19x4. 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
810 
CONTENTS 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER, July 11, 1914. 
FARM TOPICS. 
Fertilizer and Grass Experiments.902 
Cover Crops in Virginia.903 
Some Haying Notes.904 
Value of Crimson Clover...905 
Preventing Soil Acidity.....905 
Fitting Land for Wheat.905 
Arsenic on Grass.905 
Mixing Chemicals with Lime.905 
What Became of the Middleman.905 
Recent Experiment Station.905 
Hope Farm Notes.908 
Asparagus, Salt and Chicks.909 
Story of a Bushel of Potatoes.911 
New Jersey Crops.911 
Government Crop Reports.911 
Conditions in Ashtabula County, Ohio.911 
EVE STOCK AND DAIRY. 
Is the Poultry Business Doomed.902 
What Would You Do?.907 
What Causes Crippled Chicks?.907 
Succeeding with Ayrshire Cattle.914 
Owned Her Foal Through Fright.914 
Bloated Stock . 915 
Feeding Little Turkeys. 915 
White Diarrhoea and Germs. 915 
Calves and Sour Milk.915 
Fattening Western Sheep.916 
A Brood of “Fireless” Chicks.916 
Lessening Effect of Grass Seed.916 
Death of Calves. 916 
The Egg-Laying Contest.917 
Poor Hatches .917 
Chicks Die in Shell.917 
Goslings Going Blind.917 
Defective Hatch of Ducks.917 
Limberneck .918 
Leg Weakness in Chicks.918 
HORTICULTURE. 
Decorating the Codling Moth.902 
Facts About Hardy Catalpa.902 
Scientific Production of Fine Apples. Part III.903 
Notes from a Maryland Garden.904 
Two Methods of Strawberry Culture.905 
Removing Spring Bulbs.909 
Gooseberries .909 
New Plant Introductions......909 
WOMAN AND HOME. 
From Day to Day.912 
The Rural Patterns.912 
Seen in New York Shops.912 
“Best Yet” Lemon Pie.913 
Tomato Recipes .913 
Cooling Drinks for Summer.913 
Tested and Tried.913 
MISCELLANEOUS. 
Bees a-Swarmin’ .;.901 
The Moon and Weather Changes. 903 
Boston Markets .904 
Exploding Dynamite with Battery.905 
Events of the Week.906 
Useful College Students.....909 
Editorials . 910 
New York State News.911 
Publisher’s Desk .918 
Humorous .920 
Products, Prices and Trade. 
Wholesale Prices at New York, 
Week Ending July 3, 1914. 
MILK. 
The Borden milk schedule to producers 
for the six months beginning with April 
is ns follows, compared with last year. 
This is per 100 pounds iu the. 2G-eent 
zone. For 
the 
29 and 32-eent zones the 
schedule is 
10 
cents less for all 
months; 
1014 
1913 
April .... 
$1.50 
M ay . 
1.25 
June . 
. 1.10 
1.10 
July . 
. 1.25 
1.35 
August ... 
. 1.40 
1.45 
September 
. 1.50 
1.55 
Figuring 86 pounds to the 40-quart can 
the per quart price is as follows: April, 
8.01 cents; May, 2.47; June, 2.36; July, 
2.68; August, 3.01; September, 8.22. 
Wholesale prices paid by New York 
dealers are running $1.41 and $1.31 for 
B and C. Hotels and restaurants using 
two to three cans per day are paying 4% 
to five cents per quart. 
H UTTER. 
Receipts are large and trading only 
moderate. Some falling off in quality has 
been noted during the week, so that buy¬ 
ers for critical trade have more difficulty 
than usual in getting suitable supplies. 
There is a fair call, both for local and 
out of-town trade, in qualities ranging 
from 22 to 24 cents. 
Creamery, extra, lb. 27 © 
Good to Choice . 23 © 
Lower Grades. 20 © 
State Dairy, best. 25 & 
Common to Good. IS ® 
Factory. ]fi @ 
Packing Stock. 16 © 
Elgin, III., nutter market 26}$ cents. 
