1014 . 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
60 7, 
Value of Skim-milk. 
What is skim-milk worth (run through 
a separator) per quart to feed 
pigs? I can get it for one-half cent per 
quart. Is it worth it? F. w. c. 
Massachusetts. 
Like all other feeds, skim-milk varies 
in value with the price of products which 
may be obtained by its use. When pork 
is high, food that will produce pork is 
worth more than it is when pork is low. 
Skim-milk is relatively more valuable 
for young pigs than for old, and its value 
is further increased if it is fed with 
grains which supplement it as a ration. 
In general, skim-milk is usually valued 
at from 20 to 25 cents per hundred 
pounds. At one-half cent per quart, you 
are paying 25 cents per hundred, a fair 
value for this dairy by-product. 
Giving Away Butter Color. 
It has been the custom in some of our 
local markets to give to each purchaser 
of oleomargarine a little package of col¬ 
oring material with carefully worded 
directions about using it in the oleo. Is 
it lawful for dealers to give this colored 
matter out in this way? s. F. J. 
New York. 
In answer to this, I advise you that 
the statute in relation to coloring matter 
reads as follows: 
“No person selling any oleaginous sub¬ 
stance not made from pure milk or 
cream of the same as a substitute for 
butter shall sell, give away or deliver 
with such substance any coloring mat¬ 
ter.” 
You will note that the prohibition 
above set forth is selling or giving away 
icith the oleomargarine. It does not say 
that it shall not be sold 15 minutes after, 
from some other part of the store, or 
given away at some other time or place. 
The constitutionality of this statute was 
questioned, and a case was tried in 
Brooklyn, and the law declared constitu¬ 
tional ; an appeal was taken by th.! deal¬ 
er; the Appellate Division affirmed the 
decision of the lower court, and an ap¬ 
peal was then taken to the Court of Ap¬ 
peals. This appeal was argued but a 
short time since, and a decision handed 
down within the last two weeks, in which 
the law was held constitutional. We are 
now advised by a representative of the 
oleomargarine interests that they are 
prepared absolutely to observe the re¬ 
quirements of the statute. 
G. L. Flanders, Counsel. 
Trouble With Butter 
“What is wrong with our butter?” 
Some years since, while driving through j 
a section of familiar country, I called 
at a farmhouse. While at the table the 
hostess, knowing that I had long con¬ 
tinued the making of Winter butter on 
the farm, began to apologise for the poor 
butter, asking me to give her the reason 
for such inferior quality. I noticed the 
general appearance suggested having been 
overworked, as the result of carelessness 
in allowing the granules to unite into 
lumps containing a quantity of butter¬ 
milk that had to bo worked out. Flavor 
was decidedly off, which many times can 
be attributed to improper care of dairy 
utensils. But in this case with complete 
order and neatness prevailing I must look 
further. Following others to the barn 
to turn out cows to water and feed at 
noon, on entering the door I met that 
stagnant blast, such as we find in a 
tight stable with small space for cow 
and no ventilation. One of the party 
watered the stock, while the other was 
throwing down unripe western corn fod¬ 
der. In passing through, I noticed four 
or live inches of refuse in the way of 
corn butts, etc., in bottom of manger. I 
remarked to the man putting this unripe 
woody corn into the manger, “How often 
do you feed this kind of fodder?” 
“Three times per day.” 
“For how long?” 
“Since last Fall.” 
I asked if they had no hay but was told 
they wanted to use up the fodder. No 
grain was given, depending on this corn 
alone. This lack of proper ventilation 
and improper ration was largely respon¬ 
sible for the poor butter. In a dairy of 
any size the most valuable person in the 
farm is he who thoroughly understands 
and puts into practice, scientific feeding 
and constant care of the milch cow. In 
many kinds of work, neglect does not 
involve any great damage more than the 
percent of labor not performed. 
Clinton Co., N. Y\ s. cordon. 
PRICES FOR NEW ENGLAND MILK. 
There has been so much variation of 
prices paid for the New England milk 
sold to Boston dealers this past Winter 
that perhaps a glance at these prices 
may be interesting. The Deerfoot Farm 
Co., I think, paid the best of any con¬ 
tractor. Their October and November 
price was 42 to 45 cents per can, ac¬ 
cording to quality. December and Jan¬ 
uary, 40 to 45; February and March, 38, 
making an average price of 40 cents or 
better for the six months. The price 
paid by Allen Bros, was: October, 38; 
November and December, 40; January 
and February prices are in doubt, some 
claiming 40, others 38; March probably 
36, but no one seems to know for sure. 
