1914. 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
tiOO 
Contents. 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER, April 25, 
1914. 
FARM TOPICS. 
Commercial Home Canning of Fruits 
and Vegetables .617, 618 
The Farmer and the Storekeeper.618 
A Difference in Oat Rust.618 
Alfalfa in Jefferson County, N. Y.619 
A Lime-Crushing Club.619 
Agricultural Student and Agent.620 
“Frenching” of Corn.620 
Working Into a Meadow.623 
Sowing Oats With Canada Peas.623 
The Loss of Soil.623 
Hope Farm .630 
LIVE STOCK AND DAIRY. 
Pork Production for the East, Part 
1.644, 645 
Live Stock Sales Establish Values.645 
Raising Stock Calves.646 
Women and Silos.646 
Brown Swiss aie Valuable.646 
Another Prolific Sow.646 
Setting a lien.647 
Runt Pigs . 647 
Perodic Ophthalmia .647 
Lame Cows .647 
Diseased Udder .647 
Pig-eating Sows .647 
Dropped Sole .647 
A Simple Hog-Rack.648 
Training a Saddle Horse.648 
Overheated Horse .648 
Indigestion .648 
Breeding Butterfat; Working Bulls... 649 
Composition of Butterfat.649 
Sweet Corn and the Silo.649 
Value of Mangels.650 
Feeding Work 11orses.650 
Value of Sorghum Silage and Seed.650 
Ration for Holstein.650 
Milk Ration; Small Silo.650 
Fish Meal for Feeding.650 
Keeping Green Bone.652 
The Productive Hen.652 
Standard for Indian Runners.652 
The Setting of the Hen.653 
The Egg-Laying Contest.653 
Poor Hatches .653 
Grinding Roots for liens...653 
HORTICULTURE. 
Fighting Frost With Fire, Part II.619 
Pruning Cherries While in Fruit.619 
Corn in Young Orchards.620 
Tarnished Plant-Bug on Dahlias.620 
Establishing a Lawn.621 
Incubator as Hotbed.621 
Grafting Questions .622 
Conifers From Seed.622 
Oldenburg Apples Dropping.623 
Rotation for Melons.627 
Homemade Tobacco Extract.627 
The Striped Tree Cricket.629 
Strawberries and Corn.629 
The Chinese Wild Peach.631 
Chinese Grafted Chrysanthemums.631 
Suggestions About Shrubs.631 
WOMAN AND THE HOME. 
The Land of Fulfillment, Continued, 625, 626 
Among Gardens Along the Riviera 633, 637 
The Bluebird .634 
Love of Life .634 
The Hills .634 
The Tramp Hens Trapped.634 
Talking it Over.635 
Parcel Post for Farm Women.636 
Direct Trade in Food.*536 
Partition of Property.636 
Minor and Bank Account.636 
Property in Trust in Will.636 
Wife-s Right in Husband's Property... 636 
Giving Property to Incompetent.636 
Change of Name.630 
A Humble City Merchant.637 
Developing the Farm.637 
System in Housecleaning.637 
Rearranging the Farmhouse, Part II...638 
Burning Out Chimneys.638 
‘‘Woodpile Day” .638 
Eating in Hot Weather.6 9 
Some Canadian Recipes .639 
Keeping Hams and Bacon.640 
Eggs in Water Glass.640 
Selling By Sample.640 
The Significance of the Sign.041 
A Prize Baby .641 
Notable People .642 
Opportunity and Women.642 
The Baked Beau Center Moving.642 
Back-to-the-Landers .642 
Care of the Eyes.643 
Sewage Disposal and Sewing.643 
MISCELLANEOUS. 
War Upon the English Sparrow.618 
No Friend of a German Hare.619 
New York State News.624 
Events of the Week.026 
Rights of Adjoining ‘Property Owners in 
Highway .627 
Maintaining Fence Along Railroad.627 
Mortgagee’s Interest in Insurance.627 
Oklahoma and 35-Cent Dollar.627 
Editorials .632 
Publisher's Desk .654 
BOSTON MARKET REVIEW. 
(Continued from page 651.) 
about $3 per bunch for yellow stock, 
seconds and thirds $2.50 to $1.25; reds 
$4.50 down to $2. 
Asparagus plentiful at $3 to $4 per 
dozen bunches; California celery $2 per 
dozen is the rule. Florida tomatoes coin- 
STATEMENT OP THE OWNERSHIP. MANAGE¬ 
MENT, CIRCULATION, Etc., of THE RU¬ 
RAL NEW-YORKER, published weekly at 
333 West 30th Street. New York, N. Y., as 
required by the Act of August 2-1. 1912: 
Editor: Herbert W. Collingwood, Woodcliff Lake, 
N. .T. 
Managing Editor: Herbert W. Collingwood, 
Woodcliff Lake, N. .T. 
