1914. 
THE KURA.lv NEW-YORKEK 
a is 
CONTENTS 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER, April 18, 1914. 
FARM TOPICS. 
Red-top in New York.....585, 586 
Seeding Red Clovor.586 
A Farm Fertility Problem.587 
The Use of Commercial Bacteria.590 
A Silo Question.590 
Acetylene Refuse.. 590 
' ‘Mill Run”.590 
Poultry Droppings for Potatoes.590 
Spring Work .591 
Sensible Talk About Vermont Farms.591 
Working Into a Meadow.592 
Vetch as a Manurial Plant. Part II.594 
Crops .596 
Potatoes Following Strawberries.597 
Hope Farm Notes... 598 
LIVE STOCK AND DAIRY. 
Testing a Cow, and Why.604, 605 
The State and Purebreds.605 
Why I Breed Black and White.605 
A Dairy Ration.606 
Ration for New Milch Cows.606 
Ration for Jersey.606 
Ration for Sow and Pigs.606 
Ration for Montana. 606 
Value of Skim-milk.607 
Giving Away Buttor Color.607 
Prices for New England Milk.607 
Rudimentary Teat .608 
Fits .608 
Bloating .608 
Indigestion .608 
Horso Sleeps Standing Up.608 
Dishorning .608 
Hog Cholera.608 
Feeding Cows in Calf.608 
Desk for Milk Records.610 
Muslin Curtain Ventilation for Stables.610 
The Egg-laying Contest.611 
Hens with Colds.612 
Ventilation for Hen-houses.612 
Eggs in Water Glass.612 
A Poultry-Breeding Problem.613 
Care of Duck Eggs; Runners.613 
Cutting Out the Drones. 613 
Brushing Off Lamp Wicks.613 
HORTICULTURE. 
Fighting Frost With Fire. Part 1.587 
Growing Currants and Gooseberries.587 
A 15-Year-Old Vine.588 
Making Grape Jelly.588 
How to Cut Vines.588 
Tobacco With Spray Mixtures.588 
The Chemistry of Lime-Sulphur.588 
Boautifying the Home Grounds.589 
How to Kill Moles.-..589 
Hedges and Shade Trees.589 
Hand Power for Spraying.590 
Protecting Early Cantaloupes.592 
Anthracnose in Raspberries; Kainit.593 
Poultry in Sprayed Orchard; Grafting Wild 
Apples .593 
Small Fruits in Shade; Yearling Fowl.593 
What Katy Did.594 
Care of Old Orchards.595 
A Modern Southorn Michigan Orchard.597 
Fighting the Woolly Aphis.599 
Method of Budding.599 
The Cost of Grafting.599 
WOMAN AND THE HOME. 
From Day to Day.602 
The Rural Patterns.602 
Diet for Diabetics.602 
Art in Rugs.603 
Boiled Apples .603 
Raised Doughnuts .603 
Cheese Cake .603 
MISCELLANEOUS. 
The New York Game Laws.586 
Recording Climate.586 
Getting Rid of Pigeons.590 
Concrete Porch.591 
An Easily Made Mortar Box.592 
Moving Bees...595 
Events of the Week.596 
Editorials .600 
Co-operation for Milk Producers.601 
New York State Nows.601 
Publisher’s Desk .614 
PRODUCTS, PRICES AND TRADE. 
(Continued from page 609.) 
HAT AND STRAW. 
Receipts are ample for present de¬ 
mand, and market weak on low grades 
and small bales. Clover mixed selling 
well. Straw receipts increasing, but the 
market still firm for good qualities of 
straight rye. 
Hay. Timothy No. 1. ton . 20 50 @21 00 
Standard.19 50 @20 00 
No. 2.17 00 @18 50 
No. 3 .14 00 @16 59 
Clover mixed.12 00 @18 00 
9lr»w, Rye .17 00 @18 00 
LIVE STOCK. 
