11 40 
THE RURAb NEW-YORKER 
September ID,. 
The Heoyard. 
Colds and Roup in Fowls. 
T HE season of the year is approaching 
when cold rains and equally cold, 
raw winds will bring about catarrhal 
attacks in fowls exposed to their influ¬ 
ence. Many newly constructed poultry 
houses will not be finished in time to get 
their interiors dry and their occupants 
housed before the raw chill of November 
has penetrated the bones of the feathered 
folk now roosting in trees and open sheds 
and before the delicate mucous mem¬ 
branes lining the air passages and eyes of 
these pullets and cockerels have suc¬ 
cumbed to the catarrhal attacks to which 
they are so subject. A mucous membrane 
is a membrane lining one of the body cavi¬ 
ties which opens to the outside world, and 
catarrh is inflammation of one of these 
membranes. This inflammation may be 
brought about by exposure to irritating 
dust or vapors or by the action of cer¬ 
tain disease germs or, still more frequent¬ 
ly, by exposure to cold and wet until 
the body is chilled and the natural resist¬ 
ance of its tissues is lowered below the 
safety point. 
The symptoms of catarrh of the air 
passages of fowls are very like those 
of “colds” in humans. The fowls sneeze; 
their eyes and nose run with a thin 
watery discharge; their heads droop; 
their feathers are ruffled as easily as 
those of a human with a hard cold and 
they wear the same air of dejected mis¬ 
erableness. In very severe cases, these 
symptoms increase in severity, the dis¬ 
charge becomes thickened, the eyelids are 
glued together, breathing is difficult and 
through the mouth and accompanied by 
wheezing, a thin discharge may come 
from the mouth and the bird dies from 
exhaustion. Roup resembles a very sev¬ 
ere case of catarrh in its symptoms and 
it is sometimes difficult to distinguish be¬ 
tween them. Catarrh may, and often 
does, precede roup, so that the latter 
disease is grafted upon the first. True 
roup, however, has a specific cause of its 
own in the nature of a disease germ which 
germ may be transferred from one fowl 
and from one flock to another. It is ac¬ 
cordingly a contagious disease. This 
germ of roup is found in the discharges 
of a roupy fowl and is easily transferred 
by Contact or through the common use of 
eating and drinking utensils to healthy 
ones. If the resistance of the healthy 
fowls has been lowered by an attack of 
simple catarrh or by underfeeding and 
unwholesome surroundings they are all 
the more likely to succumb to the attack 
of the roup germs. In addition to the 
greater severity of the catarrhal symp¬ 
toms in roup there is frequently a pecu¬ 
liarly disagreeable odor accompanying the 
discharges, the mucous membranes become 
ulcerated, the eyeballs are almost crowded 
from the head by the accumulated, thick, 
secretion and breathing becomes exceed¬ 
ingly difficult. This later stage of the dis¬ 
ease is quickly followed by death. 
The treatment of simple catarrh, or 
colds, in fowls consists chiefly in plac¬ 
ing the birds in dry warm quarters where 
they will not be subject to drafts while 
on the perches and in adding some sim¬ 
ple disinfectant, like permanganate of 
potash, to their drinking water. About 
one teaspoonful of the crystals of this 
drug to the quart of water makes a suf¬ 
ficiently strong solution. The fowls 
should not be housed in a tight, unven¬ 
tilated building but in one which is kept 
dry by free circulation of pure air. Build¬ 
ings of the open front type are the 
best. When the fowls are placed under 
favorable conditions, ordinary colds are 
usually quickly recovered from. 
True roup is a much more serious mat¬ 
ter and requires vigorous treatment to 
rid the flock and the premises of its 
germs. Diseased fowls should be prompt¬ 
ly isolated or killed and their carcasses 
burned or deeply buried. It is not worth 
while to attempt to cure a fowl with true 
roup; if cured, it is likely to remain un¬ 
profitable and a possible source of con¬ 
tagion to other members of the flock. 
All utensils used by the flock in which 
roup has appeared must be frequently dis¬ 
infected, as by boiling water, and the 
building should be thoroughly white¬ 
washed with lime wash to which four 
ounces of crude carbolic acid to the gal¬ 
lon has been added. Individual treat¬ 
ment, if attempted, may be by syringing 
out the nostrils and eyes with mild dis¬ 
infectant solutions like permanganate of 
potash, a grain to the ounce of water, 
boric acid solution, fifteen grains to the 
ounce or peroxide of hydrogen. A few 
drops of kerosene in each nostril and the 
cleft of the palate is often used in mild 
cases. The bunches which form below 
the eyes may be opened with a sharp 
blade, their contents pressed out and the 
cavity filled with some antiseptic powder 
like aristol or iodoform. While even 
severe colds may be profitably treated in¬ 
dividually if the fowls are of sufficient 
value, when true roup makes its appear¬ 
ance it is better to use the axe freely 
and depend upon general cleanliness and 
thorough disinfection to eradicate the 
disease. M. n. D. 
Feeding Milk to Hens. 