Business Manager: John J. Dillon, 903 West End 
Avenue, New York. 
Publisher: The Rural Publishing Co., 333 West 
39th Street. New York. 
Owners: John J. Dillon, 903 West End Avenue, 
Now York. 
Wm. F. Dillon, 3075 Broadway, New 
York. 
Herbert W. Collingwood, Woodcliff 
Lake. N. J. 
There are no bondholders, mortgagees or other 
security holders. 
(Signed) JOHN J. DILLON, Publisher. 
Subscribed and sworn to before me this ISth 
day of April, 1914 . 
EDWARD J. LEVY. 
Notary Public, 
N. Y. City. No. 2140. 
My commission expires March 31, 1910. 
ing plentifully, but not in good quality 
as the rule, and prices are hard to main¬ 
tain which give a profit to handlers; 
$2 to $3 per crate is about the prices, 
with native hothouse going at 40 cents 
per pound. Cucumbers are paying fair 
at $9 per box for best, others $7 to $5 
according to condition and quality. 
Southern string beans sell well at about 
$4 per basket. Good native cabbage and 
Florida stock both sell at about the same 
price of $2 per crate and barrel. South¬ 
ern spinach brings $2.50 per barrel if 
good. Kale about $1.50 per barrel. Na¬ 
tive dandelions under glass $1.50 and 
better per box; best greens about $1 is 
the rule. Native lettuce pays well at 
$1.25 to $1.75 per box of 18 heads. On¬ 
ions are plentiful for demand at $2.50 per 
100-pound bag for native and New York 
stock. Foreign stock ranges from $2.50 
to $3.50 per crate. Squash growers are 
very happy, as well they may be. to poc¬ 
ket five cents per pound, or at the rate 
of $100 per ton, for the last ends of 
their crop. Turnips hold about the 
same, $1.75 per bag for rutabaga, with 
Whitecap $3 per bag and White egg 
$1.25 per box. Old beets $1.75 per 
bushel, if in good condition; carrots $1; 
parsnips $1.50; radish $2.50 for fresh 
pulled. 
Butter holds about thp same, with sup¬ 
plies plenty and more coming, yet prices 
are fairly firm, ranging from 27% to 
29% for best creamery and 24 to 27 for 
lower grades and storage stock. Cheese 
not plenty, not extra in quality, either 
old or new, and prices range from lo to 
20 cents per pound. Eggs have stood a 
slight raise for Easter trade, but will de¬ 
cline to the same former level or lower, 
as conditions are right for a large sup¬ 
ply to continue for some time. Foreign 
invoices are much feared by dealers and 
make them slow to store heavily at pres¬ 
ent ; 22 to 27 per dozen have ruled lately. 
Wholesale meat prices, while high, do 
not seem at first thought to warrant the 
retail prices charged by the average mar¬ 
ket man. but in most cases these buy in cuts 
and not by half or whole carcasses and so 
pay several cents above quoted wholesale 
prices; yet a mighty good profit stays 
with them even at that. Best beef 14, 
others 8 to 12; lamb 12 for best, others 
7 to 10; best veal 16, others 9 to 14. 
Dressed poultry 18 to 22, with broilers 
at about 25. 
At Brighton stock yards trade slow, 
with plenty of stock on hand and some 
carried over from week to week, as deal¬ 
ers are not able to get prices asked in 
all cases, and hate to sell at no profit, 
or lot the buyer get stock at his offer. A 
few good cows, of course, bring the price 
asked, some as high as $125 each, but 
much common stock is on hand, and some 
sell at $35 to $65. Oxen are scarce and 
high, a good pair calling for $300 to 
take away, and in most cases good ones 
are not for sale. Beef on hoof $7.50 to 
$8.50 for best, others $3.50 to $6.50 per 
hundred. Live hogs nine and better, 
dressed 11%. Small pigs very short, 
with prices $4 to $5 each. Sheep six 
cents per pound: lambs 8% ; veal calves 
up to 9%. Cattle hides 12 to 14 cents 
per pound; calfskins 23. 
The agitation in the grain market has 
given dealers the excuse they are always 
looking for to push up prices, and has 
been taken advantage of at present time 
by an unreasonable advance all along the 
line. Retail dealers sell cottonseed meal 
at $1.90 per bag; gluten $1.75; mixed 
feed $1.75; cornmeal $1.60 and oats 
$1.35. A. E. P. 
