3 100 
r l-l ii KUKAL 
NEW-YORKER 
September 12, 
FARMERS’ CLUB 
[Every query must l>e accompanied by the 
name and address of the writer to insure 
attention. Before asking a question, please see 
whether it is not answered in our advertising 
columns. Ask only a few questions at one time. 
Put questions on a separate piece of paper.! 
Peaches for Massachusetts. 
I HAVE about three acres I would like 
to plant in peaches next Spring. The 
land lies high, soil stony clay loam, 
medium crop of oats was taken off this 
Spring. The land has a gentle slope to 
south and west, well drained and has good 
air drainage, partially protected on north 
by wind-break; location southern Mass¬ 
achusetts. What varieties of peaches will 
do well here? There are about a dozen 
peach trees near by that appear to be 
affected with yellows and borers. Would 
it be economy to dynamite when plant¬ 
ing? How much dynamite should be 
used? i.. w. j. 
Rehoboth, Mass. 
The location and soil of the land de¬ 
scribed seems to bo suitable for growing 
peaches. Among the good varieties to 
plant there are the Carman, Belle of 
Georgia, Eureka, Elbert a and Salway. Of 
course, there are many others of excellent 
qualities and any good standard variety 
ought to do well there. As to the use of 
dynamite in the preparation of holes in 
which to plant trees there is great dif¬ 
ferences of opinion even among those who 
have tried it. It might be well to use 
about half a stick in each of several holes, 
and see how the results compare with 
those not dynamited. 
II. E. VAN DEMAN. 
Simple Apple-picking Ladder. 
F IG. 4S7 is an apple-picking ladder that 
is simple in construction and satisfac¬ 
tory to use. The chief difference between 
this ladder and the ordinary step-ladder 
lies in the fact that the single back brace 
swings from side to side, thus allowing 
its use against a hillside where the ordi¬ 
nary ladder will not stand up. This is 
accomplished by bolting this back brace 
loose to cross piece B, which turns freely 
at the ends, thereby allowing the ladder 
to be set at any angle to suit the user. 
This back brace is also from eight inches 
to a foot or more longer than the main 
part of the ladder. This makes it possi¬ 
ble to use this ladder on the upper side of 
a tree which is not possible with the or¬ 
dinary step ladder. All the timber used 
in making this ladder is 2% or three 
inches wide by one inch thick, thus mak¬ 
ing its manufacture very simple and in¬ 
expensive. No feature of this ladder is 
patented, so they can be made and sold 
by anyone. The first one made so far as 
I know, was made by II. L. Hill of Wash¬ 
ington Co., Va. I have used this ladder 
on rough land, and urge growers to make 
up a sample and note its advantage. It 
can be made of any desired length up to 
probably 10 feet, and may be used as an 
ordinary ladder by simply unbolting E 
from B. G. c. stA lien ek. 
Virginia. 
Michigan-grown Vetch Seed. 
O N page 986 II. C. Hilton of South¬ 
western Michigan, claims that sand 
vetch grown for seed in his part of the 
State does not do well; that it is shrunk¬ 
en and not good for seed. Herewith I am 
sending you a sample of some vetch seed 
grown about 40 miles from Mr. Hilton’s 
place. This seed is from that grown three 
or four years on the same farm, and if 
there is any deterioration it should In; 
evident in this seed. T’tis is a sample of 
that grown over an area of GO or 70 acres 
which was raised expressly to sell for 
seed. It is possible that Mr. Hilton’s ob¬ 
servations of this crop may have been 
limited. It may be regarded as unusual 
that a plant that maintains the qualities 
of a weed, remaining in the ground and 
reproducing in a wheat crop for years, 
should be lacking in vitality. It is for 
this very reason that growing it on farms 
where wheat is a part of the rotation is 
discouraged. The writer is acquainted 
with an orchard where vetch was intro¬ 
duced over a narrow strip of ground for 
a cover crop, and in the course of three 
or four years was spread over tlie entire 
orchard of several acres. The ground was 
plowed each Spring, but enough vetch re¬ 
mained above the furrows to go to seed, 
and was spread by the harrow until the 
whole was thoroughly seeded. 
It is frequently, perhaps generally, the 
ease that vetch does not do its best on a 
piece of ground the first or second year. 
Vetch is a legume, and in order to reach 
its highest development must have its pe¬ 
culiar nitrogen-gathering bacteria present 
in the soil in order to thrive as it should. 