Native Steers. 7 00 @ 9 10 
Bull*. 5 25 @ 7 50 
Cows. 3 25 @ 6 40 
Calves, prime real, 100 lbs. 8 00 @12 00 
Culls .. 6 00 @ 6 00 
Sheop, 100 lbs. 5 25 @ 6 50 
Lambs . 7 50 (A 8 60 
Hogs. 8 50 @ 9 50 
MILL FEED. 
Wheat Bran, ton.28 00 @29 00 
Middlings .29 50 @30 00 
Red Dog.31 00 @31 50 
Corn Meal .29 U0 @30 00 
Linseed Meal.31 00 @32 00 
COUNTRY-DRESSED MEATS. 
Calves, best.14 @ 14 
Fair to good.II @ 13 
Buttermilks. 8 @ 10 
Lambs, Hothouse, each . 4 00 @6 50 
Pork, light . 11 @ 12 
Heavy.08 @ 09 
GRAIN. 
Wheat. No. 1, Northern Spring. 1 00 @ 
No. 2. Rod . 1 03 @ 
No. 2. Hard Winter. 1 00 @ 
Corn, as to quality, bush. 71 @ 73 
Oats, as to weight, bush. 43 @ 45 
Rye . 65 @ 68 
RETAIL PRICKS AT NEW FORK. 
These are not the highest or lowest current 
prloes, but are fairly representative of what the 
majority of New York consumers pay; 
Eggs, fancy white, do/.. 33 @ 3S 
Mixed colors, new laid. 28 @ 3U 
Ordinary grades. 23 @ 25 
Butter, fancy prints, lb. 33 @ 34 
Tub, choice. 27 @ 29 
Chlokens. roasting, lb. 30 @ 33 
rowls . 25 @ 28 
Turkeys. 28 @ 32 
WOOL. 
Business at Boston has been rather 
dull mainly because of tin 1 scarcity of 
certain grades of fine wool. New scoured 
wool from the Southwest has brought up 
to 56 cents. Fleeces of Ohio quarter 
blood have brought 24The new clip 
from the ranches of "Montana, Wyoming, 
Utah and Idaho is selling at IS to 1!) 
cents, and a small quantity of New York 
fleeces at 17 to 18 cents. Many farmers 
in New York and Michigan are holding 
for 20 cents or upwards. 
Government Wheat Report. 
The area of Winter wheat planted in 
this country was 36,506,000 acres. The 
condition at the opening of Spring was 
05.(5 per cent, of normal, which is 11.5 
bettor than for the last 10 years. The 
estimated yield on this basis is 551,000,- 
OOO bushels. 
The average condition of Winter rye 
is 91.3 per cent., which is three per cent, 
bettor than last year. The area in rye 
is 2.702,000 acres. 
The Winter wheat outlook by percent¬ 
ages in some leading States is as follows: 
Oregon, 102; Utah, 99; Illinois, Mis¬ 
souri and Idaho, 98; Indiana. Teunesee, 
Oklahoma and Washington, 97; Ohio, 
Kansas and Kentucky. 96; New York. 
Virginia. Iowa, Mississippi, Arkansas, 
Arizona. Nevada and California, 95; 
West Virginia. Wyoming. Colorado and 
New Mexico, 94; Pennsylvania, Mary¬ 
land. Nebraska. Alabama and Montana, 
93; North Carolina, Michigan and Texas. 
92; New Jersey, Delaware and Georgia, 
91. 
Plowing has been done for oats and 
corn. Wheat is looking just fair; not a 
large acreage was sown last Fall. Grass 
is starting nicely. Feed (rough forage) 
is pretty well picked np through here. 
Ilay $8 to .$10; clover seed $7.50 to $ 8 ; 
corn 95 per ewt.; oats 37 per bushel; 
wheat 92; country butter 25 to 28; but¬ 
ter f. t 27^ ; eggs 16. Cows are high, 
$60 to $ 100 , not many changing hand; 
good horses in good demand, $150 to 
$250. o. w. H. 
