588 
THE KURAL NEVV-VORKEK 
April 18, 
FARMERS’ CLUB 
[ Every query must be accompanied by the 
name and address of the -writer to insure 
attention. Before asking a question, please see 
whether it is not answered in our advertising 
columns. Ask only a few questions at one time. 
Put questions on a separate piece of paper.! 
GRAPE NOTES. 
A 15-year-old Vine. 
Would you advise me what I shall do 
with a grapevine that is about 15 years 
old, and has never borne fruit? It 
blossoms every year, but has no fruit. 
Worcester, Mass. J. b. v. 
Probably the reason that this vine has 
not fruited is that the flowers are self- 
sterile. This may come about through 
defective pollen—that is, pollen incapable 
of developing on the pistils of the flowers 
that produced it, or the flowers may all 
be male. In this case abundant pollen 
is produced but the pistils are abortive 
and do not function. This latter appears 
the more tenable explanation, for if other 
productive vines are near the sterile one 
they would quite likely fertilize it and 
fruit would be forthcoming if the diffi¬ 
culty be due to impotent pollen as was 
first suggested. As a relief for this con¬ 
dition I would suggest that the vine be 
cleft-grafted at or just below the surface 
of the ground to some desirable variety. 
F. E. GLADWIN. 
Making Grape Jelly. 
I have about 16 acres set in Concord 
grapes five years. The average is about 
4,000 to 5,000 one-half bushel baskets. 
Would it pay to put in a jelly outfit, and 
turn them into jelly? They ripen here 
about August 20, and we have had them 
to hang on about three weeks before we 
go.t through shipping. What would an 
outfit cost and how best put on the mar¬ 
ket? We made a few dozen last year 
on cook stove, put them on city market 
to grocer.vmen; quality pronounced first 
class. These few dozen paid well. 
Worton, Md. B. F. R. 
Grape jelly is evidently more in de¬ 
mand to-day than it has been for some 
years past. This is evidenced by the 
fact that some of the manufacturers of 
other grape products are about to be¬ 
gin the manufacture of grape jelly. 
There has been a great deal of jelly made 
and consumed in the New England 
States for some years. Most of this, how¬ 
ever, has been made from the wild 
grapes that are picked green and which 
abound in the region. Whether some 
other variety or varieties than the Con¬ 
cord would be more adapted for this 
purpose is a question still unsettled. 
When Concords are used they are picked 
before they are fully ripe. A uniform- 
ally good and well advertised grape jelly 
should find a ready and profitable mar¬ 
ket. F. G. 
How to Cut Vines. 
I have two acres of Concord grapes 
two years old started for the Fuller sys¬ 
tem of pruning. They were trained to 
two vines. The past year laterals were 
pinched off at leaf as they started. Now 
I wish to bend down arms and cut 
back to four feet long and to one bud at 
spaces of about eight inches on each arm. 
I wish to know if I cut off lateral hack 
to arm, will the dormant bud at crotch 
start with the other buds on arm that 
were not forced in growth this season? 
The reason for doing this is to have all 
hearing canes start from the same height 
on each arm. I also wish to know 
whether vine is injured in bending 
down if the outside bark cracks length¬ 
ways. Those vines made a growth from 
10 to 16 feet the past year, and it was 
hard to keep all laterals pinched out 
properly. R. c. h. 
Leominster, Mass. 
The basal buds of the laterals will 
start all right in this case but growth 
will not be as vigorous as that from the 
canes that are laid down as arms. This 
is due to the fact that the basal buds 
owing to their location are not so well 
supplied with plant food during the grow¬ 
ing season as those toward the extremi¬ 
ties where the sap flow is more abundant. 
The vines in question will be just as far 
advanced at the close of the growing sea¬ 
son if the laterals be entirely removed 
and only the buds from the arms be al¬ 
lowed to grow. If there be sufficient and 
long enough laterals to reach from the 
arms on the lower wire to a second high¬ 
er one fairly satisfactory yields may be 
obtained. Usually no injury results from 
the cracking of the outside bark; how¬ 
ever, when bending down a cane for ty¬ 
ing it sometimes happens that it is split 
nearly through, in which case, it very 
often dries out and breaks entirely away. 
When the canes - are charged with sap 
as at the swelling of the buds they as a 
rule can be bent readily and without in¬ 
jury. F. E. GLADWIN. 
Tobacco With Spray Mixtures. 
Can any of the various tobacco ex¬ 
tracts be mixed with Bordeaux and ar¬ 
senate of lead mixture for spraying fruit 
trees at one operation, without affect¬ 
ing the value of either ingredient? 