These may be expected to be lacking in 
ground which has never grown a vetch 
crop, and unless supplied artificially do 
r.ot at first gain access to the soil and 
vetch roots, and some little time may be 
required for these to become sufficiently 
abundant so that the vetch plants may 
become supplied with them. This will no 
doubt require a longer time in ground 
that is lacking in fertility than in that 
which is richer in the elements of plant 
food. Vetch more readily gathers its 
specific bacteria naturally than some of 
the legumes, such as Alfalfa or the clov¬ 
ers, but it is probable that where first 
sown on a piece of ground better success 
would be gained from the start if the seed 
were artificially inoculated. It is pos¬ 
sible that Mr. Hilton’s observations may 
have covered some fields which had not 
become sufficiently inoculated to permit 
of the highest development of the plants. 
Allegan Co., Mich, edwabd uctcuins. 
R. N.-Y.—The seed enclosed was cer¬ 
tainly plump and good. We should call 
it high quality. 
Tomato John Baer. 
W F. MASSEY states that John Baei 
• tomato was the monumental hum¬ 
bug of the season. While I do not hold 
any brief for John Baer or the distrib¬ 
utors of the seed, nevertheless I wish 
Prof. Massey could have seen the G.000 
plants of the variety I bad growing. The 
seed was sown four weeks later than our 
Bonny Best and Earliana. The tomatoes 
started ripening about four days later 
than Earliana and same time as Bonny 
Best. The crop was just about half 
again as heavy per plant as either of the 
other two varieties, and the fruit in¬ 
finitely superior to Earliana, and larger 
in circumference, though not quite as 
deep as Bonny Best. ()ur soil is a heavy 
clay underlaid with limestone, which may 
account for the difference, tlimgli this 
experience, or rather diversity of results, 
only emphasizes the fact that no one is 
justified in giving either unqualified ap¬ 
proval, or disapproval to any novelty 
upon one trial in one place. 
ELMEK .T. WEAVER. 
Dwarf Peach and Pear Trees. 
I HAVE a few standard peach trees that 
are being gradually destroyed by bor¬ 
ers. Try as I will they go, one by 
one. I am now thinking about replac¬ 
ing them with dwarfs (peaches on plum 
stocks). Can you toll me if dwarfs are 
fairly productive and long lived? For 
home use what varieties are preferable, 
say about three sorts, early, medium and 
late freestone? 2. Do the Bartlett and 
Sheldon pears do well as dwarfs? My 
space is very limited. ,J. F. 
New Rochelle, N. Y. 
1. There is no really good excuse for let¬ 
ting the borers destroy a few peach trees 
on a town lot, for they can be dug out 
in a few minutes if given timely atten¬ 
tion. Or they can be kept out entirely 
by the use of a wire gauze collar about 
the base of each tree, which would cost 
but little. There is no such thing as a 
really successful dwarf peach tree. Those 
on plum stocks are not practical because 
the two woods arc not congenial and the 
tops often break off after they get large. 
Three good varieties of the peach in or¬ 
der of ripening, for family use are the 
Triumph, Carman and Salway. I would 
get good trees on peach roots and take 
care of them faithfully and there need be 
no fear of failure. 2. The Bartlett and 
Sheldon pears succeed very well as 
dwarfs, and will bear at an early age, but 
by planting so deep that roots will form 
above the point of union with the quince 
stock the vigor of the trees will be in¬ 
creased. However, this may not be de¬ 
sirable in a small place. 
II. E. VAN DEMAN. 
T ransferring bees.— if Mrs. 
F. (!. S. lives in a locality like ours 
and would take M. B. D.’s advice 
regarding the transferring of a swarm of 
Ih'cs, I feel pretty confident there would 
be no live bees next Spring. That method 
would be satisfactory where there is a 
Fall flow from buckwheat or some other 
Fall flowers, but we must depend entire¬ 
ly on clover, which usually ends July 1 
to 15. In transferring we have usually 
turned the old box upside down before 
drumming the bees out, as the old hives 
usually have only i. few small holes iu 
the top. while the whole bottom is easily 
removed, and bees, including the queen, 
are much easier to get started into the 
new hive. After drumming the bees into 
the new hive a queen-exeluding honey 
board is fitted under the new hive, and 
then it is placed on top of the old one 
and left on the old stand. At the end of 
21 days break the old hive up and place 
the mutilated combs, so bees can have 
access to them at night as they will need 
all that honey to Winter on. When you 
remove the old hive do not remove the 
queen excluder from under tlie new hive 
until you are sure there was no virgin 
queen hatched in the old hive. Try to 
find her and kill her. This occurs quite 
often, and a virgin entering a hive will 
usually kill tlie laying queen. Thei'e may 
be occasions where the old queen would 
best be killed, but a virgin reared under 
above conditions would usually be worth 
very little. If foundation were used in 
the frames of new hive and no honey com¬ 
ing in, heavy feeding would have to be re¬ 
sorted to, using sugar and water in equal 
portions. The better plan would be to 
wait till the start of a honey flow. Al¬ 
low 25 to .‘50 pounds honey November 1 
to winter on. elmkk j. weaver. 