Philadelphia, western creamery, 27J4 cents. 
27 « 
26 
22 
26 
23 
21 ) 
18 
CHEESE, 
Business is a little more active, and 
dealers less ready to move their choice 
stock at the top quoted price, except to 
regular customers. 
Whole Milk, fresh, specials. 14?4© 
Average fancy. 14 © 1444 
Under grades . JO 1 *© I3«j 
Daisies. 15 @ 153s 
Skims, specials .. 11 © 11 3, 
Good to choice . 10 © ll 
Poor to fair. 5 © 94s 
EGGS. 
The proportion of uniformly fine eggs 
continues small, even in receipts from sec¬ 
tions reported to give more than ordin¬ 
ary care to candling and grading. In 
stock from nearby the same irregularity 
in quality is noted, the top figures repre¬ 
senting but a small volume of business. 
White, choice to faney, large . 27 © 28 
Common to good . 20 © 25 
Mixed colors, best. 25 © 20 
Common to good. 17 © 20 
Western fresh, white. 21 © 22 
Lower grades. 15 © 18 
FRiCSU FRUITS. 
New apples increasing in supply, sell¬ 
ing mainly at 50 cents to $1 per bushel. 
The N. Y. State packing and grading law, 
in effect July 1 applies to all N. Y. State 
growers and dealers. Those unacquaint¬ 
ed with it should get a copy from the 
Commissioner of Agriculture, Albany, 
N. Y. The boxed apple season, just end¬ 
ing, brought heavy loss to the holders. 
The fruit scalded badly iu storage and 
kept so poorly when removed that retail¬ 
ers could handle it only at high prices. 
Large quantities of good varieties have 
wholesaled at New York below $1.50 per 
box. The evident lesson from this exper¬ 
ience is that apple sales should be pushed 
to the limit during late Winter and early 
Spring, so that there will be no burden 
of holdings for June trade, when there 
is an abundance of fruit more attractive 
than old apples. Southern Le Conte 
pears are more plentiful selling at $4 to 
$6 per barrel. Some improvement in 
quality of peaches is noted, but few good 
enough to bring above $2.50 p crate. 
Strawberries from Western N. Y. are 
higher, a few bringing 20 cents, but most 
sales are between six and 14 cents. Musk- 
melons are a little higher. Prices for 
the last two weeks have been ruinous to 
growers. 
Apples—New, bu. 
Ben Davis. 
Baldwin. 
Western, box. 
Strawberries, Up-river, qt_ 
Jersey . 
Western N. Y. 
Cherries, 81b. bkt. 
Rears. Le Conte, bbt. 
Currants, qt. 
Plums. 6-bkt. carrier. 
Raspberries, red. pint. 
Black Caps, pint . 
Peaches. 6-basket crate . 
Blackberries. Jersey, qt. 
Huckleberries, qt. 
Gooseberries, qt. 
Mnskmelons. crate. 
Watermelons, lot). 
BEANS. 
Marrow. 100 lbs. . 
Medium . 
Pea . 
Red Kidney. 
White Kidney. 
Yellow Eye . 
Lima, California. 
HOPS. 
Prime to choice. 
Common to good. 
Pacific Coast . 
Old stock. 
German crop. 
25 
© 
75 
Ot) 
© 
3 
00 
.. 2 
50 
© 
3 
50 
.. 1 
UO 
@ 
2 
25 
6 
© 
11 
6 
© 
12 
S 
© 
18 
31) 
© 
60 
UO 
© 
6 
0(1 
5 
© 
8 
ou 
© 
1 
25 
6 
W 
10 
5 
© 
7 
.. 1 
25 
© 
3 
25 
.. 