Lansdowne, Pa. j. h. b. 
As I understand the matter, most, if 
not all of the tobacco extracts can safely 
he mixed with Bordeaux mixture; with 
lime-sulphur; with either of these con¬ 
taining lead arsenate; or with lead ar¬ 
senate alone. In using tobacco extracts 
alone as a spray for aphids, it is best to 
add soap for a spreader. The soap usu¬ 
ally contains free soda and is not needed 
and should not be added where used in 
combination with lead arseuate or either 
of the fungicides. w. E. B. 
The Chemistry of Lime-Sulphur. 
I note with interest your article on 
page 336 regarding the experimental mix¬ 
ing of spray materials, which brings to 
mind something which I noticed while 
spraying last Spring. For the blossom 
spray, an addition of a small amount 
of lime-sulphur was made to the arsenate 
of lead in order to combat scab and Cod¬ 
ling moth with the same spray; this. I 
believe. I have seen recommended in The 
II. N.-Y., as well as elsewhere. The re¬ 
sulting mixture was black, and a mate¬ 
rial resembling shoe-blacking gathered on 
the strainer. According to the chemistry 
I learned in high school, lime-sulphur is 
principally a solution of calcium sulphide, 
and this would react with lead, arsenate 
if in solution. The formation of lead 
sulphide, which is black, would account 
for the blackness of the solution. When 
the spray was mixed as mentioned the 
lime-sulphur would be used up without 
affecting much of the arsenate of lead. 
Is this all correct, and if so. is the lead 
sulphide of any fungicidal value, or 
would it be better to use the arsenate 
alone? L. c. b. 
Leominster, Mass. 
The chemical composition of lime-sul¬ 
phur is far more complicated, and the re¬ 
action does not occur in such a simple 
and direct manner as your formula would 
indicate. In fact, few expert chemists 
would be able to tell you exactly what 
would happen under the varying condi¬ 
tions. The commercial and homemade 
lime-sulphur mixtures contain a number 
of the higher sulphides of calcium, viz.: 
disulphide, trisulphide, tetrasulphide, and 
pentasulphide; the general name of poly¬ 
sulphides being given to all except the 
first. In addition to these another com¬ 
pound is formed called calcium thiosul¬ 
phate, which on further boiling splits up 
into calcium sulphite and free sulphur. 
Calcium sulphide or monosulphide is 
NORWAY MAPLE 
D. C. Rupp, Shiremanstown, Pa., reports 
as follows: 
“ Norway Maples arrived and unloaded. 
Must say this is the best Carload of 
Maples 1 ever handled.” 
I can fill your order for 100, a car¬ 
load, or 10„0 of as fine trees as you 
ever saw. Let me quote you my 
price on 8 to 10 and 10 to 12 foot 
delivered to your railroad station. 
JAS. A. PATTERSON, 
STEWARTSTOWN, PA. 
(Old Patterson Nurseries) 
Evergreen Bargains 
$4.50 and op per thousand. Hill's fine, hardy 
► nursery-Krown evergreens neverdisappoint. 
Protect crops—Increase value of land— 
make house and barn warmer—save fuel 
—8ave feed. Free Evergreen Book illus¬ 
trated In colors tells how and lists 50 
Bargain Offers. Write today. 
II. Hill Nursery Co., Inc. Evergreen 
! Cedar St., Dundee, 111. Specialists 
FRUIT TREES. 
Are you in need of Fruit, Shade or Or¬ 
namental Trees; Shrubs, Roses, or Berry 
Plants; Spray Pumps, Lime-Sulphur, 
Arsenate of Lead, or Scalecide? Write 
Calls’ Nurseries , Perry Ohio, for Price 
List. They deal direct with their cus¬ 
tomers and thousands of our best fruit 
growers are their customers. 
Native Fvemreenc—Hemlock. American Spruce, 
H«UVC Evergreens Arbor \ itno, t\ lute Pine, Bal¬ 
sam Fir, f, to 12 inches, $5.50 per 1,000 ; 5,000 for $25, f.o.b. 
Also transplanted evergreens. Write for price list. 
The James A. Hoot ,\ nr series, Skuneatelca, X. V. 
450,000 
TREES 
200 varieties. Also Crapes, Small Fruits, etc. Best rooted 
stock. Genuine, cheap. 2 sample currants—10c. Desc- 
price list free. LEWIS KOESOII, Box D, Fredonla, N. I. 
FRUIT TREE S 
We pay the freight and sell at wholesale prices. 
