect, but the following 
methods of control are now being em¬ 
ployed with some measure of success, but 
are not altogether practical to use on 
large plantations, on account of the great 
expense for labor in the application of 
them. 
When this wilting of the plant is first 
noticed, a half teaspoonful of bisulphide 
of carbon, poured into a hole made near 
the root of the plant with a sharp stick, 
and immediately covered with damp soil, 
will, it is claimed, kill the maggots, and 
if the root is not entirely destroyed, the 
plant will recover and mature a good 
head. If the plant is beyond recovery, 
substitute another, which is not likely 
to be attacked. Carbolic acid emulsion 
is also recommended, which may be pre¬ 
pared in the following manner: Add to 
one pound of soup boiled in one gallon 
of water, one-half gallon of crude car¬ 
bolic acid, dilute the whole with 40-50 
parts of water. Apply to stalks of af¬ 
fected plants. In sections where, the 
maggot is known to exist it is better to 
use the emulsion two or three days after 
setting the plants out, and repeat every 
two days until the plants outgrow dan¬ 
ger of attack. k. 
DIBBLE’S SEED OATS 
Northern Grown :: :: Thoroughly Recleaned 
DIBBLE’S NEW HEAVYWEIGHT 
Early, with stiff straw and enormously productive Heavy 
grain with thin hulls. A Connecticut customer says: 
“Grain weighs 44 to 4ti lbs.” One from Vermont: "OverllT 
bushels per acre.” Ohio reports "Heavyweight yielded 
just twice the amount o£ other kinds.” Only 2000 bushels left. 
LAST CALL! ORDER QUICK! 
DIBBLE’S TWENTIETH CENTURY 
has produced on our own farms for the past nine years, grow, 
ing 100 to 200 acres each season—over twice the average yield 
for the United States for the same period. Samples Free. 
Don’t pay fancy pric.es for Seed Oats 
BUY DIRECT 
Headquarters for Alfalfa. Glover, Timothy Seed, 
Potatoes. Dibble's Farm Seed Catalog Free. 
Address 
Box B 
M 
WEEDLESS FIELD SEEDS 
We are trying with all our might to furnish ab¬ 
solutely pure. Red, Alsike, Mammoth, Alfalfa, 
Timothy, Sweet Clover, and all other field seeds, 
with all blasted and immature grains removed. 
Write today for free samples nnd instructions 
“Bow to Know Good Seed." 
0. HI. SCOTT A SOX, 60 Mai a St., Mar jbtIUo, Ohio 
J 
Bellmatii Farms’ Seed Potatoes 
Let Us Have Your Order at Once 
Pure stock of the SIR WALTER RALEIGH variety, grown 
from hill-selected seed, nnd free from scab or any 
other disease. This is finest quality stock, round 
and smooth, size uniform—about 3 and h> tubers to 
the pound. The Sir Walter Raleigh is <t heavy 
yielder and an excellent table variety. It hits more 
good qualities than any other variety we have found. 
Price, $1.25 bushel. H. C. CROCKER & SON, Semietl, N. Y. 
Hoffman’s Catalog of Farm Seeds 
with samples—free. Grass Seeds, Seed Oats, Seed 
Potatoes, Seed Corn. Everything for the faint. 
A. H. HOFFMAN, - Box 30, Landisville, Pa. 
WEEDLESS SWEET CLOVER 
The white biennial. Also Alfalfa, Itcd, Timothy etc 
Sample and booklet telling “lion to Know Good SeedS 
FUKK. 0. M. Scott & Son, 180 Main St.. Marysville,0 
—Weedless Mammoth 
Clover— 
Sweet, Red 
Absolutely true to name. Also 
and other varieties. 
0. M. SCOTT & SON, 280 Main Street. Marysville. Ohio 
ONION SEED 
—Best strains grown 
Send for prices. J.B QUIRK 
NORTH MADISON. OHIO 
SWEETCLOVER SEEDi Sawa 
■■aaiBBaBHBnBa nnd circular luur to 
grow it, sent on request. E. Barton, Box 29, Falmouth, Ky. 
Tested Seed Corn 
T m p r oved 
Golden Dent 
variety. Have reports from 1912-13 crop, showing 
99 to 110 bus. per acre. Have bred this corn for 
the past thirty years. Write for circular. EDWARD 
WALTER, Dept. R. Eureka Stock Farm, West Chester, Penna. 