8 
© 
12 
6 
© 
12 
t 
© 
II 
.. 1 
25 
© 
2 
75 
CO 
©35 
00 
75 
© 
4 
90 
IU) 
© 
3 
70 
H) 
© 
3 
65 
50 
© 
5 
.50 
all 
© 
5 
DO 
25 
© 
5 
50 
30 
© 
7 
35 
36 
© 
38 
31 
© 
35 
18 
© 
19 
10 
@ 
15 
60 
© 
63 
VEGETABLES. 
Old potatoes are scarce selling up to 
$3.50 per barrel when sound. New from 
Virginia and Eastern Shore in large sup¬ 
ply, hut demand active. String beans in 
surplus and lower. Cabbage from nearby 
plentiful, and Southern neglected, some 
going at 10 cents per barrel. Lettuce 
very low. Onions in good demand and 
higher. Peas selling well when sound. 
Potatoes-Old. ISO lbs.3 U0 © 3 75 
Bermuda, bbl, . 2 5(1 © 3 50 
Southern, new . 150 ©375 
Sweet Potatoes, bu. 40 © 1 25 
Beets, loti bunches. 1 00 © 2 50 
Oariots. bbl.:. 2 00 © 3 25 
Cucumbers, bu. 50 © 1 50 
Corn. Southern. 100 . 50 © 3 50 
Asparagus, Green, doz.150 © 3 1)0 
White.doz. 75 ©2 00 
Cabbage, bbl. crate. 10 © 1 00 
Lettuce, half-bbl. basket. 15 © 50 
Onions—Southern. New. bn. 2 50 © 3 00 
Nearby, bu. 2 00 © 2 50 
Okra, bu . 3 U0 @ 6 00 
Peppers. Southern, bu.1 00 © 2 00 
Peas, bu. 75 © 1 25 
Radishes. 100 bunches .1 00 © 2 00 
Spinach, bbl. 50 © 75 
Siring Beans, bu. 25 © 1 00 
Squash. New. bu. 150 @2 50 
Egg Plants. Southern, bu. . 1 00 © 2 00 
Tomatoes.Southern,6 bkt. crate .... 50 © 1 50 
Jersey, box . 100 © 150 
LIVE POULTRY. 
Broilers, lb. 23 @ 26 
Fowls . is © I 844 
Roosters. u @ 12 
Ducks. 13 © 14 
Geese. 10 © 11 
DRESSED POULTRY. 
Chicken sehoice broilers, lb. 35 © 37 
Squab broilers, pair. 60 © 80 
Broilers, common to good . 25 @ 30 
Fowls. 15 @ 174S 
Ducks, Spring. 15 © 16 
Geese . 9 @ 14 
Squabs, doz. 1 50 © 3 75 
HAY AND STRAW. 
The market is dull on all hay. but the 
high grades of Timothy. Straw is plenti¬ 
ful, but unchanged in price. 
Hay. Timothy No. ’. ton . 19 50 @20 50 
No. 2.17 00 @19 00 
No. 3 .15 00 ©16 Oi) 
Clover mixed.11 00 ©18 00 
Straw, Rye .U DO @15 00 
LIVE STOCK. 
Native Steers. 7 25 © 900 
Bulis. 560 @735 
Cows. 3 50 © 6 75 
Calves, prime veal, 100 lbs. S5U @1125 
Culls ... . ... 6 011 © S DO 
Sheep. 100 lbs. 3 50 © 5 25 
Lambs . 9 50 © 9 75 
Hogs. 8 50 © S 60 
GRAIN. 
Wheat. No. 1. NorthernSpring. 97 © 
No. 2. Red . 88 © .. 
No. 2. Hard Winter, new .... 88 © 
Corn, as to quality, bush. ?2 © 78 
Oats, as to weight, bush. 42 © 44 
Rye . 6S © 69 
RETAIL PRICKS AT NEW YORK. 
