1914. 
THE R UHAb NEW-YORKER 
«73 
RAISING AN ORPHAN COLT. 
S OME writers have said it is more dif¬ 
ficult to raise an orphan colt than a 
calf. Of course there are differences in 
colts, as well as in calves. Some calves 
seem intelligent, and are easily and quick¬ 
ly taught to drink milk ; others are “fool 
calves,” stupid, stubborn, and hard to 
teach. The writer’s experience (though 
not extensive) is that colts are more in¬ 
telligent, tamer, and are more easily 
taught to drink cow’s milk, than most 
calves. We had a young mare that foaled 
unexpectedly in the stable at night, and 
when found in the morning was suffering 
and rolling frequently with pain. The 
rollings were so frequent and violent, 
that the colt had not sucked, if indeed she 
had any milk. He had prudently left the 
stall to get out of danger of being hurt. 
A neighbor who came into the barn said : 
“You would better send over the river for 
old Ben, but I can tell you exactly what 
he will do. He will send for two quarts 
of whiskey, give the mare one quart, and 
drink the other himself.” The mare died 
before night. The post-mortem showed in 
her stomach a spot as large as a man’s 
hand where the hots had clustered to¬ 
gether resembling bees on the outside of 
the hive before swarming. They were 
hooked fast to the inner coating of the 
stomach, which was perforated in places. 
Some veterinary surgeon may say I 
must be mistaken, as bots have 
no teeth. Be it so. I know what 
I saw, and others who were present, will 
corroborate me. The colt acted tame and 
hungry. It was fed some cow’s milk, 
freshly drawn, undiluted, and unmixed 
with anything. It did not show any 
alarm at being handled, nor resist having 
my fingers placed in its mouth, and when 
the pail was raised to its lips, commenced 
Sticking the milk from between my fingers 
and continued the operation until its ap¬ 
petite was satisfied. About the third 
feeding it drank the milk without the 
fingers, which was as well as any of our 
calves had done. It was fed whole milk 
fresh from the cow, for a week or more, 
and then skim-milk was gradually sub¬ 
stituted warmed to a blood heat, and a 
handful of wheat middling mixed with 
it to compensate for loss of the cream—• 
as had been our practice in raising 
calves. It was surprising how quickly 
the colt learned to eat oats, and nibble 
hay. Excepting the oats, it was fed and 
raised exactly as we raised our calves, 
and apparently was as healthy and grew 
as fast as if its mother had lived and 
supplied its natural food. In due time, 
it became a large, strong, healthy horse, 
willing to do all kinds of work required. 
J. \V. INGHAM. 
GOATS AND POISON IVY. 
H OW can I exterminate poison ivy? 
Large patches of it are coming in 
and spreading each year, low grow¬ 
ing and also vines. I propose to buy two 
goats and tie them with chains on a 
patch, and water them daily. What do 
you think of this and where would you 
buy them? Or would brine from butcher 
do better, or crude oil, and how much 
to cover about one acre in the aggregate? 
Rhode Island. w. b. w. 
The following is reprinted from last 
year's volume of The R. N.-Y.: 
Crude carbolic acid is excellent for 
killing poison ivy. As it does not cor¬ 
rode metal it can be applied with a pump 
or sprayer, but the best method is to 
apply from an oil can to the crown and 
stem of each individual plant. If it is 
sprayed it should be diluted with 15 to 
30 parts of water and kept well agitated. 
A strong solution of caustic soda is also 
effective; it should always be sprayed 
over the plants in hot dry weather. If 
you will mow the tops in June and July, 
and then pour caustic soda over the sur¬ 
face. you will do much to destroy the 
plants. The soda will render the ground 
sterile for some time, hence is not ad¬ 
vised on arable land. Hot brine is also 
effective—three pounds of salt to a gal¬ 
lon of water. This kills the plant in 
about three applications. If the person 
who works with the ivy rubs pure olive 
oil over face, neck and hands before ex¬ 
posure to it, the risk of poisoning is much 
lessened. As the volatile oil that car¬ 
ries the poison usually clings to clothing, 
and may thus cause further poisoning, 
it is well to wear overalls that may 
he discarded or kept for such work only. 
