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II Live Stock and Dairy || 
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“H 1 
MILKING MACHINE. 
ERE is what the milking machine 
is doing for us,” declared Earl 
Sparling, of Ashtabula County, Ohio, as 
he leaned over the hoe handle. “Father 
was able to get along without me while I 
attended Ohio State, and work is going 
along so nicely I believe I can get away 
and canvass this Summer and things 
will do pretty well without me. We used 
to keep an extra hired man, paying him 
$30 a month, when I was at home, then 
there was my father and my kid brother, 
besides. Now this hired man has been 
eliminated and we are using a deaf and 
dumb fellow at $12 a month, and getting 
along better. Father this year added to 
our farm about GO acres, did a lot of 
tiling, planted 20 acres each of corn and 
oats, and we are getting ready for 20 
acres of buckwheat. The work is run¬ 
ning more smoothly than ever before just 
because the milking machine has en¬ 
abled us to reduce our work to a system. 
“This is the way we have planned our 
work. The kid brother, now 16 years, 
gets up the cows, has them in the barn 
at exactly five o’clock. Then he starts 
the milker. He milks the herd alone in 
an hour and empties the milk. Previously 
THE KURAL 
night. 1 like to milk by hand yet I would 
rather milk 40 cows with the machine 
than five by hand. We have had no 
expense on the machine, no trouble and 
our cows which are grade Holsteins, 
seemed to like the machine as well as I 
do. We have had the milker about four 
months and see no reason why it should 
not last for years. There is nothing to 
it, it is mighty simple, and for washing 
we have sisters, and they find it no hard 
work to wash the machine in connection 
with the milk things. We keep the parts 
in brine water after flushing, and twice 
a week give a thorough washing. 
The father was asked his opinion of 
the machine: “Well, it is the greatest 
thing for the dairy farmer that was ever 
invented; it lets me out of milking, and 
I guess it has paid for itself.” 
WALTER JACK. 
NEW-YORKER 
odor to the milk is evidence of something 
in the food tainting it, of lack of cleanli¬ 
ness in the utensils used or of absorption 
from bad odors in the air. If your cows 
cannot obtain access to tainting food the 
cause of the odor must be looked for in 
the care of the milk or the utensils con¬ 
taining it. Only a careful investigation 
can determine the cause of the trouble. 
With cows on good pasture the probabil¬ 
ities are that this milk absorbs its odor 
from something with which it comes in 
contact. ii. r. d. 
E 
MERGEXCY FARM HARNESS.— 
Every farmer needs an extra liar- 
few farms with- 
and enough parts 
harness, but the 
is that of tugs, 
about 65 cents a 
Transmission of Bovine Tuberculosis. 
H 
shown that bovine 
been, or can be, 
the animal to the 
milk from a tuber- 
L. v. D. 
AS it ever been 
tuberculosis has 
transferred from 
human by using the 
culous cow? 
Indiana. 
It is generally accepted among scien¬ 
tists best qualified to judge that bovine, 
or animal tuberculosis can be and is 
transmitted to humans, especially to chil¬ 
dren, through milk. The best evidence of 
this seems to be the finding of the germs 
of tuberculosis of the animal type in hu- 
A BUNCH OF WHITE-FACED BEEF CATTLE. 
it required three of us to do this. While 
he is getting the cows and milking I get 
the horses from the pasture, feed and 
harness them, and have them ready for 
the field at six o’clock. We have break¬ 
fast at that time. While we are caring 
for the herd and the horses, father and 
the boy are doing other chores. Some¬ 
times the man helps my brother strip the 
cows, but one does the milking all alone, 
and he has no trouble with the machine. 
It seems to be so simple there can be no 
trouble. In the evening the brother 
comes from his work early, has the cows 
in the barn at five o’clock and at six 
o’clock we are all ready for supper. The 
horses are cared for and the chores are 
done. There is not the drudgery about 
the dairy that there used to be. I just 
tried out milking the other morning and 
I handled the 20 cows myself and ate a 
hasty breakfast in one hour. I had my 
brother there to show me a little and help 
empty the milk, but I found the changing 
of pails, the moving about of the small 
individual suction pumps and the at¬ 
tachment of the teat cups 
cult yet, though I was 
handling the teat cups, 
milks the cows practically 
we do check over the work 
Father and brother think 
doing better than 
milked by hand. 
man beings, and this has frequently been 
done. It is, of course, impossible to in¬ 
oculate human beings with the germs of 
tuberculosis from cattle for the sake of 
demonstrating the possibility of doing so, 
but when these germs which originate and 
belong in cattle are found in the tuber¬ 
culosis areas within human beings, it is 
a fair assumption that they came from 
cattle, and this they could do only 
through the milk used as food. It is now 
believed that many, if not the majority, 
of cases of tuberculosis in adults owe 
their origin to germs which have been 
taken in with the food in infancy or 
childhood and have remained latent, or 
inactive, until later in life. There can be 
no absolute proof of this but the history 
of many cases seems to show the prob¬ 
ability, at least, of it. si. B. D. 
W"h« 
fat? 
not very diffi- 
clumsy about 
The machine 
dry, although 
with the pail, 
the cows are 
heretofore when they 
The machine cost us 
$182, including the engine, which is 1 y 2 
horse power. This is ample for the three 
units, one cow to the unit, and we have 
an extra pail with which to change. We 
had our driving rod sawed at tlm local 
mill, which slightly reduced the expense 
of the installation. 
