834 
THE RURAL* NEW-YORKER 
July 18, 
Live Stock and Dairy 
LIVE STOCK INSTITUTE. 
HE picture below shows an in¬ 
cident during the Travelling Farm¬ 
ers’ Institute in North Dakota on live 
stock trains from the city. Some of the 
best animals at the station were carried 
on a thousand-mile trip to sei’ve as an 
illustration for lectures. This work was 
done over a part of the State wlxei’e lit¬ 
tle institute work has been done. The 
stock was carried in a box car, at each 
end of which was a flat car on which the 
animals were brought out for a demons¬ 
tration. 
The cattle wei’e unloaded wherever pos¬ 
sible and a ring formed in some level 
place where the audience could be seat¬ 
ed. Then the animal would be brought 
into this ring for exhibition, with some 
expert to show off bis good points and 
tell his stox’y. The plan was to take 
along a type of cattle and sheep which 
would be well adapted to the country 
where the institute was held. The key¬ 
note of the speeches was the fact that 
good sires were necessary, and that it 
would be better for a community to com¬ 
bine and buy one of high class rather 
than take the same amount of money and 
work, and possibly want more care and 
attention while in operation, but in each 
and all of them, three things are the 
important things, and failure to do good 
work can, as a rule, be traced to them. 
First, the engine must run true, and uni¬ 
form, and not spurt, or slack down, as 
this has a bad effect upon the teat cups 
and pull. The man who supervises the 
milking, must have judgment, and adjust 
the rings in the teat cups to the needs of 
the particular cow. Easy milkers want 
a soft X’ing with lai’ge opening, medium 
milking cows want another size, and hard 
milkers want the cups fitted with a heavy 
ring, and small orifice to pull harder, and 
not slip up on to the udder and fill the 
cup so full there can be no exit for the 
milk. Possibly the young heifer will 
want a yet smaller, soft l'iug. These are 
the things to be watched out for and ad¬ 
justed. It only takes two seconds to 
substitute rings. The other thing to be 
looked out for is running the engine too 
fast and causing uneasiness with the cow. 
Have the pulsations as near hand work 
as you can. Then you ai’e milking four 
streams, against two by hand. Keep an 
eye out when the machines are running 
and know that cow and machine are in 
“sympathy,” and before you let a machine 
loose, feel of the udder and see if it is 
BEEF CATTLE AT A DAKOTA It. It. INSTITUTE. 
purchase three or four of inferior breed¬ 
ing. The interest in pure live stock 
throughout North Dakota is growing con¬ 
stantly. After a long period of growing 
wheat and flax a Dakota farmer needs 
some form of live-stock husbandry for 
the sake of the soik For a long time it 
was claimed that corn could not be suc¬ 
cessfully grown in North Dakota. Now 
varieties have been worked out which will 
ripen during the short season and hardy 
strains of Alfalfa can also be grown in 
the State. Thus with corn and Alfalfa, 
the live stock business becomes promising 
and the station is doing good work in 
carrying these facts up and out to the 
farmers. _ 
THAT MILKING MACHINE. 
HAVE little new to add to a former 
article on page 41S. The machines 
are still milking as in the past, and some¬ 
thing like 1,000 new machines were set 
up in Northern Ohio during March. The 
sales indicate that many dairymen are 
seeking the once supposed impossible and 
now finding it not so impossible as it then 
appeared. For the last week I have been 
interviewing by ’phone and word o’ 
mouth, the farmers who are using these 
machines daily, and my first question is 
“What are the weak points in the milk¬ 
ing machine you use?” and the gist of 
the replies is. “The man who runs the 
machine.” This must be taken into con¬ 
sideration, whatever kind or make of 
machine used. While not complicated, 
they are of necessity of fine adjustment, 
and the machine must be kept in order, 
its parts working smoothly. Men have all 
sorts of luck running farm' machinery. 
Some men cannot run a farm wagon suc¬ 
cessfully. A milking machine will not 
go to the lot, get the cows, start itself, 
and do the operation of milking without 
some supervision and knowing that every¬ 
thing is working smoothly. 