Hood’s prices were: October, 40; Novem¬ 
ber and December 43; January and Feb¬ 
ruary, 40 and 38: March 36, an average 
price of 40. The Whiting Co. paid about 
35 average for the six months in the 
territory distant from Boston, about the 
same as the above Alden and Hood 
prices. The above prices, except the 
Deerfoot, are highest paid by these com¬ 
panies the past Winter. 
For some milk sola at retail the Deer¬ 
foot Co. paid several cents better than 
the price quoted above. Now we come 
to peddlers, or small dealers who are and 
have bought their milk direct from pro¬ 
ducers in Massachusetts, Southern New 
Hampshire and Western Maine. These 
people have paid an average price of 
about 40, regardless of distance from Bos¬ 
ton. A few have paid 42 to 45 for near¬ 
by Massachusetts milk. A few of these 
also agreed to pay this price from last 
October to the coming October, but only 
two or three have kept the agreement to 
date. Most of them changed their mind 
this Spring when they saw the big con¬ 
tractors' offering a cut price from last 
year, and they followed the same policy, 
and in many eases have gone even further 
and stopped buying independently for 
reason in most cases of pressure being 
brought by the big contractors in one 
way or another. 
In some cases the contractors offered 
them milk at a lower price by consider¬ 
able than these peddlers had been and 
were paying the producers, and gave 
them a further privilege of buying just 
what they needed from day to day, and as 
this quantity varies quite a lot it is a big 
advantage to these peddlers, as when they 
bought from the producer direct they had 
to take as the rule what was sent them, 
even if more than they could dispose of 
in regular lines of trade. 
Now the question is, what are these 
producers who have been dropped by 
these peddlers going to do? Some have 
found a market with the big contractor 
who buys milk in or near their locality 
but at an unsatisfactory price. Others 
are trying to find a market for their pro¬ 
duct as cream or butter, and probably 
those with the cream proposition will be 
better off in the end by returning to, or 
keeping on their farms much fertility 
which they have been practically giving 
away in form of whole milk by selling at 
a price almost or quite below cost of 
production. This may be true in the 
butter question also, but at present prices 
this is perhaps a question. Other pro¬ 
ducers, and they are not a few, are offer¬ 
ing their cows for sale, feeling hopeless 
in some cases of ever seeing a paying 
proposition in the sale of market milk 
under the condition and prices that now 
or in future will exist. In one section 
near Boston the producers are offering 
their milk free to the poorer class of 
consumer, hoping in this way to force the 
dealers to try to pay a fair price for 
this milk. Just how this idea will work 
out will be worth watching. Taking the 
situation as a whole it is as bad as or 
worse than ever known before. I be¬ 
lieve yet a few months from now may 
make a different showing as influences 
are at work and will be further spurred 
up by present experiences to bring about 
a great change for the better. 
The contractors with one exception 
have refused to accept the farmers’ offer 
to leave the whole question of fixing a 
price with the Boston Chamber of Com¬ 
merce. This is no credit to those con¬ 
tractors and will in the end hurt them 
more than the little they may gain by 
having their way or gaining their point 
at this present time. 
A few producers by selling direct to 
large consumers, restaurants, hotels, etc., 
are getting eight and ten cents per quart 
by the can for first-class, clean, sanitary, 
rich Guernsey milk. The great trouble is 
these cases are comparatively rare and do 
not help the general conditions much ex¬ 
cept as an example of what is possible 
if best efforts are put forth to produce 
a high-class article. The farmers were 
very blind when they went against a bill 
before the Legislature last year to label 
place of production of milk sold in Bos¬ 
ton. The producer who is ashamed to 
let it be known what town or State his 
product comes from, but is willing to let 
the contractor sell the same for nearby 
milk, when produced hundreds of miles 
away, deceiving the consumer in this or 
any other manner will not help conditions 
or produce confidence in the buyers’ 
mind, and you cannot sell an article to 
advantage to any buyer who has not full 
confidence in the seller and his product. 
A. E. p. 
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Why We Can Make a 
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GEO. W. CULLEN. R. K. No. 3. Middletown. Md., 
writes: Troy Chemical Co., Binghamton. N. Y., "I 
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n»:~:_I_| the plan of treating horses— 
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