Elida, O. 
First Feed for Chicks. 
I have just been reading Mrs. II. E. 
Matthews’ very able article on the brood¬ 
ing of chicks, page 242. She speaks of 
the first feed not to be given until the 
chick is at least 48 hours old. I would 
like to emphasize this very strongly. Let 
me state my experience: 
Three years ago I bought 450 baby 
chicks. I had two colony-house gasoline 
heated brooders in which they were 
placed. I began feeding an approved ra¬ 
tion and tried to give them the best of 
care. Still when about three weeks old 
some of them began to droop. Their 
wings liung down, their eyes looked 
watery, they suffered with a diarrhoea, 
pasted up behind, and the final act was 
to lie down and die. I studied books and 
poultry papers and bulletins galore, and 
reached the conclusion that it was the 
dread white diarrhoea, and I was pretty 
blue thinking I had gotten this dreaded 
disease on my farm. I gave the living 
ones the best care I could, and the next 
year used some of this flock for breeders. 
I purchased au incubator and hatched 
my own chicks. These were placed in 
the brooder which had been cleaned and 
disinfected thoroughly. At the end of 
two or three weeks those which were of 
the first hatch began to “dump” as in 
the previous year. Now I was sure it 
was white diarrhoea and I was bluer than 
ever. About this time I read an article 
in a poultry journal on the feeding of 
chicks. The writer claimed they should 
not be fed until from 48 to 60 hours old. 
“If fed before.” he said, “the egg yolk 
would not be absorbed but would remain 
within the chick and appear like a piece 
of hard cheese. The symptoms were very 
nearly like those of white diarrhoea and 
in nearly every ease death would result.” 
I started for the brooder at once and 
found 14 dead or dying chicks. These 
were taken to the house and after kill¬ 
ing the dying ones a post mortem exam¬ 
ination was performed on the entire lot. 
Twelve out of the 14 showed unab¬ 
sorbed egg yolk varying in size from 
a pea to a large marble. Others exam¬ 
ined later showed the same results. The 
lesson was costly but I had learned it 
well, and so applied it on the next two 
hatches that same year. I did not feed 
until the chicks were from 50 to 60 
hours old, and as a result I lost very 
few from bowel trouble. Last year I 
followed the same plan with good re¬ 
sults. so T adopted the rule “never feed 
rheks until at least 50 hours old, with 
emphasis on never and 50 hours. 
New York. c. T. stone. 
There are many causes for the bowel 
troubles. Chicks in transit sometimes 
get chilled causing a slow assimilation 
of tlie yolk. A wet chick just out of the 
shell dropping to a cooler nursery below 
may get a chill. Bowel trouble is sure 
to follow about the third week. Faulty 
incubation may, and probably does cause 
most of the trouble. Incubator chicks, 
if eggs have not been aired and cooled 
down properly, are apt to have more 
unabsorbed yolk than chicks hatched un¬ 
der a hen. It is claimed that the un¬ 
absorbed yolk affords a suitable culture 
medium for the bacteria resulting in 
fermentation causing diarrhoea. We 
place chicks in brooder when 24 hours 
old. Give water first and scatter grit 
and cracked grains for them to pick at. 
The hard grains at this time give the 
little digestive organs activity. The rich 
mashes which are easily digested are 
wrong at this age, and are usually fed 
by most people. So a safe rule is to 
say “48 hours for the first feed,” In 
fact they will eat but little before that 
time and the first they eat should be 
cracked grains and grit. 
II. E. MATTHEWS. 
Egg-eating Hens. 
Is there anything that will cure hens 
of eating eggs? I have killed some. 
Some of them are nice birds and I would 
like to keep them if I could break them. 
We blow eggs and fill the shell with the 
following mixture but this does not last 
long, neither will it do any good in some 
of the pens; Equal parts red pepper and 
mustard, wet with equal parts kerosene 
and hot water. It seems as though there 
must be something lacking in their food. 