Some machines have many more parts 
than others, a different plan of doing the 
slack, and if not, handle it a little and 
let the machine pull a half moment long¬ 
er. I find that some men after milking 
go down the line with a pail and see if 
all the cows are clean milked, and now 
and then find a cow with a litie milk, 
possibly a pint, still back. Other men 
rely wholly upon the feeling of the udder 
when removing the cups. Now and then 
a cow will not give down, and hand milk¬ 
ing does not always get it at that time. 
One cow in a hundred, possibly, will not 
become reconciled to the machine and 
has to be hand milked. 
“You have to look sharp all the time.” 
I said to a milker. “l r es, why shouldn’t 
I? This four-milker is milking against 
six men. It pays me to look sharp. It 
is saving me money.” This man was 
milking 36 cows alone, night and morn¬ 
ing, and Neighbor Kent’s two boys are 
milking over 50 cows. 
Are these machine-milked cows holding 
out in milk yield? I was told by a 
strange dairyman that they wei’e milking 
up to the freshening period, when all 
cows are dried, fully as well as they did 
in hand milking days and the yeai'ly 
yields are as great. It is better to milk 
a heifer with the machine befoi’e the 
calf ever sucks. The machine then is 
her calf from the start. There is a 
belief that cows are better started in 
when fresh rather than farther along in 
lactation. 
Are the machines short-lived? Not if 
taken care of, and kept in adjustment. 
There is very little wear. That all comes 
of cup rings, and pump packing and 
where vacuum pails and the like are used, 
see that the packing does not leak air. 
Otherwise a machine should last for 
years, whatever the make of machine. 
Do the cows break in easy to milk? As 
a rule yes. A cow always hand milked 
at the front may be disturbed some at 
the start to have the machine attached 
from the other side as must be when two 
machines are run in company. A kick¬ 
er as a rule submits at once without 
protest or kick to the operation of the 
milker. joiin gould. 
The Law About Milk Cans. 
I ENCLOSE letter from a Mr. Walsh, 
and was this morning served with 
summons made return, ble in 20 days 
in Supreme Court of Kings County, N. 
Y. I do not understand just what the 
charge is, but believe that Walsh visits 
milk producers, and, if foreign cans are 
found, serves notice that they are liable 
to a fine. I understand that he gets his 
living from the fines or fees. What is 
the law about this? reader. 
New York. 
Section 270 to 274 of the General 
Business Law of New Y 7 ork provides that 
no person shall, without the consent of 
owner, shipper or his agent, use, sell, 
dispose of or traffic in any milk can which 
has the name or initial of the owner 
stamped, marked or fastened on it. If 
one does use, etc., any such can, it is 
presumptive evidence that its use is un¬ 
lawful. The can may be taken posession 
of by the owner or his agent wherever 
found, and a violation subjects the of¬ 
fender to a forfeit of $50 for every vio¬ 
lation. The action may be brought in 
the name of any agent without joining the 
owner of the cans. 
These provisions appear to give the 
owner of marked bottles authority to 
follow the bottles and briixg action in a 
county where the owner lives, which may 
be far from the place where the bottles 
are found. 
The intent of the law is to prevent milk 
cans, which are expensive property, being 
diverted from their owners. There are a 
number of inspectors to look after this 
work. Mr. Walsh being one, and at least 
part of their pay comes from the fines 
collected. Possession with consent of 
previous owner is lawful, so any man who 
buys, trades or has milk cans bearing 
another man’s initials given him should 
be sure to get written consent of the pre¬ 
vious owner specifying the identical cans. 
This protects him against suit or annoy- 
ance. 
Strong Butter. 
W ILL you give me information about 
separator butter? It gets sti’ong 
within two weeks. G. M. 
Williamson, N. Y. 
C" 
There are several things which might 
cause butter to become sti’ong or rancid. 
In the first place, the milk must be kept 
as clean and free from bacteria as pos¬ 
sible until it goes into the separator. 
