728 
TIIE RTJRA.L, NEW-YORKER 
May 16, 
Live Stock and Dairy 
SYSTEMATIC GRADE BREEDING. 
A tremendous waste of time and of 
valuable purebred sires lias resulted in 
the past 40 or 50 years from wrongly 
conceived and carried out methods of 
“improving” farm horses. Men have 
wanted to increase their horse stocks in 
size, weight and quality, and so have 
widely employed imported, purebred draft 
stallions; but in many instances these 
sires have been injudiciously used with 
disappointing results. Errors in breed¬ 
ing need no longer occur. Experience 
has pointed out what is wrong, and 
young breeders may now direct their op¬ 
erations intelligently and with every 
prospect of success. 
When the grading-up process com¬ 
menced, our female breeding stock was 
comparatively small in stature, light in 
bone and weight, possessed of consider¬ 
able speed and marked endurance, hut 
lacking in type, character and ability for 
heavy draft work. To change the char¬ 
acter of the stock as quickly as possible 
to that of a serviceable draft sort, heavy 
draft stallions from Europe were intro¬ 
duced and employed. The first progeny 
from the mating of these sires with our 
native mares were half-bred “Normans” 
(as French horses were then called), or 
“Clydesdales” or “English Shires,” or 
“Suffolks,” as the case might be. Hut 
in mind. He did not know just what he 
wanted, nor how to get it, hence his 
breeding operations could not and did 
not result in the production and estab¬ 
lishment of a standard, desirable Amer¬ 
ican draft horse. All the while he did 
know what kind of trotter he wanted, 
had an ideal type in view, worked intel¬ 
ligently toward it and got it; for he 
evolved, developed and perfected, by in¬ 
telligent selection and patient, persistent 
inbreeding and line-breeding the best 
trotting horse in the world—the Ameri¬ 
can Standard-bred horse that holds all 
of the world’s trotting records for speed, 
at long or short distances. 
Ilad American trotting horse breeders 
imitated the draft horse breeders in their 
mixing, blending, fusing and inter-cross¬ 
ing methods of breed spoiling, there 
would have been no Standard-bred horse 
to-day. Had our draft horse breeders 
copied the trotting horsemen in their 
breeding methods we might easily have 
had a Standard-bred American draft 
horse to-day. We certainly might have 
had great, well-defined specialist breed¬ 
ing communities in every State, devoted 
to and noted for the production of a 
given high-class quality draft horse of 
one or another of the imported heavy 
draft breeds, introduced long years ago 
but not kept pure and not consecutively 
used for generations to produce practical¬ 
ly purebred, graded-up horses of their 
kind. The fact that we have missed 
our opportunity and not produced pure¬ 
< ’(>\ XE< TIC FT CATTLE 
HAULING GRAIN FOR ’Ll IE EGG CONTEST. 
the cross was too violent. There was 
little “likeness” between mares and stal¬ 
lions, therefore, “like could not produce 
like,” and the colts usually were sorry 
misfits, mongrels and nondescripts. So 
disappointing were these first “grades” 
(really cross-breds), that the owners 
abandoned at once or soon their first 
used sires, and experimented with those 
of other breeds. The American-Norman, 
American-!'lydesdale, American-Shire or 
American-Suffolk grade fillies were not 
bred back to sires of the breeds first used, 
but were out-crossed to other breeds. 
For example, the American-Norman filly 
was not bred back to a Norman (Perch- 
eron or French Draft) stallion, but was 
mated with a Clydesdale, or Shire or 
Suffolk Punch sire, and later on the im¬ 
ported Belgian stallion was used in like 
manner. Such mating was done in every 
possible combination and conglomeration, 
until our horses were “composite photo¬ 
graphs” of practically all of the imported 
breeds, on a native American base or 
foundation. Not only were imported 
draft breeds used in this way. Soon 
imported Coach and light horses came in, 
or were employed during the same early 
experiments, and to the wonderful mess 
of “horse soup” or “horse hash,” was 
added the blood of the English Thorough¬ 
bred, Hackney, Cleveland Bay or York¬ 
shire Coach; the French or German 
Coach; the Russian OrlofF; several pony 
breeds and some Canadian draft and light 
stock, together with that of our own 
American-bred Morgans, Trotters and 
Pacers. 
During this period of breed and blood 
fusing in America, when mixing and 
crossing, instead of true grading-up was 
being done, the French breeders pre¬ 
served, purified and improved their 
Percherons, French I >rafts and French 
Coachers; the Belgians marvelously im¬ 
proved their draft horses (Cheval de 
trait Belgique), and the English and 
Scotch did likewise with their Suffolks, 
Shires, Clydesdales and other breeds just 
mentioned. The American farmer and 
breeder had no ideal draft type of horse 
bred draft horses in numbers explains 
why we still have to import British and 
French and Belgian draft stallions an¬ 
nually in great numbers, at a fine profit 
to the Old World breeder and the New 
World dealer; hut purebred mares are 
now coming in, and at last we are try¬ 
ing to supply the great and growing de¬ 
mand for home-bred stallions of the var¬ 
ious pure breeds. Such home-bred sires 
are preferable to those from abroad, 
cheaper, more prepotent and, therefore, 
likely to prove more profitable in ser¬ 
vice. 