We have a regular formula to feet! by. 
It includes grit, oyster shell, char¬ 
coal and animal meal; have fed ground 
bone during the Winter. h. it. w. 
Egg eating is apparently one of the 
vices duo to close confinement, and idle¬ 
ness. Filing the beak, and stuffing egg 
shells with mustard, sometimes breaks the 
practice up, and as often fails. If hens 
can be given their liberty, thpy will often 
cease to eat their eggs, but if they can¬ 
not, their eggs must be removed before 
they break them. With one flock, the 
writer was compelled to arrange a bat¬ 
tery of nests with a false bottom slanted 
in such a way that the eggs when laid 
immediately rolled out of reach of the 
hens. This false bottom was covered 
with carpet and saved the eggs. For 
several years no trouble of this kind has 
been experienced and broken eggs have 
been thrown to the hens. If any danger 
is anticipated, the nests should be dark¬ 
ened and the entrances so arranged that 
idle hens will not stand and peck at the 
contents of the nests. By a little watch¬ 
fulness the offending fowls may some¬ 
times be detected and removed from the 
flock. M. B. D. 
Brooding Chicks indoors. 
I am planning to raise some chickens 
for layers when prices are good, and 
would like your advice. I have a small 
room, regular bathroom size, unused, 
heated by hot air. window about 2^4x3 
feet. I thought of getting 50 or 100 
day-old chicks, Leghorn, in March, and 
after putting roofing paper on floor and 
base to put the litter on, turn the chicks 
into this room. Would a hover be neces¬ 
sary, or will the room do as it is? I 
feel as if I can give them better care 
in doors than out. Will March-hatched 
chicks be laying in November, December 
and January, or will they just be moult¬ 
ing? m. c. A. 
Your plan will work all right for about 
three weeks, when you will find it neces¬ 
sary to get the chicks out upon the 
ground. If kept housed in a warm room 
longer than from two to three weeks, 
chicks begin to show leg weakness and 
other symptoms of lowered vitality, and 
unless given access to the open air and 
to mother earth, will dwindle and die. 
Your chicks would need a hover at night 
in such a room, but an open bran sack 
laid over them as they huddle together 
in the litter would probably be sufficient. 
Your greatest danger would lie in keep¬ 
ing them too warm. March hatched 
chicks should lay in October, but if 
hatched too early in that month and 
forced to early maturity, are apt to lay 
for a few weeks and then moult, if. B. D. 
Aunt Lindy had brought around her 
three grandchildren for her mistress to 
see. The three little darkies, in calico 
smocks, stood squirming in line while 
Lindy proudly surveyed them. “What 
are their names, Lindy?” her mistress 
asked. “Dcy’s name’ after flowers, 
ma’am. Ah name’ ’em. De bigges’ one’s 
name’ Gladiola. De nex’ one, she name’ 
Heliotrope.” “Those are very pretty,” 
her mistress said. “What is the littlest 
one named?” “She name’ Artuhficial, 
ma’am.”—New Orleans Picayune. 
The FARMERS’ BUREAU chmlrH v f o - 
aerlcnltnral help. Onlv first class farm help and positions soiler 
ifed. References investigated. Scientific advice on farm prob¬ 
lems. Dept. R, l. r »o Nassau St.. N. Y. Phone, 5565 Reek man 
DO YOU NEED FARM HELP 
Wo have runny able-bodied young men both with 
an<i without, farming experience, who wish to work 
on farms. If yon need a good, steady, sober man. 
write for an order blank. Ours is a philanthropic 
organization and we make no .charge to employer 
or employee. Our object, is the encouragement of 
farming among .Tews. THE JEWISH AGRICULTURAL 
SOCIETY, 17G Second Avenue. New York City. 
