1914. 
THE RURAI> NEW-YORKER 
1087 
ORGANIZING THE LAND BANK. 
HE preparations for the organization of the Land 
Bank of the State of New York are progressing 
rapidly. Thirty-five of the local associations have 
applied for membership, bringing resources of over $25,- 
000,000. The requirements of the law for organizing the 
Land Bank have now been completed, but it is short a 
part of the capital necessary to be subscribed betore the 
bank may begin business. This is, however, being sub¬ 
scribed and those locations which wish to become charter 
members in the Bank, and help elect directors and com¬ 
plete the working organization should send in their 
applications at once. The sub-committee are now pre¬ 
paring draft of by-laws, and the organization will prob¬ 
ably become a reality within a L*w weeks. It will 
then be ready to do business as soon as the full limit of 
$100,000 capital has been subscribed. It is not at all 
necessary that fanners have separate local associa¬ 
tions from the towns and cities. They may associate 
themselves with associations already existing, or as¬ 
sociate with town and city people in the organization 
of new associations. Of course, where no opportunity 
exists for such association farmers may organize local 
associations among themselves. The Jewish farmers at 
Centreville, Sullivan County, have already so organized. 
The Rural Savings and Loan Association has been or¬ 
ganized by Tite R. N.-Y. force and is now ready for 
business, and charter membership in the Land Bank. 
Shares in this association may be subscribed by any 
person, male or female, and they share in all the bene¬ 
fits, except that loans on mortgages are restricted by law 
to 50 miles from the office. Loans on the stock of the 
Company may, however, be made to members, wher¬ 
ever located. Installment shares may be taken 
on which 50 cents a share is paid in monthly until the 
accumulations with dividends amount to $100. This 
usually takes about 12 years and the amount paid in 
amounts to about $70. The dividends amount to the 
balance. Savings shares may also be selected. On these 
the member may begin with $1 or more and pay in more 
, or less from time to time as suits his convenience until 
the sums paid and the dividends on same amount to 
$ 100 . 
Income shares are still another choice. In these the 
member pays in $100 for each share and his dividends 
are paid in cash semi-annually. Any of the shares may 
be withdrawn at any time on due notice. 
Our hope is to see one of these associations in every 
neighborhood of the State. The State is ready to send 
instructors to explain the system, and to organize the 
associations if one is desired, and the Banking Depart¬ 
ment believes it has the requisite elements of success. 
We should be glad to have farmers become members of 
the Rural Association, with a view to becoming fam¬ 
iliar with the system and then organizing in their own 
neighborhood and transferring membership to their own 
location. 
It is hoped that the Granges and local farmers’ clubs 
will take up this work; and organize associations. 
There is no possibility of loss, and great promise of 
gain to all. Intelligent and progressive business and 
professional men in every community will encourage 
these associations, because they realize that anything 
that improves the conditions of a neighborhood, helps 
them. Local banks also find them the source of in¬ 
creased business for themselves. The R. N.-Y. will 
gladly cooperate with any community which is desirous 
of forming a local association of this Land Bank of the 
State of New York. 
THE WAR AND COMMERCE. 
HEAT speculation has been active, December de¬ 
livery now being 25 cents above the low mark in 
mid-July. Cash wheat advanced 10 to 12 cents 
during the week and held most of this rise. Eng¬ 
land and France are heavy buyers of oats, which are 
five cents higher than last week. Orders are far in 
excess of available supplies. Flour is 25 to 50 cents 
per barrel higher, the domestic as well as foreign de¬ 
mand being heavy. In some sections millers report 
that they are unable to get wheat, as the farmers are 
holding for $2 per bushel. Householders here have 
been buying flour considerably in excess of present 
needs, thus helping raise the price. 
Tin has advanced from 30 to 65 cents per pound, and 
the scarcity of tin plate is so serious that many eanners 
will evidently have to use glass or lesse?' their output. 
The high price of sugar is another hit at the fruit can- 
ners. Sugar has dropped one-fourth to one-half cent in 
some sections, but is still upwards of seven cents whole¬ 
sale. Our exports of sugar during three weeks of Au¬ 
gust were 70,000.000 pounds, nearly 40 times the 
amount exported in July. Sugar is now retailing in 
Great Britain at the same price charged here. 
Chemicals used in photography are all higher, as 
most of them come from Germany. The greatest rise 
is in the developing agent hydrochinon. which in two 
weeks went from 00 cents to $15 per pound. Germany 
has sold us $125,000 worth of arsenic yearly and Eng¬ 
land about the same amount. The industry will doubt¬ 
less be developed here now. 
The rubber trust is out with an elaborate explana¬ 
tion of increase in price of their wares. Rubber is 
not grown in the war zone of Europe, but it is claimed 
that the crude material is financed and transported by 
Germany and England. One excuse will be as satisfact¬ 
ory as another to consumers of galoshes and rubber 
coats when they hand out their 25 or 50 per cent, ad¬ 
dition to the normal price. 
Glass for window, plate and optical purposes is ex¬ 
pected to be considerably higher. Belgium. France and 
Germany have been large sources of supply. 