Satisfaction guaranteed. Send for our large 
descriptive catalogue today. Peach Trees, $4.00 
per 100. L’Amoreaux Nursery Co.. Schoharie, N,Y. 
TESTED Coori I'nrn :>"<1 «TG KNSI I. AGE COHN. 
FIELD OtJCU UUIII j. DUNLAP, Box 441, Williamsport, 0. 
WEEDLESS FIELD SEEDS 
1 
We are trying with all our might to furnish ab¬ 
solutely pure, Red, Alaike, Mammoth, Alfalfa, 
Timothy, Swoot Olovor, and all other field seeds, 
with all blasted and immature grains removed. 
Write today for free .ample, and instructions 
"Bow to Know Good Seed." 
O.M. SCOTT ti SON, 80 Main St., Marysville, Ohio 
MALONEY TREES 
1 
15 
TREES 
AND 
PLANTS 
98 * 
WORTH 
51.65 
I Elberta peach; t Harvest, t Baldwin appro; 
I Bartlett pear; 1 Montmorency, I Oxlieart 
cherry; 1 Orange quince; I Maloney prune. 
Ah 3%*4% ft. Grapes; I Concord blue, I 
Delaware red. Currants: I Perfection, * 
1 'Vhite Grape. 3 Pieplant roots. Value |l. 6 j 
■ for 98 c. Send today for free, 1914 . wholesale, 
■ illustrated catalog of Fresh Dug, (iunranteed 
J True to Name and Free from Disease Trees. 
Maloney Bros.&W ells Co.,BoxSO.DansTllle.N.i, 
DWARF APPLE TREES 
DWARF PEAR TREES 
DWARF PLUM TREES 
DWARF CHERRY TREES 
DWARF PEACH TREES 
CATALOGUE FltEK 
Box R The Van Dusen Nurseries 
Geneva, N. Y. W. L. McKAY, Proprietor 
! ORDFR NOW hardy pomeroy engush walnut 
I UIXDLIV nvJVI TREES. Obtainable only through 
the growers. Drop postal now for free illustrated 
booklet of facts desired. DANIEL N. POMEROY. Box IB 
English Walnut Farms, l.ockport, N. Y. 
S o Y R F A l\! Q— Medium Green. 
v 1 D C H IH O Choice Northern 
grown seed. Best variety for Northeastern States. 
$5.51) per bu. Decker Hros., Heemerviilc, N. ,1 
Hoffman's CatalogofFarmSeeds 
with samples—free. Grass Seeds, Seed Oats, Seed 
Potatoes, Seed Corn. Everything for the farm. 
A. H. HOFFMAN, - Box 30, Landisville, Pa. 
Beardless Barley and Corn for 
C A J— Champion Beardless Bailey and Snlzer's 
deed Great Beardless Barley, 2 bn., $2.25, . r > bu., 
$5.25, 10 bu. oi- more, $1.00 bu. Early Mich¬ 
igan, 100 day corn as early as flint. Strong grower, 
heavy yielder, 1100 bu. of ears on 8 acres in 1012. Excellent 
for ensilage or grain crop. $2.00 perbu. shelled. No charge 
for bugs. j. n. McPherson, Pine View Farm, Scottsville, N.Y. 
C-„ G 1 "Wilsons" Soy Beans, $2.75 Bushel 
r Oi Udlc Cow Peas.$2 25 to 2.50 
Crimson Clover Seed... 4.00 
Bed Clover Seed $8 50 to 9-50 " 
JOSEPH E. HOLLAND, Milford, Del. 
ALFALFA 
AMERICAN NORTHERN GROWN 
Guaranteed to be 99% pure and free from dodder. Wrtte 
lor sample on which we invite you to get Government tests . 
\V e do not handle Turkestan “Dwarf Alfalfa” or cheap 
inferior European seod. We offer only the very best. 
Our Beed should produce hay at $60 per acre annually. 
Oan usually furnish Kansas, Nebraska, Montana or 
Dakota and Grimm Seed at very moderate prices. 
CLOVER and GRASSES 
Northern grown and of strongest vitality. Wo can 
furnish grass mixture suitable for any soils. 
WING’S GARDEN and FLOWER SEEDS 
Are of highest quality that can be produoed—fully 
described in our free catalog. Write for it today 
WING SEED CO., Box 2S3 Mochaniosburg, O. 
KINGS 
FRUIT TREE BULLETIN 
tells you the whole story of the 
nursery business in Western New 
York. It’s a Eoid mine of information about buying, planting and 
growing tree'. Please let us show you. Write for free copy now 
KING BROS. NURSERIES, Dansville, N. Y. Est. 1878 
APPLE Trees, 2-yr., S to 7 ft. ® S120.00 per l.OOO. 