Benefiting from the somewhat sorry 
experience of our pioneer draft horse 
breeders, the beginner in such breeding 
should know that success can only come 
from unswerving employment of the fol¬ 
lowing sensible rules for the production 
of high-grade horses: 
1. An ideal horse must be decided 
upon at the start and one pure breed 
selected and drawn upon for sires. 
2. Sound, healthy mares of as nearly 
the required ideal as possible, must be 
selected and used from the first to mate 
with purebred sires of the selected breed. 
3. All male progeny must be castrated, 
all below-standard female progeny dis¬ 
carded, and the approved females bred 
continuously and consecutively to sires 
of the selected pure breed. 
4. All of the breeding stock and young 
stock must be so fed at all times as per¬ 
fectly to develop all of the possibilities of 
each animal. 
5. Only sound, healthy sires and dams 
must he mated, and everything possible 
must be done to strengthen constitution 
and resistant powers against disease. 
By following such methods of breed¬ 
ing, any man may in 20 years or less, 
fill his stables and pastures with prac¬ 
tically purebred draft or light horses. 
Five consecutive top-crosses of the blood 
of the same pure breed make the progeny 
to all intents and purposes purebred, and 
when an additional top-cross is put on, 
making six in all, only one and one-half 
per cent, of the blood in the veins of the 
graded-up progeny will represent that of 
SANITATION 
would have saved a great many 
Of the 7,420,912 hogs valued 
at $59,455,700.00 lost in 
United States during 1913 from 
HOG CHOLERA 
You can make your hog 
pens sanitary if you use 
KRESO DIP No. 1 
The Standardized, Reliable 
Dip and Disinfectant. 
We will send you free a booklet on the 
treatment of mange, eczema or pitch 
mange, arthritis, sore mouth, etc. 
We will send you free a booklet on 
how to build a hog wallow, which will 
keep hogs clean and healthy. 
We will send you free a booklet on 
how to keep your hogs free from lice and 
parasites and disease. 
Write for them—they are free. 
KRESO DIP No. 1 has been used at 
the large state fairs in the United States 
for the last ten years Id prevent the 
spread of contagious disease. It has done 
it, and KRESO DIP No. 1 will do the 
same for you on the farm. 
KRESO DIP No. 1 Is Easy to Use—Reli¬ 
able—For Sale liy All Druggists— 
Effective—Not Expensive. 
PARKE, DAVIS & CO. 
Dep’t Animal Industry. DETROIT, MICH. 
End YOUR Delivery Troubles! 
PARSONS 
for ever and ever 
and ever. Why 
pay every month 
for useless re¬ 
pairs? Why risk 
loss of business 
and all your good 
drivers? Stop all 
that. Stop it 
N O W. Simply 
install 
“LOW-DOWN” 
MILK WAGONS 
Parsons wagons are the product of a reput¬ 
able firm. Are made in an up-to-date plant. 
SKILL, BRAINS, MONEV, TIM IS and the 
HIGHEST GRADE MATERIALS mako it 
possible for Parsons Wagons to 
Turn “DEFICIENCY” Into “EFFICIENCY” 
Milk Dealers', Bakers’, Butchers' Wagons 
Exclusively. For 27 Years The Standard. 
A ‘Postal Brings Catalog D and Photos 
THE PARSONS WAGON CO. 
EARLVILLE NEW YORK 
EXCELSIOR_SWING STANCHION 
30 Days’ Trial—Stationary When Open 
NOISELESS SIMPLE SANITARY DURABLE 
The Wasson Stanchion Co., 
liox 60, Cuba, N. Y. 
|{OUKHTSO V’S (’ll A I N 
HANGING (STANCHIONS 
“I have used them for moro 
than TWENTY YEARS, and they 
have given the very best of sat id- 
fur lion iu every way,*’ write? 
Justus II. Cooley, M.D., IMainllelu 
Sanitarium, Plainfield; N. J. 
Thirty days* trial on application 
O. II. ROBERTSON 
Wash. St., Forcatvlllc, Conn. 
Write for our FREE 
/ Catalog. It’s a real 
j textbook on stanchions 
/ and explains the many 
1 exclusive features of our 
New Modern 
Stanchion 
Wood or steel. Chain or swivel 
hung. Furnished with or without 
wood or steel frame. It’s the 
j lightest and most durable stan- 
/ cluon—yet the easiest on the cow 
1 and holds her securely. 
