1914. 
883 
WHERE BOYS MAKE GOOD. 
A School That Manufactures Manhood. 
Part II. 
T HE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.—While on 
these explanations I wanted to get it all, so 
I asked: 
“What is the Lincoln Agricultural Society, to 
which you refer?” 
“Oh, that is the merit society of the school. The 
35-hoys are members. They have a meeting hall in 
the main building, and meet there weekly. They 
elect officers, and appoint committees, and conduct 
exercises. When the roll of members is called, each 
boy responds with some quotation taken during the 
week from an agricultural paper. They have de¬ 
bates and general discussions on farm subjects. 
Each member wears a society emblem, and the cul¬ 
tivation of the Lincoln spirit is one of the ideals 
of the society.” 
“Just what do you boys all 
mean by the Lincoln spirit?” 
I asked a promising boy. 
“It means making good; 
that is, doing the best one 
can, learning to serve 
others.” 
“Serving others is certain¬ 
ly a Lincoln ideal,” I said, 
“but in what way do you do 
that here?” The old institu¬ 
tional idea occurred to me, 
where the attendants were 
supposed to serve the in¬ 
mates. Here were the wards 
with the ideal of service in 
themselves. 
“We do it in the dairy,” 
he replied. “We make clean 
milk; that is for the chil¬ 
dren. And we feed clean 
milk to the calves, so they 
will become healthy cows. 
When we learn to be good 
dairymen we can help farm¬ 
ers make more milk.” 
“That would certainly be 
a service. And do you hope 
some day to have a farm of 
your own and make milk?” 
Three of the boys who 
heard the question bright¬ 
ened up, and two intimated 
that that was a possibility. 
Then I told them of the new 
Land Bank, and how a boy 
who worked for a time and 
saved his money could easily 
hope to own a farm, and 
that if he knew how to be a 
good dairyman he might be 
an important man in his 
neighborhood. 
As we returned from the 
hall field I saw plots of 
ground lined off. In these 
plots the boys conducted 
their own gardens in spare 
time. No boy was obliged 
to keep a garden, but seed is 
furnished those who wanted 
it, and a medal is awarded 
to the boy who makes the 
most of his opportunity. 
DAIRY TROUBLES.— 
When the Lincoln School 
was originally equipped some 
four or five y ears ago, it 
started off hopefully with a 
herd of Jerseys. In a short 
time the herd was tested and SO per cent of them 
reacted, indicating a tuberculous condition. This 
was disheartening. Some friends of the school were 
disposed to give up the dairy feature, hut Brother 
Barnabas saw his opportunity to apply the Lincoln 
ideal of service. lie was familiar with the reports 
of the extent of tuberculous cows in the State and 
in the whole country. lie knew the Bang system, 
and looked upon the situation as an opportunity to 
demonstrate how a healthy herd of dairy cattle 
could he built up out of a diseased herd. The Bang 
system is based on two demonstrated facts: First, 
that the pasteurized milk from cows which are in 
apparent good physical condition, hut which react 
on tuberculin test, may be used without danger for 
human food. Second, that calves from such cows 
are not infected, and if separated from their mothers 
without any contact whatever after birth, may grow 
up to be perfectly healthy animals. The law in New 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
York State provides that animals which show physi¬ 
cal symptoms of tuberculosis must be slaughtered. 
If the disease has generalized—that is to say, ap¬ 
peared in different places—the animal must he killed 
and the carcass destroyed. If, however, the disease 
is localized—that is, appears only in one place, and 
so located as not to affect the flesh—the meat may he 
sold for food. Furthermore, the healthy-looking cows 
that react may be segregated from the rest of the 
herd, and from their own calves, the milk pasteur¬ 
ized and used for food. In this case the State enters 
into a contract with the dairyman equipped safely 
to do this business. By the contract the State brands 
the cows that react; pays for them, and retains 
possession of them, and reserves the right to inspect 
them frequently, to remove them or kill them, as con¬ 
ditions warrant. If killed, the proceeds for meat, if 
used, hide, etc., go to the State. When the State 
condemns a herd at a farm not equipped for the 
MILKING TIME IN THE SANITARY STABLES AT LINCOLNDALE. Fio. 364. 