CLOVER SEED 
All varieties shipped. 
Direct Freight Prepaid. 
Glick’s Seed Farms, Hox 16, Smoketoirn, Pa. 
E* „ C n l A "Wilsons” Soy Boans, $2.75 Bushel 
F Or sjaic Cow Peas.$2.25 to 2.50 
Crimson Clover Seed... 4.00 
“““ Red Clover Seed $8.50 to 9 50 ‘ 
JOSEPH E. HOLLAND, Milford, Del. 
MONEY IN STRAWBERRIES 
$614.34 from 1*4 acre Chesapeake's, 
writes Mr. M. J. Parsons. Parsons- 
burg, Md.,and this is no extraordin¬ 
ary yield. You can do it with our 
well-rooted, healthy plants, that 
are grown in the new land and are 
groat money makers. 100 varieties. 
Write for Catalogue. 
WILKINS & COMPANY 
Wilkins Bldg. 
SALISBURY, MARYLAND 
Worm Killers. 
Where earthworms are very plentiful 
in lawns or gardens they often become 
a nuisance, their casts being disfiguring 
to closely clipped grass. The following 
liquids are recommended by the Floi’ists’ 
Exchange; 
“Lime water can be made by mixing 
one pound of quicklime to a gallon of 
water. Allow it to stand two or three 
days until clear, then strain off' the clear 
liquid and water well with the same. 
Corrosive sublimate at the rate of one 
ounce to 20 gallons of water will destroy 
the worms, but as some may be embedded 
in the tissue of diseased plants all may 
not be destroyed. The worm-killer made 
under Prof. A. I). Hall’s advice is com¬ 
posed of the following: Mercuric per- 
chloride, 10 pounds; hydrochloric acid 
four pounds; water, six pounds. To 
dilute for use add one-half ounce fluid to 
three gallons of water. The solution of 
corrosive sublimate or the worm-killer 
should be used when the soil is moist. 
“Strawberry Plants That Grow” 
including the BEST of the FALL-BEARERS. Also 
RASPBERRY, BLACKBERRY, CURRANT :illd GRAPE 
PLANTS ill assortment. CATALOG FREE. 
C. f. WHITTEN, Box 11, Bridgman, Mich. 
M„i.- „ C _-Hemlock, American Spruce, 
Native Evergreens Arbor Vitae, White Pine, Bal- 
sain Fir, G to 12 inches, $5.50 per 1,000 ; 5,000 for S25, f.o.b. 
Also transplanted evergreens. Write for price list. 
Tlie Jinnee A. Root Nurseries, Skiineateles, N. Y. 
ORDER NOW 
HARDY POMEROY ENGLISH WALNOT 
TREES. Obtainable only through 
tho growers. Drop postal now for free Illustrated 
booklet of facts desired. DANIEL N. POMEROY, Box 18, 
KngiiHli Walnut Farms, Lookport, N. V. 
COR SALE— April 1st, a limited supply of scions of 
■ the new late-keeping 11.,J cftn Ar-nL Fivefeet 
of wood for 50 cents, UlllUSOU /Apple postpaid. 
W. H. IIAKT, - Arlington, New York 
New GREENWOOD LIME 
FERTILIZER DISTRIBUTER 
TOP FEED—NO RUSTING-NO CLOGGING 
Accurate indicator for 100 to 3,500 lbs. per acre, 
whether material be wet, dry, sticky, lumpy, heavy 
or light. Write for booklet R to 
GREENWOOD MFG. CO.. Lawrence. Mass. 
X 
Complete Guide 
for the 
Amateur Gardener 
More than 200 cultural instruc¬ 
tions by famous experts; describes 
all the worthy novelties and se¬ 
lected strains of almost every variety 
of flowers and vegetables vvorlh 
growing. 
The departments devoted lo Roses.Dahlias, 
Cannas, Gladiolus and old-fashioned per-' 
ennials are especially interesting. The best 
Strains of Asters and Sweet PeasinAmerica. 
Mailed free to anyone mentioning 
this magazine. 
DRI ER’S CARDINAL FI.IJIIIEB Is the 
most beautiful, brilliant and dis¬ 
tinct annual climborever introduced, 
it Is s strong, rapid grower, with 
tern-like Mince and covered wlih 
brilliant red flowers,which make 
it a I laze of gloryfroni mid-July 
till frost, 26c. per pa, kct. 