These are not the highest or lowest current 
prices, but are fairly representative of what the 
majority of New York consumers pay: 
Eggs, fancy white, doz. 40 @ 42 
Mixed colors, new laid. 30 © 35 
Ordinary grades. 2tl © 25 
Batter, fancy prints, lb. 32 © 34 
Tub. choice. 27 @ 29 
Chickens, roasting, lb. 30 © 33 
Fowls. 25 © 28 
Leg of lamb.. 16 @ 18 
Lamb chops. 18 @ 20 
Roasting beef . 18 © 20 
* 
Statistics show that immigration was 
180.000 less than the previous year and 
70.000 have left during the year, making 
a labor total of 250.000 fewer than a 
year ago. 
* 
Ninety-five New England cotton mills 
have declared semi-annual dividends 
amounting to $2,800,954, on capitaliza¬ 
tion of $121,120,100, or approximately at 
the yearly rate of 4.64 per cent. 
* 
The Geological Survey gives our pro¬ 
duction of petroleum during 1918 as 
248,446.230 barrels, or about 24,000,000 
more than the previous year. The price 
advanced 95.4 cents per barrel, making 
a gain in value of the whole yield of 44.4 
per cent. 
* 
One fact that is likely to help hold 
the present advanced prices of wool is the 
shortage in the Argentine clip. Great 
quantities of Argentine sheep have been 
slaughtered for meat. Throughout North¬ 
ern Montana many of the largest clips 
of wool have been sold at 20 ce-ts. Prices 
of domestic fleeces in Boston have ranged 
from 25 to 28 cents. 
* 
The last week in June. 24,000 quar¬ 
ters of beef and 2.000 carcasses 
of mutton were shipped from Argen¬ 
tina to the L T nited States. Total ship¬ 
ments since Jan. 1 were 433,000 quar¬ 
ters of beef. 00.000 carcasses of mutton 
and 50.1X10 of lamb. In 1013 London re¬ 
ceived 1,906,105 quarters of beef. 8,339,- 
114 carcasses of mutton and lamb, from 
Australia, New Zealand and South 
America. 
Care of Indian Runner Ducks. 
T HOSE who have raised other breeds 
of ducks, with good success, some¬ 
times fail utterly with Indian Run¬ 
ners, and complain of their being delicate. 
If a few rules are followed there is no 
trouble iu raising a large per cent of the 
hatches. Of course it begins with the 
breeding stock. Select vigorous mature 
birds and mate those not akin, five ducks 
to one drake, and not too large a flock, 
so every one has a good chance at the 
feed and water. Let water be clean and 
shells kept before them always. Cracked 
corn is good for a night feed, especially in 
cold weather, but the main feed should 
be mash, never sloppy, but just to the 
crumbly state, and consisting of equal 
parts wheat bran and corn meal, one- 
fourth the bulk Alfalfa meal, one-fifth 
beef scrap, and one per cent, oil meal. 
Confine them in a house or small yard 
at night, and do not let them go before 
10 a. m., when all eggs will be laid and 
can be gathered, washed and put in the 
cellar. Duck eggs spoil very quickly, 
and must be kept cool. If to be used for 
hatching, turn every day and do not keep 
them over a week if a good hatch is ex¬ 
pected. Indian Runners are excellent 
layers. If fed for it they will begin at 
4*4 months old and lay steadily a good 
part of the year. 
The eggs bring as much as, or more, 
than fancy white hens’ eggs in the city 
market. Duck eggs require much moist¬ 
ure during incubation. If placed under 
a hen, dip in warm water every fourth 
day and the twenty-eighth day wet nest 
thoroughly. If iu incubator, sprinkle 
with warm water every other day. Duck¬ 
lings pip the shell and then lie idle 24 
hours or longer before coming out. When 
taken from the incubator place in a 
warm brooder or in a covered box in a 
warm room and never let them chill. If 
hatched with a hen do not let her raise 
them, she will kill more than she saves. 