We do not sell anything off our farm 
except butter, eggs, chickens and hogs, 
and the increase of our jersey herd and 
some wheat when we raise more than 300 
bushels. When we buy feed we buy in 
carload lots from St. Louis, Alton or 
Kansas City; 75 cents a bushel for corn 
is what we paid for last lot: were asked 
79 cents last but we refused to buy. I 
paid $18 a ton for Alfalfa hay; $1.50 
for shorts, white oats 46. We get 40 
cents a pound for butter, until first of 
May. We sell from 90 to 100 pounds a 
week at that price, and 40 to 50 pounds 
at 30 and 35 cents at store. Eggs at 
present 17 to 20; veals 10 cents a pound; 
cows $60 to $80. some less some more. 
Holstein cows seem to bring the most 
money. I am sorry; I like the Jer¬ 
sey. Hogs eight cents a pound on foot; 
wheat 90. 1913 was a very dry year 
with us, only one rain in this locality 
in five months. Crops poor, except 
wheat; potatoes, oats, corn and hay, 
must all be bought. Drought and chinch 
bugs ruined our crops. Year before last 
we built a silo that gave us a chance 
to steal our corn from the bugs, other¬ 
wise we would not have got anything. 
Bethalto, Ill. v. i. 
Our staples are corn, oats, hay, rye 
cattle and hogs. Corn 60 to 65; oats 
40; rye 60; hay $10 to $15; cattle $8 
to $8.40 per cwt.; hogs $8 to $8.50; 
eggs 15: butter 26 to 28. c. B. p. 
Albany, Ill. 
I sell everything from the farm directly 
to consumers, and aim to produce only 
qualities and varieties to appeal to a 
high-class patronage. I have been unable 
to meet the demand for high quality pro¬ 
duce. I base my prices on the retail 
prices charged by the best markets, and 
undersell them enough to make it well 
worth while for Summer people to motor 
15 or 20 miles, in some eases three times 
a week, to obtain my produce. Of 
course the inducement is not only the 
price but the good quality and freshness. 
During the Summer my customers come 
here to buy; in the Winter I ship to 
them, chiefly by express. I find it diffi¬ 
cult to get fair quotations, especially in 
Winter. In Summer I frequently charge 
twice the wholesale price, yet undersell 
the retail stores and peddlers. I con¬ 
sider The Ii. N.-Y. the best in the field, 
and would be glad to help you at any 
time. FRANK REESE. 
Monmouth Co., N. J. 
Alternating Poultry Yards. 
How many laying hens can be kept on 
a piece of ground 200x300 feet? I have 
divided the ground into two separate runs, 
one for Winter and one for Summer. 
What will be the best to sow in the runs, 
and when should it be sown? Can you 
tell me of a better plan? I intend to 
plow the runs in the Spring and Fall, 
and sow whatever green food will be 
the best, so they can have alternate runs 
and green food. H. a. p. 
Delaware. 
There is no limit, save foot room, to 
the number of hens that may be allowed 
upon a run of any given size. A small 
flock will quickly clean up a large area, 
and it is very difficult to keep green 
stuff in a poultry yard. Your plan of us¬ 
ing yards alternately is a good one and 
will prolong the life of the vegetation. 
Here, wheat or rye sown in the Fall 
might be used; with you, Crimson clover 
might give better results. Another plan 
would be to sow a small yard to some 
rapidly growing stuff that would stand 
grazing, as Dwarf Essex rape, and give 
the hens the run of the other, only per¬ 
mitting them access to the green stuff 
for a half hour or so at nignt. These 
yards could be alternated each year. A 
few hens would quickly clean up a large 
area of new seeding in the Spring and 
you would probably have to use some 
Fall-grown grain if you wished to pasture 
it continuously for any length of time 
in the Summer. I can only make sug¬ 
gestions, which you will have to try out 
under your own conditions. M. B. D. 
A Pulper for Beets. 
A few weeks ago F. M. P of Con¬ 
necticut, asked for a machine for pulp¬ 
ing mangels for feeding poultry. F. M. 
P. wants to feed the green pulp in jars 
rather than let the hens peck at the beets. 
We had nearly 25 suggestions. The 
following seems most reliable to F. M. 
P. He thinks he can rig up his buzz- 
saw with a wide wood wheel with nails 
driven into the run so as to tear and 
pulp the beets. 
“On page 275 F. M. P. wants to know 
how to get a machine to make beet pulp. 
This is how I did it. I had an old cast 
iron fly-wheel about 18 inches in diam¬ 
eter, happened to be heavy, about 50 
paunds. First I fitted a piece of %-inch 
pipe for an axle or shaft to the wheel, 
with a crank on end of shaft, then I 
fitted a board on side of wheel cut round, 
exact size of wheel and bolted on wheel. 