Gremany’s exports to the United States have run 
about $190,000,000 per year. The largest item is cot¬ 
ton manufactures $16,000,000. Next in order are: 
Chemicals, $15,500,000; iron and steel. $12,800,000; 
fertilizers, $11,430,000; paper manufactures, $10,300.- 
000; furs and skins, $8,300,000; hides. $7,650,000; toys, 
$6,870,000: wool manufactures $4,250,000. 
In a full crop year, Europe takes about 4.000.000 
barrels of our apples, three-fourths of them going to 
England, and Germany handling 15 per cent. Eng¬ 
land may use half the quantity ordinarily sent there, 
but it seems probable that 2,500.000 barrels which we 
expected Europe to take will have to be used at home 
or go elsewhere. This will be a poor year to market 
culls or “stovepiped” or poorly packed apples. 
New York State News. 
ORESTRY COLLEGE PROFESSORS.—Prof. J. 
F. Baker and Dr. C. C. Adams are the two new 
forestry college professors to be added to the facul¬ 
ty of the State College of Forestry at Syracuse. 
The former will be given the title of Director of For¬ 
est Experimental work and the latter will teach Forest 
Zoology. Prof. Baker, who is a brother of Dean Baker 
of the college, has spent the last 15 months in the Uni¬ 
versity of Munich studying methods of reforestation. 
CREAMERIES TO TEL LAW.—Does a milk col¬ 
lecting station have to give its men one day a week ofF, 
under the new law, is the question that the Sheffield 
Farms-Slawson-Decker Co. is seeking to find out through 
the courts. The section of the law that is in dispute 
says in effect that an employer, under certain conditions, 
must give each employe 22 consecutive hours off each 
seven days. Certain establishments to which this section 
shall apply are enumerated in the Act, but the milk 
company claims that it is not included in that list. Com¬ 
plaint has been filed at Pawling, Dutchess County, and 
as there are a number of such establishments in the State 
this case is looked upon as a test case as to the appli¬ 
cation of this section of the law. 
WAYNE CO. APPLE GROWERS.—A branch of 
the Eastern Fruit and Product Exchange has just been 
formed at Sodus, in Wayne County, an organization of 
growers affiliating with the North American Fruit Ex¬ 
change of New York. This association cuts out the middle¬ 
man and places the fruit direct after the manner of the 
California fruit exchange. Wayne growers are not 
elated over the outlook for the export apple trade this 
year. With a bumper crop on the trees, rated at 75 
per cent of a crop as compared with a 54 per cent last 
year, a serious problem seems to be confronting State 
apple growers. 
CO-OPERATIVE ASSOCIATION.—A meeting was 
held in Grange Hall at Potsdam, this week, which was 
attended by about 40 farmers, to discuss the organiza¬ 
tion of a co-operative society under the State law. The 
meeting was addressed by Mr. Cole of Albany. After 
the discussion it was decided to organize for the market¬ 
ing of milk products and the purchase of supplies. The 
capital stock will be $2000, of which $500 was raised 
at the meeting. 
FARM BOYS’ CAMP.—Commissioner ITuson has 
made his selection of farm boys for the camp at the 
State Fair, and there will be 86 of them. One from 
each of the agricultural counties is selected on the rec¬ 
ommendation of the Pomona Grange master of the 
county. They will be under the military supervision of 
Adjutant General Hamilton, and Dean Baker of Syra¬ 
cuse 1 will have charge of their instruction. The boyr 
will be uniformed in khaki. 
NEW FAIR IDEA.—It has been left for the Cam¬ 
bridge Fair people to introduce a new feature into their 
fair attractions. They have arranged with the Granges 
for marching teams of from 10 to 20 young persons who 
are to contest for honors before the grand stand to see 
which can give the best 15 minutes’ drill and march. 
One team will drill on each day of the fair. The prizes 
are $300. 
A PREDICTION.—Commissioner Carlisle of the 
State Highway Department was one of the speakers at 
the Ontario County Grange picnic at Geneva. He made 
the prediction that within 10 years the horse would be 
completely superseded on the highways by motor-pro¬ 
pelled vehicles, and that within that time a satisfactory 
car will be built which can be sold for $200 or $300, 
so that practically every farmer can own one. This 
growth must be taken into consideration in the building 
of our highways. The Commissioner also made this 
significant confession.. “I have had more trouble with 
the kind of politics which endeavors to get a road built 
past a certain man’s place, just because he has a poli¬ 
tical pull, than anything else.” 
ABOUT THE FRUIT TRAIN.—The New York 
Central’s apple car special started at Marlborough on 
schedule time, and about 150 growers visited it. They 
were specially interested in the operations of the ap¬ 
ple grading machine which was operated by a small gas 
engine. The new grading law was discussed, and Mr. 
Van Buron of the Department stated that the law would 
be enforced and yet ample leeway will be given for any 
misunderstandings or lack of understanding of the law 
on the part of growers. Notices will first be sent to 
those not observing it, and they will be closely watched. 