The first feed, given four or five times 
a day is equal parts dry bread and oat 
flake moistened with warm water. After 
three days omit bread and substitute 
equal parts bran and cornmeal. After 
three days more give the same feed as 
to laying ducks, except that one per cent, 
grit is added. Warm water is given with 
each feed in very shallow dishes. Hot 
sun, wind and wet are fatal. They grow 
rapidly and get their second feathers at 
about 12 weeks. Weight is about three 
pounds at 10 weeks and all culls and sur¬ 
plus drakes can be marketed at that 
time. Let it be understood the Runners 
are not market birds. They are called 
the Leghorn of the duck family, and are 
well worth raising for egg production. 
However they make fine meat and are 
much preferred by many to the larger 
breeds. A swimming pond is not neces¬ 
sary for them, but a bath once in a while 
greatly improves their appearance and is 
much enjoyed. mrs. niles guoveb. 
A little girl, finishing her breakfast 
hash, looked up quaintly: “Mother,” she 
asked, "what is hash when' it's alive?”— 
Chicago Record Herald. 
FARMERS’ SF.CUR11Y BUREAU. NEW YORK 
Agoney Famous for Reliable Farm Help. No 
Branch. SIDNEY SULLIVAN, Expert, 99 Nassau Street 
The FARMERS’ BUREAU Mr 
a^rk nltural help. Only first cIaa* farm help and positions solic¬ 
ited. References investigated. Scientific advice on farm prob¬ 
lems. Dept. U, loO X&aaau St., N. Y. Rhone, 5o6j Beckman 
Subscribers’ Exchange 
Complying with several suggestions received 
recently, we open a department here to enable 
RURAL NEW-YORKER readers to supply each 
other's wants. If you want to buy or sell or 
exchange, make it known here. This Rato wilt 
be 5 Cents a word, payable in advance. The 
name and address must be counted as part of 
the advertisement. Copy must reach us not 
later than Friday to appear in the following 
week. No display type used, and only Farm 
Products, Help and Positions Wanted admitted. 
For subscribers only, Dealers, jobbers and gen¬ 
eral manufacturers’ announcements not admit¬ 
ted here. Poultry, Eggs and other live stock 
advertisements will go under proper headings on 
other pages. Seed and Nursery advertisements 
will not be accepted for this column. 
WANTED—Reliable married man to run 100- 
acre farm in Berkshire Mountains: state sal¬ 
ary and experience. FARM, P. O. BOX 200. 
Madison Square. New York. 
WANTED—Young man. 20 years old. wishes 
work on farm, best references as to character: 
no experience, but willing to learn. CHAS. K. 
BROWNE. KitzmiUer. Md. 
WANTED AT ONCE—Single, sober man. be¬ 
tween 30 or 35 years, bandy with tools, for 
general farm work; good milker and driver: $30 
a month with board. L. E. PALMER. Supt.. 
Warren Dairy Farms, Richfield Spa. N. Y. 
POSITION WANTED—Young man of 22, on 
large stock farm or gentleman's estate: At 
hand around horses and cattle: can furnish At 
reference in regards to honesty, temperance and 
ability. JOHN T. HERRON, Arlington. N. Y. 
R. F. D. 5. 
MARRIED FIRST-CLASS AMERICAN FARMER 
wishes position as caretaker on gentleman's 
estate, or would accept farm foreman’s position: 
canable taking full charge of farm: one child: 
references furnished. LOCK BOX 424, Southing¬ 
ton, Conn. 
WANTED—Position by Cornell graduate as man¬ 
ager of a truck and fruit farm or estate; can 
organize a new up-to-date market garden or 
orchard: advanced theoretical training and con¬ 
siderable experience: permanent imsition con¬ 
sidered only. Address I. G. M., care It. X.-Y., 
333 West 30th St., New York. 
POSITION WANTED—Take charge farm or 
country place: experienced farmer, gardener, 
poultryinan; understand making, selling pure 
milk, cream, butter; raising purebred stock; 
wages reasonable for first-class service; Ameri¬ 
can, 45; correspondence invited: references given 
and required. BOX 615. Litchfield. Conn. 
ALFALFA nAY. F. P. ERKENBECK. Fayette¬ 
ville. N. Y. 