FARMER’S SECURITY BCREATE NEW YORK 
Rein. Farms. Estates. Institutions. Write. Phone MSf> 
Oortlnndt. Agency Maintained l>y qualifications, men 
placed. Havo no branch. Sidney Sullivan. Kxjairi, 90 Nas.an 
Laborers Supplied Free hSi«5 a me”who have 
worked as laborers, etc . anxious to learn farm 
work. *18 to $25 a month. K. BT.ATOHI.Y. 
United Charities Bitlo . 105 E. 22nd St.. New York City 
WE CAN SUPPLY 
Women Help for Farm Families 
At Nominal Wages and Good Home—No charge. 
GUILD OF THE INFANT SAVIOUR 
105 E. 22d St. Now York City 
Subscribers’ Exchange 
FOR SALE—Potatoes and Maple Syrup. JOB 
McCARTY, Eorksville. Pa. 
ONE SIMPLEX BROODER STOVE, good order. 
$18. FRANK A. MILLER. Pottersville, N. J. 
Subscribers’ Exchange 
Complying with several suggestions received 
recently, we open a department hore to enable 
RURAL NEW-YORKER readers to supply each 
other’s wants. If you want to buy or sell or 
exchange, make it known here. This Rate will 
be 5 Cents a word, payable in advance. The 
name and address must bo counted as part of 
the advertisement. Copy must roach us not 
later than Friday to appear in the following 
week. No display type used, and only Farm 
Products, Help and Positions Wanted admitted. 
For subscribers only. Dealers, jobbers and gen¬ 
eral manufacturers' announcements not admit¬ 
ted here. Poultry. Eggs and other live stock 
advertisements will go under proper headings on 
other pages. Seed and Nursery advertisements 
will not be accepted for this column. 
YOUNG AMERICAN. 22. healthy, wants farm 
job; little experience: moderate salary. 
X. Y. V... care R. N.-Y.. 333 West 30th St., 
New York. 
REFINED, married inau, with small capital, as 
a working partner on a well-equipped paying 
farm: two dwellings; climate unsurpassed. 
GREEN MOUNTAIN FARM. Newfane, Yt. 
TRAINED NURSES—Hackensack Hospital Train¬ 
ing School has vacancies; applicants healthy, 
good character: age 20 to 30; two years’ course. 
Apply SUPT. MARY J. STONE. R.‘ N., Hacken¬ 
sack Hospital, N. J. 
YOUNG. STRONG HIGH SCHOOL GRADUATE 
wishes position on farm this summer; under¬ 
stands milking, haying, cultivating, etc.; worked 
on farm tiie two previous summers. MARTIN 
GILOEPLER, Yonkers, N. Y. 
GARDENER WANTED — Capable of tak’ng 
charge of small hotel garden: high wages; 
send particulars regarding age. experience, ref¬ 
erences. etc. GEORGE T. SPERRY. Guilford, 
Conn. 
WANTED—-Position as foreman, h.v married 
farmer, one child: good, practical experience; 
all branches of farming; good references. ■ Ad¬ 
dress V. F. L., care K. X.-Y., 333 West 30th 
St.. New York. 
AMBITIOUS, trustworthy married man of 34, 
extensive experience, desires position where in¬ 
telligence and industry will lie appreciated. 
HILL, care R. N.-Y.. 333 West 30th St. New 
York. 
POULTRYMAN WISHES POSITION—Married; 
thoroughly competent: 15 years’ experience; 
able to manage large plant: Cornell training; 
will build up a plant or take entire responsi¬ 
bility of existing plant. POULTRYMAN. Box 
12. Mnnorville, L. I. 
YOUNG MARRIED COUPLE (American), want 
work on farm: man as farm hand; no experi¬ 
ence, but interested and willing; wife for house¬ 
work; reference given; accept position May 1; 
state wages. Address ANDREW J. GLYNN, 
325 West X7tli St., New York City. 
FIRST CLASS HERDSMAN AND DAIRYMAN 
open for engagement at once: American. 40 
years; single; lifetime experience with cattle; 
a Jersey or Guernsey herd preferred; best of ref¬ 
erences: state wages in first letter. Address 
HERDSMAN. 283 West 17th St.. New York (\ty. 
