e«34 
April 11, 
Firm Management. 
Cost of a Yearling Orchard. 
As I see that you are trying to find 
out orchard costs, I send you mine. Last 
year I planted six acres to apple trees, 
40x20 feet; that is, fillers one way only; 
about 100 cherry trees among these. It 
is just about a year since, and the en¬ 
closed figures show all expenses of labor 
and material, except interest and taxes. 
As you see, I sowed oats on the same 
land, costing me $31.45, receipts $78, 
profit $46.55, as against one year’s ex¬ 
pense on the orchard of $126.19. This is 
all the expense; land cost $27 an acre. 
PAID out, 1913. 
Plowing, 6 acres (1912) . $15.00 
424 trees, one year old. 54.22 
Marking . 3.00 
Digging holes . 10.00 
Planting . 
Trimming after planting. 
Spray 
THE RURAL N HC W -YORKER 
Economical House-Building. —Will 
some of your readers give advice on the 
most practical house that can be built at 
smallest cost, concrete, hollow tile or 
frame? Also, practical ideas on inside 
finishing, whether plaster or wall board? 
House to be constructed to withstand cold 
as well as heat. m. m. 
Croton-on-IIudson, N. Y. 
6.00 
2.00 
3.00 
Manure, mulching . 11.00 
Fertilizer, 4-6-8 . 3.67 
Fertilizer, application . 2.00 
Spraying for lice, 2d and 3d times 3.00 
Plowing strips toward the tree 
Sept. 15. 5.00 
Manure (part) Winter covering 3.00 
Lime sulphur for rabbits. 2.00 
Wrapping for rabbits . 3.30 
$126.19 
Oats: Paid out: 
Harrowing, seeding, 6 acres. $10.00 
(Plowing charged to trees; see above.) 
Harvest . 10.00 
Seed . 7.95 
Thrashing . 3.50 
$31.45 
RECEIVED. 
Grain 120 bushels at 50c. $60.00 
1 Vi ton straw at 12.00. 18.00 
Hudson Valley, N. Y. 
$78.00 
D. E. S. 
Do Not Mix Lime With Chemicals. 
Tell me as to mixing lime with phos 
phates. I have acid phosphate, 5,344 
pounds; muriate potash, 150 pounds; 
dried blood, 800 pounds; nitrate of soda, 
200 pounds. My farm is light sandy 
soil. 1 wish to mix these chemicals with 
lime. How many pounds of lime should 
I use, and how many pounds of this 
mixture should I use per acre with oats, 
with silage corn, and with potatoes? I 
shall drill in oats and corn. f. j. k. 
Barneveld, N. J. 
If these chemicals are of average 
quality they will contain in round num¬ 
bers about the following: 
Nltro- 
Phos. 
Pot- 
gen 
Acid 
ash 
• 
750 
225 
. 96 
. 32 
750 
225 
1 containing 
38 
pounds of nitrogen, 220 pounds of phos¬ 
phoric and 60 pounds of potash to the 
ton. It would be called a 2-11-3 y 2 fer¬ 
tilizer. There is not enough potash un¬ 
less you are sure that your soil is quite 
rich in that element. Do not mix any 
lime separately—broadcast. The lime will 
make the phosphate less available and if 
not used in the ground at once will set 
free some of the ammonia in the dried 
blood. We should add 200 pounds more 
muriate of potash and use per acre 300 
pounds for oats, 400 for corn and at least 
800 for potatoes. 
Fixtures; Cement Test. 
1. Were shingles in bunches ready to 
use, real estate in New York State in 
years of 1910 and 1911? Were wire in 
rolls and bench vice real estate the same 
years? 2. How can I tell when I am 
buying good cement? Is there some test? 
Vermont. j. h. b. 
1. There is not enough information of¬ 
fered to indicate properly whether the 
shingles, wire and bench vice are real or 
personal property. As a general thing, 
if they are loose and have not been af¬ 
fixed to the realty, they are all of them 
personal property; but if they have been 
annexed to the real estate—that is, the 
shingles put on the house and the wire 
made into a fence—they would part of 
the real property and would not follow 
the tenant. On the matters stated, it 
would appear that all three are personal 
property. 