1IREEICS GARDEN BOOK 
free with each order. 
HENRYA.DREER 
71-4 Chestnut St.PPiila.- ; 
SEED POTATOES 
Best of the leading main crop varieties. Fourteen 
years' experience growing healthy Potatoes, espe¬ 
cially for seed. Prices reasonable. Send for list. 
HOMKlt li. HOWE - WELLSBOKO. Pa. 
SEED POTATCES 
2,000 BUSHELS 
EARLY POTATOES 
Red River Stock. Early Ohio, Early Six Weeks, 
Early Triumph. Irish Cobbler, Petosky. Large size, 
$1.35 per bu. Medium size, $1.15 per bu. Bags free. 
Cash with order. W. N. SCARFF, New Carlisle, Ohio 
SwpptPntatn SapJ - S weet Potato plants: vege- 
Oweei i OiaiO oeeu t a ]q e plants,.and fruit plants. 
Price list free. MICHAEL N. B0RG0, Vineland, New Jersey 
Central Maine Seed Potatoes 
Main crop and early varieties. Send for des¬ 
cription and prices. I. L. WARE, Gardiner, Maine 
We are ainono the Al CII/C p| fl\/CR In this country 
largest growers ol HLOlhL uLUYLll an ,| offer good 
C. J. BALDRIDGE. HOMESTEAD FARM, KENDAIA 
a: pee 
, NEW 
ck, $3. 
YORK 
RFARDI RARI PY- WH,TE TflRTflR 0flTS - early 
DlHiiULlOO BAnLE I MICHIGAN CORN, a white cap 
yellow dent, for seed. Write for sample and prices 
to J. N. McPHERSON, Pine View Farm, Scottsville, New Ycik 
OATS 
Reg. Swedish Select. Also Karly Learning; Kohls 
and white cap seed corn nnd Garden Seeds. Cata¬ 
logue free. IIILO. BUKT A SONS, Melrose, Ohio 
RHIIRARR RflflT^ E0R SflLE —an extra fancy strain 
nnUDAnD nuu I 0 of LiiiMftous, the best variety 
Prices, F.O It., per doz.,$l; per 100, $5; per 1,0011. $55 
Cash with order. Tompson Bros., R 0.4. Attleboro. Mass. 
PURE FIELD SEEDS 
Plover. Timothy, Alsike, Alfalfa and all kinds of 
PURE FIELD Seods direct from prodneor to consumer; 
free from noxious weeds. Ask for samples. 
A. C, HOYT & CO., • Fostorla, Ohio 
FRUIT 
AND VEGETABLE 
BASKETS 
OF ALL 1>KS< BIPTION8 
Write for free catalogue and price list. Buy direct 
from the Manufacturer and save money. 
HEBSTlilt BASKET CO. 
Box 14 ... Webster, Monroe Co., N. Y. 
There's a SECRET 
the Arrow Point 
Thousands ol Up-To- 
Date Fruit Orortri art 
sajlU, “FRIEND NOZ¬ 
ZLES ARE SUPERIOR.- 
Whj Is this 1 
SIMPLY tweauea they GET TTTKRE. An IMITATION 
U.JtreiJM that aoioewhare tharr m an ORIGINAL. I on 
the NOZZLE you uW and w U vo j <-*» find »h- MAKFU’8 
NAME and tba wool ’’PATENTED ” The ” FRIEND” U 
itw OIUOINAL Lup Noaaie iUhb* away with lha floater. 
“FRIEND” Noaslaa hair* oo HORNS, oo IltXIKlL nothin* to 
catvh. drip ot do*. They tnake tha finrwt MI.ST-LIKE Spray, 
tin,tog it farther toto tha trwea than tha cluaUc. 
The “ANGIE” lyrare op om4ot tha taa**« and down lata tha CALYX 
lha ” RE GUI AH ” la lor wdlaar, wart. Cut# ahkh la waatad Aaila- 
tactlaa yua/aaleaA ar awaay »Wua4aA. Prtaa. Gt.00 ate*. peafeeM 
“ FRIEND” MFG. CO. 
\ Compart, Niagara Coanty ... Now York 