There is considerable probability, espe¬ 
cially in warm weather, that the milk 
pails may carry bacteria. Utensils con¬ 
taining milk need more than an ordinary 
amount of scrubbing in order to keep 
them clean. Milk will dry into the seams 
and rough places unless the greatest care 
is used to prevent it, and it is sure to 
cause trouble. Thorough scalding of all 
milk utensils is advisable, but a good 
scouring powder, with plenty of elbow 
grease is most esential. The same is true 
of the separator. All separators have 
plenty of places for milk to collect, and 
in some separators tlxei’e are lots of places 
hard to get at. The cream should be 
cooled immediately after separation, and 
not mixed with older cream until cold. 
After churning it is necessary to wash 
the buttermilk from the butter quite com¬ 
pletely or the buttermilk will soon de¬ 
velop objectionable flavors. In warm 
weather the butter is apt to “come soft,” 
and then it is difficult to remove the but¬ 
termilk completely. Churning should be 
at a sufficiently low temperature so that 
the butter will come in shot-like granules, 
and when in this condition should be thor¬ 
oughly washed with cold water. Then, of 
course, the butter should be kept in a 
place where it cannot absorb strong odors 
from outside. C. L. M. 
Fly Blankets for Cows. 
1 AM informed that enterprising dairy¬ 
men put fly blankets on their cows 
during the day while on pasture to 
spare them the annoyance of flies. Is this 
done from a humanitarian standpoint for 
the comfort of the cows, or from the 
standpoint of increased product? 
Flemington, N. J. M. n. G. 
Mostly because the cows do better when 
thus protected. Some dairymen do con¬ 
sider comfort first, but most of them are 
after more milk, and they find that the 
protected cow does better. This plan is 
sometimes tried with calves and young 
stock, and it pays. 
"The TROUBLE-PROOF SPREXDElt 
is the choice of the business far¬ 
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and better work in less time than 
any other machine. It took us 15 
years to perfect this mechanical 
masterpiece which we know to be 
100% EFFICIENT 
Thoroughly pulverizes the manure, spreads it wider 
and more evenly than any other spreader. Easy to 
load, since sides are only 41 inches above ground. 
Bed is from 8 to 6 inches deeper than any other so- 
called “low down” spreader. Built for thorough 
work and lasting service. 
FREE 
Circular in Colors and 
Descriptive Catalog 
Gives reasons why “Nisco” and “New Idea” are 
the "Best Spreaders on Wheels.” Shows why our 
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spreader question for all times by writing us Today. 
New Idea Spreader Co., Box 17 Coldwater, 0. 
Cow-Ease 
Prevents Ticks. 
KEEPS 
FLIES OFF 
_ Cattle and Horses 
and allows cows to feed in peace, making 
More Milk and More Money for you. 
A clean, harmless liquid preparation, ap¬ 
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condition, and saves five times its cost in 
extra milk. 
TRIAL OFFER 
If your dealer cannot supply 
you, send us his name ana 
$1.25, and we wiil deliver 
repaid to your address a ft 
alf-gallon can of COW- -S 
EASE and SPRAYER for 
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Satisfaction or Money Back. 
CARPENTE R=M ORTON CO. 
BOSTON, MASS. 
I 
Only $2 Down 
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Buys the Hew Butter¬ 
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easy cleaning, close skim¬ 
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a lifetime. Skims 95 qts. 
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larger nizos up to 5 1 -2 shown her 
30 Davs’Free Trial Earns its own con 
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221 2 Marshall Blvd. CHICAGO 
STANCHIONS 
are made of high carbon steel, WOOD 
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full line of Sanitary Stalls, including 
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saving barn equipment. Write for it today. 
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HORSE LAME? 
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for bone, bog, and blood 
spavin, rinsjbone, curb, soft bunches, splint, etc. 50 cent*, post¬ 
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THE GRAND RAPIDS 
VETERINARY COLLEGE 
Offers a Three Years’ Course in Veterinary Science 
Complying with all the requirements of the U. S. 
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$1 Package 
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BOOKS WORTH BUYING 
£ Law for the American Farmer, Green 1.50 S 
£ Insects of Farm and Garden. Treat. 1.50 = 
= Black’s Medical Dictionary. 2.50 = 
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