Next I drove this board full of galvanized 
nails, fivepenny shingle nails, about three 
inches apart, and was careful that no 
two were on the same line as they re¬ 
volved, next I set this on a box about 12 
inches wide and 24 inches long, fastened 
axle to box so wheel would turn true. I 
built a hopper on side of wheel where 
nails revolve. This hopper must be built 
with care so beets will slide down to 
wheel and the nails will shred the beets 
fine and quickly. Almost everyone can 
make this kind of a shredder. Sizes need 
not be exactly like mine. I can shred 
a bushel in about 10 minutes, and alto¬ 
gether it is very satisfactory, j. s. K. 
Suffolk Co., N. Y. 
Egg-Eating Dogs.—I had them, and 
broke the habit by opening one end of 
egg in which a small quantity of red 
pepper was stirred with a stick, the hole 
covered with the flap from an envelope 
containing mucilage. Lay this where 
the dogs can reach it, watch and when he 
takes it press his jaws together to mash 
the egg. A sure cure. w. H. stout. 
Pennsylvania. 
ThRee-yf.ar-old Louis: “Oh, mother, 
what is this picture?” “That is a rhin¬ 
oceros.” “What is that thing on his 
nose?” “A horn.” After a silence, 
“Mother, how does he blow it?”—Credit 
Lost. 
The FARMERS’ BUREAU 3US7Y" 
Agricultural help. Only flrat class farm help ami positions solic¬ 
ited. Rehrcno** invosticated. Scfoutiflc advice on farm prob¬ 
lems. Dept. R, 150 Nassau St., N. Y. Phone, 5565 Beckman 
DO YOU NEED FARM HELP 
We have many able-bodied young men both with 
and without farming experience, who wish to work 
on farms. If you need a good, steady, sober man, 
write for an order blank. Ours is a philanthropic 
organization and we make no charge to employer 
or employee. Our object s the encouragement of 
farming among Jews. THE JEWISH AGRICULTURAL 
SOCIETY, 176 Second Avenue, New York City. 
FARMER’S SECURITY BUREAU, NEW YORK 
Help, Farms. Estates, Institutions. Write. Phone S486 
Cortlandt. Agency Maintained by qualifications, men 
placed. Have no tranch. Sidney Sullivan, Expert, 09 Nassau 
Laborers Supplied Free b ^ued mem who have 
worked as laborers, etc . anxious to learn farm 
work. *18 to $25 a month. O'. K. Bf.ATCHI.Y, 
United Charities Bldg.. 105 E. 22nd St.. New York City 
Subscribers’ Exchange 
Complying with several suggestions received 
recently, we open a department here to enable 
RURAL NEW-YORKER readers to supply each 
other’s wants. If you want to buy or sell or 
exchange, make it known here. This Rate will 
he 5 Cents a word, payable in advance. The 
name and address must be counted as part of 
the advertisement. Copy must reach us not 
later than Friday to appear in the following 
week. No display type used, and only Farm 
Products, Help and Positions Wanted admitted. 
For subscribers only. Dealers, jobbers and gen¬ 
eral manufacturers’ announcements not admit¬ 
ted here. Poultry, Eggs and other live stock 
advertisements will go under proper headings on 
other pages. Seed and Nursery advertisements 
will not be accepted for this column. 
WANTED—Woman for cook and general house¬ 
work. N. M. KISTLER, Emporia. Va. 
FARM HAND—Young man wishes to learn up- 
to-date farming. I. A., care R. N.-Y., 333 
West 30th St., New York. 
FARMER WANTED — Experienced: married; 
permanent position. N. M. KISTLER, Em¬ 
poria, Ya. 
WANTED—Girl desiring a good home in village, 
to help at housework; state wages and par¬ 
ticulars when replying. G. L. COOPER, Lyndon- 
ville. N. Y. 
MAN or MARRIED COUPLE to work farm; 
rent payable in labor; $300 required to pur¬ 
chase horse and cow. L. I<\, care II. N.-Y., 
333 West 30th St.. New York. 
MARRIED MAN. no children, experienced gar¬ 
dening and farming, wants position on small 
farm or estate: particulars; references. E. 
HOLLAND. Sanbornville, N. II. 
FARM HELP—The New York State School of 
Agriculture at Morrisville, N. Y., can recom¬ 
mend several trained, practical voting men. 
F. G. HELYAR, Director, Morrisville, N. Y. 
WANTED MAN—Good teamster and general 
farm work: also man to do chores around 
house and help with garden. Protestant pre¬ 
ferred. W. M. F., care R. N.-Y., 333 West 30th 
St., New York. 