YOUNG HERDSMEN WITH AYRSHIRE STOCK AT LINCOLNDALE. Fig 
Bang system, the cows that show no physical sign 
of disease, but react, are sent to an equipped dairy 
with the view of maintaining the dairy cows of the 
State by raising healthy calves from these reacting 
cows. 
THE BANG SYSTEM.—Brother Barnabas at once 
ordered a pasteurizer, and designated the part 
of the farm south of the main road for the healthy 
cows and calves. The section north of the road was 
designated for the reacting cows. Mi 1 . Myles Tier¬ 
ney, one of the trustees of the school, built a larger 
barn for the calves and healthy cows, at a cost of 
$5,000 as his donation to the project. To replace a 
barn that was destroyed by lire, a larger fireproof 
barn has been erected and equipped with every mod¬ 
ern convenience for the care of cows and the produc¬ 
tion of pure, clean milk. When the calves of react¬ 
ing cows are dropped in this new barn they are im¬ 
mediately removed to the barn on the other side of 
the farm, and there is no possible contact thereafter. 
The boys even who care for the reacting cows have 
nothing to do with the other cows or calves. These 
calves are fed on pasteurized milk. They never get 
raw milk. A portion of oil meal is dissolved in the 
milk to prevent constipation. Some of these calves 
have already grown into milking heifers, and have 
been tested, and show no reaction. 
FEEDING THE CALVES.—At four o’clock the 
dairy boys left their game promptly for their work. 
At the new calf barn I first met the boys who do the 
work there. Pasted up in the barns I found printed 
rules for good dairying. One of these rules was that 
no calf should he fed out of a pail that was not clean 
enough for the boy to drink from. Every boy knew 
this rule by heart, and, what is more important, 
lived up to its teaching. 
THE DAIRY WORK.—The work at the regular 
dairy farm would delight the heart of any man who 
cares for a cow. There are 
two wings to this barn, each 
wing containing four sec¬ 
tions of 13 cows to a section. 
Four to five boys are as¬ 
signed to each section with a 
35-boy at the head of each 
section. From the beginning 
to the end each boy knew 
just what to do, and proceed¬ 
ed to do it with a vigor that 
was really inspiring. First 
the sawdust b e d d i n g was 
swept for w a r d from the 
drop. The droppings were 
removed. Then a boy went 
over the cows with curry¬ 
comb and brush. Then all 
traces of soil were washed 
from the legs, tail and 
flanks. The back and sides 
of the cow were rubbed 
down with a damp cloth. 
One boy then followed along 
with a pail of soft water, 
and gave the udder a thor¬ 
ough washing. Another boy 
followed with a second 
wash, and a third with still 
another pail of clean water 
gave it a third wash. Dry 
towels were then used all 
over the cow. including the 
udder. The b rooms were 
then again used and all the 
water brushed down and out 
of the d r op. This was 
sprinkled with dry shav¬ 
ings. 
PREPARATION FOR 
MILKING.—The boys then 
repaired to the large wash¬ 
room, which is provided with 
wash-basins and abundance 
of hot and cold water. After 
a thorough wash and a care¬ 
ful cleaning of the finger¬ 
nails, the boys put on a white 
suit and cap, then came back 
to the wash-bowl. The fau¬ 
cets are arranged to turn on 
the water with a trip oper¬ 
ated by the foot. The water 
flows, and the li a n d s are 
w a s h e d as it flows. Then 
the patent pail and iron 
stool are carried without 
being touched, so that the 
first thing touched by the 
hand after the final wash is 
the cow’s teat. 
CARING FOR THE MILK.—As each cow is 
milked, her product is weighed, and one boy sits at 
the scale with a chart to credit the cow with the 
weight. Another hoy does the straining. One strain¬ 
er is supplied for each section. When the milking is 
over the strainers are inspected and the section is 
scored in accordance to the cleanliness of the strain¬ 
er. The head boy is responsible for the section, and 
a new boy is required to bring his milking to him for 
inspection to make sure that it is clean. While the 
milking is going on another boy is preparing the feed, 
and the portions are based on the production of the 
cow. The boys were good milkers. I asked one how 
many he could milk at one milking. He said he had 
milked eight in an hour: but the boys seldom milk 
more than two or three cows each. I do not think 
it possible to get an equal number of men to take 
the pains that these boys observe to produce clean 
(Concluded on page 8S.J.) 