SEVERAL CYPHERS 400-EGG INCUBATORS 
to sell for want of use. C. T. HAMILTON. 
Greenlawn, N. Y. 
FOR SALE—No. 10 De Laval Cream Separator. 
but little used and in first-class condition. 
Apply L. L. BROWNE. New Canaan, R. D. 32. 
Conn. 
TIMBER LOTS AND POULTRY FARM for sale. 
M. W.. care R. N.-Y., 333 West 30th St.. 
New York. 
—Fine house, water, fruit; 
cows; 1t.j miles to depot. 
N. Y. 
good barn; keep 25 
BOX 24, Rockland, 
FOR SALE—Choice farm of 100 acres. Another 
of 50 acres. Near Wolcott, N. Y.; plenty of 
fruit. Come and see, or write to A. H. CHEQUE, 
Wolcott. N. Y. 
FOR SALE—Farm, 139 acres, all improved, well 
watered, good producer; house 11 rooms; three 
barns; other buildings; price low. easy terms. 
GEO. A. MATTESON, Uathboue. New York. 
FOR SALE—Two farms; one- up-to-date chicken 
farm, 30 acres: buildings for 1,000 hens. Also 
a sheep and dairy farm of 150 acres. Five camp 
lots on Otsego Lake. K. E. WHITE, Coopers- 
town, N. Y. 
FOR SALE OR RENT—Immediate possession. 
77-acre farm near Somerville. N. J.; new mod¬ 
ern bank barn, farm and tenant house; good out¬ 
buildings: plenty fruit, etc.; commuting dis¬ 
tance; details on request. A. B. CORNELL, 
Somerville, N. J. 
FARM FOR SALE—Large, nice house: six other 
large buildings; 75 acres land; good farm or 
fine location for Summer home: reduced price if 
sold before August 1st: easy terms. MRS. 
MINNIE C. STANWOOD DUNN, Middletown, 
Conn. P. O. Box 911. 
FARM OF EIGHTY ACRES, in Northern Penn¬ 
sylvania; highly fertile; residence with all 
modern improvements: tenant house: on State 
highway, two miles from growing town of 2.000; 
churches, schools and public library. CHARLES 
E. BULLOCK, Canton, Pa. 
FOR SALE—Boarding house, established fifteen 
years; accommodates fifty guests; with 128-acre 
dairy farm; will keep forty cows: milk station 
on farm; everything in first-class shape. Price, 
including growing crops, $11,000. Immediate 
possession: easy terms; photos and particulars 
011 application. Address WILLOW BROOK COT¬ 
TAGE, Wallkill. N. Y. 
FOR SALE—Finest market garden in Central 
Massachusetts, five miles from Worcester; 24 
acres in high state of cultivation; 12 under Skin¬ 
ner irrigation, two iu asparagus, balance now iu 
garden crops and hay; greenhouse 120 by 30: 
good variety fruit: house and barn in excellent 
condition; electricity throughout; new shed: 
ample room for all wagons and tools. BOX 188, 
West Boylston, Mass. 
DO YOU NEED FARM HELP 
We have many able-bodied young men both with 
and without fanning experience, who wish to work 
on farms. If you need a good, steady, sober man, 
write for an order blank. Ours is a philanthropic 
organization and we make no charge to employer 
or employee. Onr object is the encouragement of 
farming among Jews. THE JEWISH AGRICULTURAL 
SOCIETY, 178 Second Avenue. New York City. 
SHERMAN SQUARE HOTEL 
Broadway iBlock Front! 7Qth and 71st Sts.. New York 
Express subway station at door. Most convenient location uptown. A residential hotel 
away from all the dust and noise of busy sections and yet iu point of time downtown. 
Rooms with use of bath, $1, $1.50, $2 and $2.50 
Rooms with private bath, $3.50 and upward 
Suites in 2, 3 and 4 rooms with bath, furnished or unfurnished, by day or 
annual lease 
Write for further information or reservations. 