Prof. H. B. Knapp spoke on marketing, showing the 
prices that different varieties had brought through a 
series of years, and recommended the varieties it would 
pay best to put in storage. Mr. F. S. Welsh of the 
Central talked on the car supply and showed that for 
the period from Nov. 1. 1912 to March 31, 1913, 7% 
per cent, of the cars ordered were cancelled before being 
placed, and that this, with the detention of cars while 
loading, caused a serious reduction in the available car 
supply. Between Marlborough and Albany about 700 
growers and others visited the car. J. w. D. 
Government Crop Report. 
I X the Atlantic States from Virginia northward, 
drought persists in Virginia and has extended into 
Maryland, causing all crops to deteriorate. Over 
the remaining portions of this district the weather 
is favorable, and crops made satisfactory progress. 
Over the mountainand plateau districts, including 
the great range country of the Southwest, the weather 
is mostly favorable. Pastures and forage crops continue 
in good condition over the southern portions, and in the 
north the weather was generally favorable for har¬ 
vesting. 
Over the Pacific Coast States drought continues. 
In Washington and Oregon all growing crops are suf¬ 
fering, and water is getting scarce, but the weather 
is favorable for harvesting and thrashing. In Cali¬ 
fornia, water continues plentiful. 
Nearly continuous high temperatures over the central 
and northern districts to the eastward of the Rocky 
Mountains, with beneficial rains over the cotton region 
and continued drought in portions of the western corn 
belt, were marked features of the weather of the past 
week. In the corn belt to the west of the Mississippi 
drought prevails in Iowa and portions of adjoining 
States, causing still further damage to corn and other 
late crops. 
To the eastward of the Mississippi, except in the 
middle Atlantic States and over the South, favorable 
showers occurred and late corn and other crops were 
greatly benefited. Plowing for wheat is in progress over 
much of the country to eastward of the Mississippi, with 
the soil in good condition. 
To westward of the Mississippi plowing is proceed¬ 
ing to some extent, but the ground is too dry for satis¬ 
factory progress. In this section water is becoming 
scarce, especially in Iowa, and pastures are badly in 
need of rain. 
In the Spring wheat belt harvest is nearing comple¬ 
tion, and the weather continues favorable for thrashing. 
General showers improved pastures and benefited corn 
and other late crops. 
is the lightest draft plow made and the most durable. Load 
is close to the team and carried on the wheels. A boy can 
easily operate the Emerson. 
The Emerson Foot Lift Feature Made a New 
Era in Plowing Efficiency 
Send for free book telling you how your feet handle the plow, leav¬ 
ing your hands free to manage the team. 
Emerson-Brantlngham Implement Company (Inc.) 
..„ __ _ Farm Machinery 
912 W. Iron Street Roclrford. Illinois 
Plows, Harrows, Pulverizers, Listers, Spreaders, Planters, Drills, Cultivators, Mowers, Hay 
lools, Baling Presses, Corn Shelters. Gas Engines, Farm Tractors, Steam Traction Engines, 
Threshing Machines, Road Rollers, Wagons and Vehicles. 40919 
Wherever foot lift plows 
are used the Emerson 
leads for lightness of 
draft, ease of handling 
andlengthof service.The 
Emerson 
r L°Si Plow 
WHEELINGS CRUSHER 
‘BUILT LIKE A. BATTLESHIP ’ 
Compare cost with burnt lime or any other soil food. 
Why pay $3 to $5 a ton when the rocks on your farm 
can be crushed for about one-tenth? A Wheeling 
Crusher will pay for itself grinding limestone for you— 
will make money working for neighbors—is adaptable to 
crush any size and you can add capacity as needed—two 
advantages you can’t get in any other crusher. Steel-built— 
stronger than cast iron and lighter—rims on less 
power using your regular engine. 
Learn ALL th’ advantages of owning a 
Wheeling and profits crushing for others—a 
business witha future greater than the thresh¬ 
ing business. Ask for full information and 
Write for this Book 
“Mixing Brains with Farming”—packed with 
valuable facts for business farmers. Free. 
WHEELING MOLD & FOUNDRY CO. 
502 Raymond Street Wheeling, W. Vs. 
READ WHAT EXPERTS SAY 
Chas. E. Thorne, Director 
Ohio Agri. Exp. Sta. writes: 
"We find it necessary to use 
either burnt lime or ground 
limestone before either manure 
or fertilizing materials will 
produce a full crop." 
Dr. Cyril G. Hopkins, Illinois 
Experiment Station, says: 
The amount of limestone 
used in soil improvement in this 
state should be rapidly increas¬ 
ed until it reaches more than a 
hundred times the present de¬ 
mand, for the reason that lime¬ 
stone is one of the necessary 
materials that must always be 
supplied for the highest im¬ 
provement and permanent 
maintenance of Illinois soils, 
and also because that at reason¬ 
able prices for limestone and 
farm produce it can bo used 
with great profit and justifies 
its application.” 
B. H. Hite, Chemist, W. Va. 
Agri. Exp. Sta.: 
"The effect of lime on worn 
out meadows and pastures is 
most encouraging.” 