PEACH TREES 
500.000 Peaches, 5 to G feet, 9c; 4 to 5 feet, 7c; 3 to 4 
feet. 5c; 2 to 3 feet, 4c. 200,000 Apples, 50,000 Pears, 50,000 
Plums, 100,000 Cherry, and millions of Grapes, Roses and 
ornamentals. Small Fruits. Secure varieties now, pu.v 
In Spring. Buy from the man who has the goods and 
save disappointment. Catalogue FREE to everybody. 
SHEERIN’S WHOLESALE NURSERIES, 48 Seward Street, Dansville. N. Y. 
PRTJIT TREES 
probably not found in the mixture, as it 
is unstable and would quickly be 
changed. In the usual mixture, however, 
by far the greater portion consists of the 
tetrasulphide and the pentasulphide; and 
those tire supposed to be of the greatest 
value for killing scale-insects. The 
chemistry of this mixture is explained in 
Bulletin 319 of the New York (Geneva) 
Experiment Station. 
Whenever we add lead arsenate to a 
liine-sulphur mixture, there is always a 
change in color. Sometimes it blackens 
at once, sometimes it is first reddish or 
brownish, later becoming black. This 
blackening is undoubtedly due to the 
formation of lead sulphide but probably 
the reaction is slight and involves only 
a very small part of the mixture. A 
small amount of lead sulphide will color a 
barrel of mixture. The value of the 
whole as an insecticide or a fungicide is 
not materially changed. Ruth (Research 
Bulletin No. 12, Iowa Experiment Sta¬ 
tion) states that its fungicidal proper¬ 
ties are not impaired by the addition of 
lead arsenate and the consequent black¬ 
ening. W, E. B. 
Mrs. Brundage was crossing the ocean 
for the first time. One morning, as the 
captain was standing near her, she said: 
"Pardon my ignorance, but how do you 
manage to find your way across the 
trackless ocean?” “By means of the 
compass, madam,” replied the gallant 
captain. “The needle invariably points 
north.” “But,” queried the woman, 
“suppose you wish to go south?”—Cre¬ 
dit Lost. 
“For the Land’s Sake, use Bowker’s 
Fertilizers; they enrich the earth and 
those who till it.”— Adv. 
For a quarter of a Century we have been represented here. Our exceptional Values accepted direct 
without the aid of Middlemen, will save >ou many dollars. Our purpose is to grow and deliver, not 
! the cheapest but the best tree plus a true label. We are prepared to give yon the first and last word 
of proof covering this statement. Send for catalog together with our useful Booklet on suggestions. 
Watch Wiley's trees bear H. S. WILEY & SON, Beach Street, Cayuga, New York 
Order Fraser*s Apple Trees A low 
All my trees are fresh dug—not carried in cold storage—and I can 
make quick shipment. It isn’t too late to plant this Spring if you send your 
order within the next two weeks. For New York, Northern Pennsylvania and Ohio, 
plant Baldwin, Spy, King, R. I. Greening, McIntosh, and similar types. 
My booklet tells some things you ought to know about Apple and other fruit 
trees; it is different from the usual fruit books, and costs you nothing—write for it. 
SAMUEL FRASER , 27 Main Street, Geneseo, Slew York 
WOOD’S 
Famous Southern Ensilage Corn 
\ irginia has long been noted for growing and supplying the best of ensilage 
corns, and our Eureka and other varieties are quite generally grown all over 
this country, Virginia-grown corns, on account of climatic reasons, make 
much larger growth in the North and West than corn grown in any other 
section. Our corns, too, are cured under natural conditions, and are unsur¬ 
passed in vigorous germination. 
We are headquarters and the largest ensilage corn dealers in this country. 
PRICES- 
Per bn. in 10 to 
Five-bushel 
One-bushel 
50-bushel lots. 
lots. 
lots. 
Wood’s Virginia Ensilage. 
. $ 1.40 
$1.50 
$1.60 
Virginia Horsetooth. 
. 1.30 
1.40 
1.50 
Eureka Ensilage . 
. 1.60 
1.75 
1.90 
Cocke’s Prolific. 
1.75 
1.90 
Pamunkey Ensilage. 
1.90 
2.00 
Descriptive Catalog, giving full information about Ensilage Corn, Cow Peas, 
Soja Beans, and other forage and soil-improving crops, mailed free on request. 
T.W.WOOD & SONS, Seedsmen, Richmond, Va. 