A STEADY POSITION, with good opportunity 
for advancement, is open for farm-bred young 
man. Must be a typewriter and a good corre- 
spondent. Write fully as to age, experience, 
education and salary expected. Address STEADY 
POSITION, care The R. N.-Y.. 333 West 30th 
St., New York. 
FOR SALE—Hydraulic Cider Mill complete: in 
fine working order. F. L. SHELDON. Trov, 
N. Y. R. F. D. No. 1. 
PURCHASE ALFALFA HAY direct of tlie pro¬ 
ducer and save money. E. P. EUKENBECK, 
Fayetteville, N. Y. 
GET DOUBLE FOR CREAM—At half first cost. 
Ice cream outfit: will Instruct purchaser. 
FRED. W. PROCTOR. North Brookfield. Mass. 
93 ACRES and 12 ACRES—Two acres in grapes. 
Inquire N. M. KISTLER. Emporia. Va. 
255-ACRE FARM FOR SALE at a sacrifice; 
stock and tools included; write for particulars. 
C. E. BONTON. Roxlmry, N. Y. 
250-ACRE potato and stock farm. $50 an acre: 
or for rent, $500 per year. JAMIESON. While 
Building. Buffalo, N. Y. 
WANTED TO RENT—A small farm in northern 
New Jersey; will purchase if suited. It. O’B., 
care R. N.-Y., 333 West 30tb St.. New York. 
FOR SALK—80-acre irrigated farm in Idaho 
fruit belt, close to electric car; telephone and 
R. F. D.; live stock, machinery: easy payments. 
Address owner. G. PRIMES. Caldwell. Idaho. 
FRUIT. TRUCK. POULTRY FARM FOR SALE 
—30 acres, excellent location and market: good 
buildings; all kinds fruit: strong soil: with or 
without stock, etc.; buy direct, saving commis¬ 
sion. HOMER TWEED, Quakertown, Pa. 
FOR SALE—125-acre highly improved Blue grass 
farm near Darlington, Harford Co.. Md.; 14 
room house in large grove: large stable: fine 
orchard; In best of repair. “ALTAVISTA 
FARM.” Darlington, Harford Co.. Md. 
MODEL POUT.TRY FARM—Successful business 
proposition, fully equipped with thoroughbred 
stock: 35 acres; capacity 3.000; large dwelling, 
mile from railroad: profits will return 20 per 
cent, ou investment: $15,000. part cash. BOX 256. 
Beverly, N. J. 
FOR SALE—Five miles from Traverse City. 
Mich., 120 acres; 20 acres timber; good house 
and barn: water; orchard: % mile to school: 
telephone: It. F. D.: $50 per acre; easy pav 
merits; no trade. P. O. BOX 142, Traverse City, 
Michigan. 
10S ACRES Irrigated farm. 50 miles above 
Brownsville. Texas, on Rio Grande River: 
own pump: 30 acres in Alfalfa; well improved: 
$150 per acre: easy terms. Address owner. 
M. HOLLOWAY, Box 122, Donna. Hidalgo Co., 
Tex. 
WILT. SELL OR EXCHANGE for fruit farm in 
Virginia or farm in Ohio. 33-acre tract, (4 mile 
from Homestead, Ga.: laud fronts Atlantic 
Coast Line It. R.; is within five miles of Way- 
cross, Ga. Also 196-acre tract for sale 1 mile 
from Homestead; both tracts suited for pecans 
or any other crop. G. It., care It. N.-Y., 333 
West 30th St., New York. 
WANTED—From June to October 1st a summer 
cottage in the mountains—White Mountains. 
Adirondack*. Berkshlres or Otsego section, with 
altitude. Want modern house, with bath and at 
least five bedrooms and garage, and good roads. 
State conditions fully and rental. Address SUM 
MER HOME, care The It. N.-Y.. 333 West SOtli 
St., New York. 