HARRISON’S/;::.'!. TREES 
ARE RAPID- : '--G.B OWERS 
Fifteen hundred 
Apple trees made an aver¬ 
age growth of three feet the 
first season, and in an orchard of 
3,000 trees, none died from natural 
causes. You can’t buy better trees 
than Harrisons’. Write us now about 
planting this fall—our experts will help 
you to select the right sorts. Cata¬ 
logue free on request. 
HARRISONS' NURSERIES 
Largest growers of Fruit Trees 
in the world 
Box 594. Berlin, Md. 
fes KellysTREES 
THE KIND THAT "MAKE GOOD 1 ' 
True to Name—Free from Oisease 
Apple, Fear, Beach, Plum, Cherry ami Quine® 
Trees, also small Fruits and Ornamentals, 
shipped direct to your orchard at Growers’ 
Prlcei. 28 years’experience in growing trees enables us to 
produce guaranteed stock at u low cost. So wo can ship 
splendid treeH at a low figure. Write for catalog—Plant 
| your Apple Trees now. Kelly Bros., Wholesale Nurseries, 206 
Main St., Dansville, N. Y. You’ll never regret planting Kelly Treetj 
pple Trees 
For Fall Shipment Direct from Nursery to Planter. 
Guaranteed True to Name. Write for Special 
Prices on your Wants. Catalogue free to everybody. 
DKNTON, WII.I JAMS & DENTON 
Wlioleeulo N urnerj men, 1<> Elm St., Itunevllle, N.Y. 
.Dreer’s. 
Choice Farm Seeds 
Winter Vetch ivicia vniosa) 
Valuable as a Winter cover crop, also for hay 
and green manure. Use Vicia Villosa, tlie only 
reliable Vetch for Fall sowing. Write for our 
leaflet and price of seed. 
Dreer’s Autumn Catalogue 
offers a list of Farm Seeds for Fall sowing in¬ 
cluding choice varieties of Wheat. Dwarf Essex 
Rape, Grass and Clover seeds, alsocompietelist 
of Spring-Flowering Bulbs, Hyacinths, Tulips, 
Narcissus, Crocus. I.ilies. etc. Write for copy 
and mention this Publication. 
Henry A. Dreer 
714-716 Chestnut St., Phila., Pa. 
Why Don’t YOU Plant 
Pear Trees THIS Fall? 
You are not as busy as in spring; fall 
planting is safe, and the trees are ready 
to grow the first warm days. 
I have the finest lot of Pears you ever 
saw — Duchess, Wilder, Bose, Bartlett, 
and others. Trees are big, clean, healthy, 
splendid roots — the kind of trees the 
careful planter buys. 
Fraser’s Tree Book will help you to 
select the profitable Pears, Apples, 
Cherries. Write for a copy today. 
SAMUEL FRASER, NURSERYMAN 
120 Main Street, Geneseo, N. Y. 
REES at Hal fAge nts FVices 
Tl _ 
M F We have 900,000 Fruit Trees and wish to reduce 
■ wm them this fall. We offer the 4-6 ft. size as 
follows, other sizes accordingly low: 
Apple first Class 2 Tr. atS7 per 100 I Pear. First Class? Tr.at S9 period 
Peach " " 1 " at 57.50" “ | Cherry, “ “ 2 at $11” 
Guaranteed First Class, True to Name, Fr,e from Di*ease. W rite 
for free Catalog and send list of wants for speeial Pi-etch t Paid 
price. THE WM. J. REILLY NURSERIES. 22 Ossian St.. BANSVILLE, H.Y. 
Originators of “ Ti’ees at Half Agents Price.” 
TREES, SHRUBS AND PLANTS 
BERRIES, PRIVET HEDGING, etc. Ask for our new Cata¬ 
logue with attractive prices THE WESTMIN¬ 
STER NUKSKKY, Box 129, Westminster, ]>1<1. 
QAA AAA SHEERIN'S FRESH DUG 
OvUjvUU Apple Trees. 2 years. 5 to G feet. 12c 
each Boxed Free. Guaranteed True to Name. 
Catalog free to everybody. SHEEBIN’S WHOLESALE 
V >!RSERIES. 18 Seward Street. Dansville. N. V. 
Apple Barrels 
— Car lols or less. Prompt 
shipment. ROUEKT 
GIDDIES, Medina, N.Y. 
t nni C DADDU Q—Car lots or less. Price right. 