WANTED on small place, near Hartford, ambi¬ 
tions, energetic man. experienced in farming 
and interested in poultry; good wages and share 
of profits to right man. G. A. KELLOGG. West 
Hartford, Conn. 
WANTED—Married man as active farmer and 
assistant foreman; farm and orchard cultiva¬ 
tion: state experience, qualifications and salary 
expected: give references. Address THE OR¬ 
CHARDS. Bennington, Yt. 
POULTRYMAN WISHES POSITION—Married: 
thoroughly competent: 15 years’ experience; 
able to manage large plant:' Cornell training; 
will build up a plant or take entire responsi¬ 
bility of existing plant. POULTRYMAN, Box 
12, Manorville, L. I. 
WANTED AT ONCE—Man to take care of up- 
to-date dairy, who understands feeding and 
caring of cows and capable of taking entire care 
of 30 to 35 head of milking cows, dry cows am! 
young stock; none but fully competent and 
earuest need apply. Write, give reference and 
state salary in first letter. Married man pre¬ 
ferred. BREEZE HILL FARMS, Stirling, N. J. 
P. O. Millington, N. J. 
FOR SALE—-Maple Svrup, $1.25 per gallon, 
f.o.b. A. B. CULVER, Grafton, Vt. 
FARM FOR SALE—014 acres; good soil: fruit; 
10-room house. HENRY It. STRAI1LMANN, 
Spring Valley, N. Y. 
EXCHANGE—“Princess” Reds, eggs, or milch 
goat for reliable light motor or incubator. 
GRIGGSVALE, Trontruu, Pa. 
FOR SALE OR EXCHANGE—Iron-age two-horse 
cultivator, practically new, at half price. 
Want Disc Harrow. Box 82, Dunellen, N. J. 
WANTED—A few bushels of pure Carman No. 1 
potato seed; quote price and particulars. F. 
A. CORLETT. R. F. D. No. 1. Conneaut, Ohio. 
TO EXCHANGE—Fine Chicago View Camera 
outfit, almost new. for Cream Separator. 
WOODBINE FARM. Hartstown, Pa. 
PURCHASE ALFALFA HAY direct of the pro¬ 
ducer and save money. F. P. ERIvENBECK, 
Fayetteville. N. Y. 
FOR SALE—Hydraulic Cider Mill complete: in 
fine working order. F. L. SHELDON, Troy, 
N. Y. R. F. D. No. 1. 
93 ACRES and 12 ACRES—Two acres in grapes. 
Inquire N. M. KISTLER, Emporia, Va. 
FOR SALE—Chautauqua grape farm, 90 acres; 
splendidly situated; .fine buildings; $2,000 
down: liberal terms balance; description, photo¬ 
graphs upon request. HARRY STANSBURY, 
Forestville. N. Y. 
FRUIT. TRUCK, POULTRY FARM FOR SALE 
—36 acres, excellent location and market; good 
buildings: all kinds fruit: strong soil; with or 
without stork, etc.: buy direct, saving commis¬ 
sion. HOMER TWEED, Quakertown, Pa. 
MODEL POULTRY FARM—Successful business 
proposition, fully eqmpped with thoroughbred 
stock; 35 acres; capacity 3.000; large dwelling, 
mile from railroad; profits will return 20 per 
cent, on investment; $15,000, part cash. BOX 250. 
Beverly. N. J. 
FOR SALE—Fine river plantation. 1,040 acres: 
deep-water front; soil chocolate loam in high 
state of cultivation: good buildings; two million 
feet timber: or will sell without timber: wild 
turkeys and other game plentiful. N. R. 
PALMER, Sweet Hall, Ya. 
FOR SALE—Farm in Piedmont. Virginia; 117 
acres; half clear, well watered; new house, 
four large rooms: outbuildings old; orchard, 
apples; station and town 2Vi miles. Write for 
further particulars. Address, BARGAIN C, care 
R. N.-Y., 333 West 30th St., New York. 
DAIRY AND POULTRY FARM—40 acres; new 
nine-room house, hot and cold water; bath¬ 
room, telephone, etc.; three new poultry houses; 
hay, cow and horse barn; team good horses; 
nine fine Jersey cows, three heifers, four calves, 
150 laying pullets, hundreds of young chickens, 
geese, ducks, etc.; all farm machinery, tools, 
wagons, incubators, brooders, etc. Price. $4,750: 
half cash. Fifteen minutes from railroad station 
and village. THE SUN FARM. DeLancey, Dela¬ 
ware County, N. Y. 