“When I graduated at the high school 
I was mighty tired of the farm, because 
I did not like milking, but now father and 
I have been talking over a proposition of 
putting on about 40 cows, read up the 
men who advertise purebreds, and when 
I am out of college next year we will 
make the milking machine serve us to its 
capacity.” 
Just then the “kid brother” came from 
the field, and he approved his brother’s 
statements, and added: “I had no 
trouble with the machine from the first 
Increasing Butter Fat. 
is the matter with my cows 
they do not give better butter- 
I am milking four Jerseys and 
four Holsteins. Some have been fresh 
since October, 1913, some three or four 
months. I feed stock feed, two quarts to 
a cow. and have been feeding gluten feed 
one quart. Test fell below 3% and fla¬ 
vor was bad. j. e. d. 
Orange Co., N. Y. 
The feeding and care of your cows has 
little or nothing to do with the richness 
of their milk. The amount of butterfat 
in a cow’s milk is determined by the na¬ 
ture of the cow and cannot be materially 
changed by any method of feeding or by 
any kind or quantity of feed. It seems 
strange that a mixture of Jersey and 
Holstein milk should drop below 3'A in 
butterfat as the Holstein milk alone 
should equal that percentage and the 
Jersey milk should exceed it. With such 
cows as you describe, I should be very 
suspicious of the accuracy of a test that 
registered below 3% in butterfat. Can 
you not have a fair sample of the mixed 
milk tested at some other creamery or by 
entirely disinterested parties? The milk 
should be mixed immediately after milk¬ 
ing and the sample taken before any 
cream had separated. I agree with you 
that your milk should test 4 % or better, 
and it should test fully as much on pas¬ 
ture alone as with grain feed. A bad 
ness, and there are 
out old liames, straps, 
to more than build a 
most serious question 
Chain tugs are cheap, 
pair at the local hardware, but then 
comes the question of how to protect the 
horse from the tugs rubbing the animal. 
That’s easy. There probably is an old 
bicycle tire in the granary, and if not, a 
neighbor boy has one that has been dis¬ 
carded. Just chop the tire in two equal 
lengths with an axe. Slip each half over 
the chain and fasten the part by passing 
a cord through the tire and a link, and let 
the tire extend back past where it will 
rub tin* horse's sides. I know a farmer 
who made a harness of an old set of 
hames, some old straps, chain tugs and a 
bicycle tire. This harness has done effi¬ 
cient service for several years. 
Quiet Driving. —It is not always the 
man who crowds the team to the limit 
who gets the most work done. There is a 
young man in the neighborhood who does 
much day work. He is particularly pop¬ 
ular with one farmer because he drives 
the horses to and from the field on the 
gallop, lie is continually yelling at the 
animals, and when he is using a team 
everything is on the jump, and 
citement is about as keen as it 
Wild West reel in a motion 
theatre. We have used the 
and comparing him with the hired hand 
we now have find that with all of his use¬ 
less “hollering,” his running the team, 
tearing to pieces wagons and sleds, he 
does much less than the present hired 
man. The team accomplishes more 
with greater ease and on less feed 
the ex- 
is on a 
picture 
young man, 
under the 
Ohio. 
day hand. 
w. 
work 
than 
J. 
I* 
ing 
The 
that an 
will- 
is 
Fur-producing Sheep. 
will be surprising to learn 
American agricultural college 
to go to war for the sake of sheep. 
Kansas Agricultural College has 
sent one of its experts, I)r. R. K. No- 
bours, into the heart of Central Asia. 
He will be accompanied by a guard of 
Russian Cossacks, as the journey is one 
involving danger and privation. Dr. No- 
bours is sent to Asia to study fur farm¬ 
ing. The object is to learn how to make 
fur grow on a sheep’s back in the place 
of wool. The Karakule breed of sheep 
produces such a fur, and when these 
sheep are crossed upon our native breeds 
we have a sheepskin which when proper¬ 
ly handled will take the place of some of 
the wild furs, which have long been used 
as Winter garment for human beings. 
Two years ago we had a series of arti¬ 
cles on this fur farming as started in 
Texas. The business has developed well, 
and it has been demonstrated that cross¬ 
es of the Karakule sheep on some of our 
improved breeds would really give us a 
substitute for Persian lamb and astra- 
chan fur. It is well worth the expense 
and danger of such a trip to learn how 
these fur-bearing sheep are handled, and 
to bring some of them home. 
As all know, the wild fur-bearing ani¬ 
mals are being rapidly exterminated, 
while the demand for fur garments grows 
faster than ever before. The result is 
inevitable Fur-bearing animals must be 
grown in captivity, or, at least, under 
human control in order to keep pace with 
the demand for high-class furs. Thus we 
have reports of skunk farming, fox farm¬ 
ing, and mink farming, for the purpose of 
breeding and rearing these fur-bearing 
animals. We also hear of cat farming, in 
moist and cool countries where pure black 
cats can be raised to produce a thick and 
heavy fur. The future promises fair re¬ 
turns in this fur farming, and we shall 
probably be obliged to look to cross-bred 
sheep for a large proportion of fur gar¬ 
ments of moderate cost in the future. It 
is remarkable how the demand for furs 
is increasing. In describing the costume 
worn by a party of rich and beautiful 
women at a reception in New York re¬ 
cently, it is said that one of them wore a 
magnificent skunk-trimmed cloak, which, 
of course, meant a cloak trimmed with 
the finer fur from skunks. Thus we have 
an animal degraded and despised in the 
country, forming a part of the most beau¬ 
tiful costume which the city belle could 
think of. 
August 29, 
When you write advertisers mention The 
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