2. There is no way you can test cement 
until after it is mixed, when there are 
machines for testing its tensile strength; 
but for all purposes around a farm, any 
of the standard Portland cements found 
advertised in responsible papers are suf¬ 
ficiently good. 
Manure Pits. —I have read quite a 
number of inquiries concerning manure 
pits. I will give you a description of 
mine, which works very satisfactorily. It 
is 12x40 feet inside, with seven feet 
walls 12 inches underground and eight 
inches thick above ground, reinforced 
with woven wire fencing. On the four- 
inch shoulder, the difference in thickness 
in wall, are placed 4x4 inch timbers, 
which also rest on a bearing timber 
through the centre. We placed the tim¬ 
bers one inch apart so as to let the liquid 
through in the liquid pit hick is 2% 
feet in depth on one end and 3% feet 
on other, so that the liquid will drain 
to one end when being pumped out in 
wagon tank. This makes the pit for ma¬ 
nure 3% feet deep, which is the height 
of the wall above ground. My reason for 
making pit long instead of square is that 
you can drive on either side with spread¬ 
er and you can easily reach to centre of 
pit with fork which I think is better than 
having an opening in wall to drive in and 
out as they have to with square pit, and 
as we use a automatic carrier it makes 
it easier to keep the manure level than if 
it were wider. a. ii. b. 
Cherry Valley, N. Y. 
The Backyard Farmer, by J. Wil¬ 
lard Bolte. This book is written es¬ 
pecially for the amateur gardener but 
with a knowledge of the subject that 
the book a practical tone. In addi- 
to gardening and orchard work, 
are brief talks on bees and poul- 
The garden planting calendar is a 
one. Published by Forbes & Co., 
gives 
tion 
there 
t ry. 
useful 
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HARRIS BROS. CO., Dept. DB37 
35th & Iron Sts. Chicago, III. 
How To Make Your Garden 
Thrive and Mature Early 
The kind of plant-food required in vour soil (kqxnids on 
the kind of a crop you are to raine. In order to make your 
ganleti produce it* maximum yield at the lowest cost for 
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CONSUMERS FERTILIZER COMPANY 
301 Longacre Bldg. New York City 
Powerful, Permanent and Profitable 
••• The ••• 
Mapes Manures 
No Rock < 
or Acid Phosphates Used 
Permanent 
Enrichers of 
the Soi 
I —Not Stimulants 
** With judicious use of the Mapes Manures 
worn-out lands can be restored to fertility quicker 
and with less expense than in any other way.” 
—American JJgricuIturUI. 
Send for Our Pamphlet 
The Map es Formula and Peruvian Guano Company 
143 Liberty Street, New York 
0ME-MIX YOUR FERTILIZER 
BETTER FERTILIZER-LESS M0NEY-N0 USELESS FILLER 
If yoa can mix Cement you can mix Fertilizer 
1100 Bushels Potatoes per acre yearly, Guernsey, Channel Islands 
600 Bushels, C. Fred. Fawcett, Upper Sackville, 1913 
350 Bushels, State Farm, Massachusetts, 1913 
ON HOME-MIXED FERTILIZER 
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ALL FERTILIZER MATERIALS—NITRATE OF SODA. POTASH 
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JGOE 8 1 crops are the inevitable result when they are used 
“ 1 the 
B iggeq 
ETTEl\ 
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first year he used “Bone Base’’ Fertilizers. 
Waypingers Falls, N. Y., Dec. 1,1913. 
the Rogers & Hubbard Co., 
Middletown, Conn. 
Gentlemen—My first year using Hubbard’s “Hone Base” Fertilizers was 
very satisfactory. We bad a very dry season, but in spite of that fact my 
Oats yielded over 50 bushels per acre. I used 2<m> pounds per aero of Hubbard’s 
“Bone Base” Complete Phosphate. We also used this brand on our vegetable 
garden with excellent results 
We entered in 32 classes at the Poughkeepsie Fair, winning 25 first prizes 
and 7 seconds. One class was a collective exhibit of not less than 25 varieties 
. T for a prize of $25.00, In this class we were pitted against F. W. Vanderbilt’s 
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I am very trniv yours. 
OSCAR It. WIDMER. 
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THE ROGERS & HUBBARD CO., Address Dept. A, Middletown, Conn. 
Office and Works, Portland, Conn. 