After the work is done, sponging face, 
hands or other exposed flesh with grain 
alcohol is a useful precaution ; the toxic 
oil is not soluble in water alone. 
We have had a regular congress of 
poison ivy experts in The R. N.-Y., and 
here are some of their remedies: Fresh 
leaves and stems of jewel-weed or touch- 
mo-not, bruised and rubbed on (this weed 
is often found growing near poison ivy) ; 
bruised leaves of English plantain or rib- 
grass; tincture of grindelia; tincture of 
witch haael applied hot; hot brine; 
solution of hyposulphate of soda; creo- 
liu, diluted to five per cent, strength, ap¬ 
plied on absorbent cotton, and renewed 
as it dries out; sugar of lead in alcohol, 
saturated solution. This is poisonous, 
and must be used carefully. Pure olive 
oil is also very helpful. A poison ivy 
cure given by the Florists’ Exchange is 
90 per cent, of olive oil and 10 per cent, 
of carbolic acid. It must be mixed by 
a druggist who has appliances for making 
a perfect emulsion. Do not allow it to 
get into the eyes. This is said to give 
relief with the first application and com¬ 
plete cure with a little further treatment. 
In destroying poison ivy, when dried 
vines are burned make the fire in an open 
place, and do not get to the windward 
of it. as the smoke is likely to cause 
poisoning. Stove wood to which the ivy 
clings is dangerous, too; its burning often 
causes inflamed eyes. 
The use of goats is a new one to us. 
Much stock will not eat the plant. We 
have had reports of cows which cleaned 
it out along stone walls. On the other 
hand, there are reports of Ohio lambs 
which were killed by the ivy—their faces 
being badly poisoned. Most likely ani¬ 
mals differ in their susceptibility to the 
poison as well as humans. 
NEW YORK STATE NEWS. 
R ABIES BEING CHECKED.—The 
State Department of xVgriculture is 
fighting rabies in several counties 
of the State. Westchester County has 
been quarantined and Rensselaer has sev¬ 
eral cases. These are being carefully 
watched to prevent further spread of the 
disease. 
Cooperative Societies. —There are at 
this writing. 31 cooperative societies in 
this State, organized under the Cole Act. 
All are incorporated of course. The work 
of organizing these societies is being kept 
on a conservative basis because it is dis¬ 
covered that immediately after organiza¬ 
tion there is likely to be a slackening of 
effort on the part of members about going 
after business in a systematic way and 
it is to assist the new organization at 
this time that the Bureau finds its ser¬ 
vices most needed. There are numerous 
demands for speakers, many from the 
Granges of the State whose members 
want information on the subject of co¬ 
operation and the proper methods of co- [ 
operative organization. 
Grange Growth. —There are now S50 
Granges in this State, with an average 
membership of about 130, estimated. 
This would make the total membership 
in the State something over 110,000. 
There are four Granges that exceed 000 
members. Those are Webster Grange No. 
430, of Monroe County, with a member¬ 
ship of 721; Newark Grange No. 360, of 
Wayne County, with 652; Fredonia No. 
1, of Chautauqua County, with 6-10, and 
Jamestown of the same county with 632. 
There are 23 Granges with a membership 
exceeding 500. 
Allegany Farm Bureau. —At the re¬ 
cent election of officers and directors of 
the Allegany Farm Bureau C. F. Moul¬ 
ton. of Cuba, was chosen president; J. 
R. Hodnett. of Belmont, vice-president; 
E. W. Barnes, of Wellsville, secretary, 
and Wm. Breneka. of. Angelica, treasurer. 
F. C. Smith will continue as county 
agent. On August 4 a picnic and outing 
for the counties of Allegany, Cattaraugus, 
Wyoming and Erie will be held at Crys¬ 
tal Lake. The Granges of the county 
are cooperating in providing funds for 
the farm bureau, the Pomona Grange 
giving $50, and several of the subordin¬ 
ate Granges $10 or more each. There 
are at present about ISO members of the 
farm bureau association. 