This wonderful Catalog also in¬ 
cludes detailed description and ex¬ 
planation of our Litter and Feed 
Cnrriers. Water Basins, and other "Now 
Modern” Equipment for the farm. 
GLOR BROS. & WILLIS MFG. CO. 
64 Main Street, Attica, N. Y. 
“Everything for the Barn” 
HORSE LAME? 
Uso KIMUU’S Famous 
OINTMENT. A sure cure 
for bone, bog, and ,blood 
spavin, ringbone, curb, soft hunches, splint, cie. 60 cent*, post- 
(mid. I', kindig, Jr., lUuudy i’o., 4826 Woodland Ave., Phila. 
When you write advertisers mention The 
Rural New-Yorker and you’ll get a quick 
reply and a “square deal.” See guarantee 
editorial page. 
Sirenia Oil 
Drives 
Away Flies 
FUes Kill Profits 
Sirenia Oil—analyzed and 
_____j|y 2 
endorsed by the Westfield 
Board of Health—is made of 
pure oils and is harmless for all external 
applications. It will not blister or cause 
the hair to fall off. •< 
Sirenia Oil 
is applied with a cloth, not a sprayer. It 
drives flies from cattle and horses, fleas 
from hogs and dogs, lice from poultry and 
ticks from sheep. 
It heals sores and scratches. 
Money Back If Not Satisfied 
Your dealer should have Sirenia Oil—if he 
hasn’t, send us his name and one dollar for 
a one dollar can. We will prepay delivery 
charges and 
guarantee satis¬ 
faction. Write 
for results ob¬ 
tained by users. 
United States 
Whip Co. 
Westfield, Mass. 
Warranted to Civ SatMaetlon. 
Gomhault's 
Caustic Balsam 
Has Imitators But No Competitors. 
A Safe, Speedy and Positive Cure for 
Curb, Splint, Sweeny, Capped Hock, 
Strained Tendons, Founder, Wind 
Pulls, and all lameness from Spavin, 
Ringbone and other bony tumors. 
Cures all skin diseases or Parasites, 
Thrush, Diphtheria, Removes all 
Bunches from Horses or Cattle. 
As a Human Remedy for Rheumatism, 
Sprains, Sore Throat, etc., It is invaluable. 
Kvery bottle of Caustic Balsam sold is 
Warranted to give satisfaction. Price $1,60 
per bottle. Sold by druggists, or sent by ex¬ 
press. charges paid, with full directions for 
its use. t^rsond for descriptivo circu’ara, 
testimonials, etc. Address 
The Lawrence-Williams Co«, Cleveland, 0. 
ABSORBINE 
TRADE mark reg.u.s.pat. off. 
Will reduce Inflamed, Strained, 
Swollen Tendons, Ligaments, 
Muscles or Bruises. Stops the 
lameness and pain from a Splint, 
Side Bone or Bone Spavin. No 
blister, no hair gone. Horse can be 
used. $2 a bottle delivered. Describe 
your case for special instructions 
and Book 2 K Free. 
ABSORBINE, JR., the antiseptic liniment for 
mankind. Reduces Strained, Torn Liga¬ 
ments, Enlarged Glands, Veins or Muscles, 
1 Heals Cuts, Sores, Ulcers. Allays pain. Pric< 
f 1.00 a bottleat dealersor delivered. Book "Evidence” free. 
W. F. YOUNG, P. D. F., 88 Temple St., Springfield, Mass. 
MINERAL 
"SHEAVE 
years REMEDY 
-HEAVES 
Booklet 
free 
8’ Package CURES any ense or money refunded. 
Package CURES ordinary cases. 
m 
$i 
Mineral Heave Remedy Co., 461 N. Fourth Ave. Pittsburgh,P» 
H ARRI S PULLEY ^5 
Costs half-does better work. Automatic —no 
lovers or clutches. Starts cream separator slow¬ 
ly, increases speed irradually, offsets Jerk ol 
engine. Prolongs life of separator. Pays for 
self in a season. Warranted for life. 
15.45 complete. Order, or send iov 
circulars. 
3 (4 AFFILIATED MFRS. CO. 
405 Caswell Bldg. Milwaukee, Wia. 
! 
rDllMD'C IMPROVED 
OHUniOO WARRINER 
STANCHION 
“ My barn that was 
BURNED 
was tilted with Crumb’* 
Warrlner Stanchions. If it 
| had not been for the ease with 
i which these fastener* were 
I opened I should have lost my 
I cows,” writes Mr. Everett 
'Gains, ltemardstown. Mass. 
Booklet Free. 
WALLACE U. CULMU, Box M£>, Fore, tv 111c, Cob*. 