ArrLt DAimtLo Walter e. sipple, Mileses, n. v 
C CCn \A/U C AT—Foster’s Red Wave. $1.73 per 1 
ottl) VV H L A I Bags free. C. G. Bower, Ludlowville, N 
bn. 
Y 
u/upflT and Timothy Seed sold direct. Why not 
nntHI sow our Guaranteed Seeds? Increase 
your profits. Gliek’s Seed Farms, Snioketown, Pa 
Seed Rye 
—Recleaned. HOMER B. HOWE. 
Wellsboro, Pa. 
RUSSIAN PITKUS SEED KIE—Extraordin 
H ary yielder. Sow until freezing. $1.25 per bushel 
CDOVEKDAUCFAltM,Charlotte,New Vorlc 
. . - . . . ■ 
30,000 bu. SEED WHEATtI". v " rt0 “" ! 
and Samples free. A H 
. lean. Catalog 
HOFFMAN. Landisville, Pa 
CABBAGE PLANTS',!,US 
ready to plant out. DANISH BALL HEAD, FLAT DUTCH, ALL 
SEASON, ALL HEAD SAVOY, and others—$1 per 1,000; 
$8.50 for 10,000. CELERY PLANTS—all leading kinds, 
$1 per 1,000. CAULIFLOWER PLANTS—$2.50 per 1,000. 
J. C. SCHMIDT - - Bristol, l'a. 
EEDLESS FIELD SEED 
■ We are trying to furnish. Write for samples 
U and booklet,"How to Know Good Seed.” 
0. ,M. scon & SON, 90 Main Street, MARYSVILLE, OHIO 
1 
foirFITTIT^N l7 V== == 
WERTHEIMER’S, £ 
r-> Jl MI LdJ K/ P7 
Germination 
and purity guaranteed. Our choice home grown 
Clover* and Alfalfa 
and other grass and field seeds are 
the best that money can buy. We 
will send you absolutely free our 
new "ALFALFA GUIDE" full of valu¬ 
able information about this pro¬ 
fitable plant. Don’t buy until 
you have seen our sample. 
N. WERTHEIMER & SONS. 
Box 55 Ligonier, Ind. 
PI JL UTQ STRAWBERRY, ETC. A11 best tested 
■ • w varieties. 6U kinds including the Fail 
Bearers. Cat £.og Free. L.G.TINGLE, Boa 96. Plttsvilte, Md. 
WEHAVE Rin 0 ^trawhorripC fl LL SUMMER-You can 
had nipoolldwuclllcb have them, too. For 
particulars address,WILLARD B. KILLE. Swetlesboro. N. J. 
STRAWBERRY PLANTS SALE 
August, September. October. Layer plants—well 
rooted. All leading varieties. Asparagus roots. 
Price list free. J. KEIFFORD HALL, Rhodosdale, Md 
STRAWBERRY PLANTS 
RUNNER AND POT-GROWN 
For FALL planting. Also Raspberry and Blackb«n-y 
Plants, and Fruit Trees. All leading varieties. Cat¬ 
alogue free. HARRY L. SQUIRES, Reinseuburtj. New York 
KINGS 
J GIVE A REAL GUARANTEE OF GENUINENESS OF VARIETY—THE CDIIIT TDCCQ 
STRONGEST EVER WRITTEN BY ANY NURSERY FIRM IN AMERICA. 0UR rnul 1 lncti 
will reach you well packed, up to grade, fresh, clean and sturdy—the best Genesee 
Valley stock you can buy at very, very low prices iu lots of 10, 100 or 1,000. 
lied by the experience of the Kings’ of Dansville and their thirty 
business. Write today for prices to KINGS’, DANSVILLE, N.Y. 
Every tree bnc 
five years of fair, honorable dealing in the nursery 
L0NEY Guaranteed TREES 
875,000 Pouch, 060,000 Apple, 500,000 Chorry, thousands of othor fruit and 
ornamontnl trees, borrios, currants, vines and shrubs—fresh dug, guaruntoud true to 
name and fro® from disease. Ready for your Kail planting. Moloney Quality plus Maloney Ser¬ 
vice means money In your pocket. *21) youth' experience i* buck of every tree no sell. Budding:, 
Hiiritiuir, Sorting, rucking and Shipping given our personal rare. It «*lll |»ay you to deal with 
nn old-established firm Visit our 350-aore Nurseries or write for the Big, Free, Maloney Fall 
('atnlociie, full of illustrations and Information on baying* and planting. 
MALONEY BROS. & WELLS CO., Box 24, Uansville, N. Y. Dansville's Pioneer Wholesale Nurseries. 
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