Corn And Potato Contest. —The 
Pomona Grange, the county Farm Bu¬ 
reau and the county school superintend¬ 
ents of Jeffersou County are cooperating 
in a corn and potato-growing contest for 
hoys and girls. There have been regis¬ 
tered in this contest 40 boys each to grow 
one acre of corn; 35 boys who will grow 
and exhibit 10 ears of corn; 9S boys 
and girls each growing a quarter acre 
of potatoes; 30 boys and girls who will 
grow and exhibit a plate of 10 potatoes. 
The round-up will be held in December 
during the meeting of the Pomona 
Grange. The subordinate Granges of the 
county are raising the funds to pay the 
awards, each Grange contributing from $3 
to $5. There will also he a corn growing 
contest “open to all comers” and all con¬ 
testants must grow oue acre of corn and 
exhibit 10 ears of the same at the an¬ 
nual Northern New York corn show to 
be held during Farmers’ Week at the 
State school of agriculture at Camden. 
The Pomona Grange will hold its annual 
Field Day at City Park sometime in 
August and at the county fair in the Fall 
will have a booth containing exhibits. 
Farm Brokers Meet. —The farm 
brokers of the State had an interesting 
session in Ithaca last week. Col. C. A. 
Simmons, secretary of the Industrial 
Commission of Ithaca, told the brokers 
that the popular mind failed to appre¬ 
ciate the resources of this State when 
comparing its products with those of the 
prairies of the West. The State of 
New York, he said, produces four times 
as much wheat per acre as North Dakota. 
7.6 bushels more than Nebraska and 
nearly 10 more than Missouri. The in¬ 
creased price to the New York farmer 
leaves him a net profit on a 10-acre wheat 
field of more than $110 above that of 
South Dakota. Marc W. Cole told the 
brokers that more pictures of actual farm 
scenes in the East should he published 
and distributed and that proofs of the re¬ 
liability of the farm brokers such as were 
represented in the association should be 
placed before possible buyers of farms. 
The advertising committee adopted plans 
for giving eastern possibilities in farm¬ 
ing greater publicity. Prof. Mann said 
that the College of Agriculture did a 
business last year of $125,000 in butter, 
ice cream and cheese and that an average 
of something like 30.000 pounds of milk 
are handled daily at the College. 
Gov. Glynn Wields Axe. —When the 
appropriation bills left the Governor’s 
hands the other day the amounts were 
reduced by the sum of $1,508,000. This 
brings his total vetoes for the year up 
to $7,272,000 which is the record for the 
office. Accompanying the vetoes was a 
memorandum giving his reasons for the 
veto of each item. Some of them are in¬ 
teresting. Here are a few of particular 
interest to farmer readers: State Fair 
Commission for deficiency in appropria¬ 
tion for maintenance, care of grounds 
and buildings, etc., $15,000. “Revenue 
from the State Fair will provide.” Con¬ 
servation department $6,000 for printing 
syllabus of fish and game law. “No 
changes in. law warranting it.” Same 
department $10,000 for maintenance of 
fish hatcheries, traveling expenses of fish 
culturists. etc. “Funds available ought 
to be sufficient for this year.” State 
architect for traveling expenses of of¬ 
ficers and employees $10,000 and for 
furniture, blanks, etc.. $6,000. “Unne¬ 
cessary.” State Agricultural Experiment 
Station $30,000 for improvements, etc. 
“Appropriation one of convenience and 
not necessity.” Cornell Agricultural col¬ 
lege several items including one of $40,- 
000 for forestry land and timber to be 
used in instruction. “State not in posi¬ 
tion to expend so much for an entirely 
new enterprise.” Syracuse College of 
Forestry $40,000 for equipment for new 
building. “Building will not be finished 
for a long time.” State Training School 
at Hudson $3,500. “Appropriation for 
purposes which are mere guess work.” 
The total appropriations for the year 
amount to $47,570,000 against $57,960,- 
000 for 1913. j. w. d. 
8 
X 
20 
$ 64.72 
10 
X 
24 
92.23 
12 
X 
26 
118.25 
14 
X 
28 
144.65 
16 
X 
30 
173.89 
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