C ONCERNING the feeding of milk to 
chickens, for the past three years we 
have fed from GOO to 1,000 Leghorn 
hens. During all this time they have 
had from 12 to 24 gallons of milk and 
buttermilk daily. Our method has been 
to feed a wet mash at noon of ground 
grain, bran and middlings, this wetted 
well with milk which takes about half of 
the milk, and the remainder of the milk 
is given the chickens to drink. Our egg 
yield has been good, averaging between 
140 and 150 eggs per hen last year for 
the whole flock, with the hens of all ages 
from one year old to four years old. But 
our loss of hens has been too heavy, be¬ 
ing 170 during the year. The largest loss 
has been in two ways; some would be¬ 
come inactive, lose appetite and finally 
dwindle away. Others, large strong, 
healthy-looking, would die within a few 
hours’ time sometimes with half-filled 
crops, just almost drop dead on the roosts 
or in the lots. We have often opened 
these hens and invariably found an ex¬ 
ceedingly large liver and gall. We had 
wondered whether the wet mash had any¬ 
thing to do with this, and this season 
our young birds are being brought up 
with a dry mash before them so that we 
can form our own conclusions from re¬ 
sults with this lot of pullets. We are 
near a creamery where we can buy but¬ 
termilk at 1 and one-third cents per gal¬ 
lon. When a 10-gallon can of buttermilk 
sets a few hours (this time varies as to 
sourness of cream aid temperature), we 
can pour off from one-third to two-fiftlis 
which is like whey or water. The ques¬ 
tion is, is this really water used in the 
churning, or is it whey from the cream, 
or is it both and of what proportion? 
Another question, what is the food value 
•for chickens of both buttermilk and 
skimmed milk as compared with best 
grades of beef scrap or fish, meat or meal. 
California. w. n. M 
Milk and its products are considered 
to be of great benefit to old as well as 
young chickens. Probably the trouble in 
this flock has been due to heavy feeding. 
The average given, of 140 to 150 eggs a 
year for such a mixed flock, is extraor¬ 
dinary. Undoubtedly this method of feed¬ 
ing has produced the eggs, but proved a 
heavy drain on the fowls’ vitality. The 
feeding of wet mash requires much more 
care and attention than other methods. 
If W. H. M. wishes to continue this way 
he should be careful not to feed his breed¬ 
ing flock the wet mash. Let him push 
liis pullets this way as far as he can 
without too great a mortality, but every 
Fall he should select his next year’s 
breeders from among his most vigorous 
old hens, and allow tln.m to regain their 
vigor and rest up so that when Spring 
comes they will be in that condition to 
reproduce strong germs and quick grow¬ 
ing, vigorous chicks. Personally I would 
strongly recommend that he introduce 
the dry mash method of feeding with 
about 10 per cent, meat scrap in the 
mash, and give the buttermilk or sour 
skim-milk to them to drink. I am sure 
he will get good results in egg production 
The watery portion which can be found 
in the buttermilk is whey, and analyzes 
from four to seven per cent, dry matter, 
of which less than one per cent, is diges¬ 
tible protein, and the balance, digestible 
carbohydrates. Skim-milk has about 3 
per cent, digestible protein and butter¬ 
milk about 4 per cent, compared with 
meat scrap, with from 40 to 55 per cent. 
There is something else, however, in the 
milk products that the chemists have not 
explained, that seems to have a decidedly 
good effect on young chickens. It may be 
that in the sour form the lactic acid is re¬ 
sponsible, or perhaps the protein is in a 
form that readily builds up the chick’s 
body. All authorities agree that skim- 
milk or buttermilk are most excellent for 
young chickens and fine for laying hens. 
With 50 per cent, meat scrap costing 
$2.50 per hundred pounds the protein 
costs five cents per pound. With three 
per cent, protein in skim-milk we should 
pay about 15 cents per hundred for it if 
we are going to get the protein as cheap¬ 
ly. .As I said, poultry experts are yearly 
valuing skim-milk more highly as a feed. 
I think most will agree that 'it should be 
purchased for 50 cents a hundred at most. 
If I could not get it for less, however, I 
should be willing to pay $1.50 per hun¬ 
dred for feeding young chicks, and I 
should always give it to them in a thick 
clabbered form. a. l. c. 
Guinea Pigs and Rats. 
I S it true that guinea pigs will drive 
rats away from a poultry house? 
II. K. 
I can answer this question with ab¬ 
solute certainty that no one can prove 
my answer incorrect. Guinea pigs posi¬ 
tively will not drive away rats. Rats will 
kill and eat guinea pigs until about half 
grown, and are very fond of living with 
the grown pigs and sleeping among them, 
if they have the chance. No doubt some¬ 
body, sometime heard of some animal 
that could be let out to drive rats, and 
forgot just what it was and said it was 
a guinea pig. And with the astonishing 
tenacity with which an error survives in 
the public mind the story went from 
mouth to mouth, and as guinea pigs are 
more often seen by people unfamiliar with 
small animals than are ferrets, and as 
few people know for what they are used, 
they recall having heard they drive rats, 
and so go on thinking it is true and tell- 
others. a. e. c. latiirop. I 
Gilbert Best 
Doctor of 
Veterinary 
Science 
Doctor of 
Medicine 
Btiiu.s 3 b u m fe&fcijgi 
a..- V ~.>n~ ffitJC* r.231 pM* 
Now is the Time Your Hens 
Need a Tonic 
Moulting weakens a hen—it brings 
her vitality down to low ebb. To 
help the hen over this period you 
ought to feed her a tonic to keep 
her system vigorous, well able 
to force outthe old quills, grow 
a new feather crop and get track 
on the job laying eggs well be¬ 
fore the winter sets in. Keep 
your hens toned up. 
What your hens need right now is 
Dr. Hess Poultry Pan-a-ce-a. This 
splendid tonic is the result of my 
lifetime experience as a doctor of 
veterinary science, a doctor of medicine and a successful 
poultry raiser. It tones up the dormant egg organs, off¬ 
sets the weakening effects of moulting, quickens quill 
shedding, makes for a new feather growth and makes 
hens lay. 
Dr. Hess PoMflry Pan-a-ce-a 
Not a Stimulant, but a Tonic 
Shortens Moulting Period—Makes Hens Lay 
This is also a splendid tonic for fattening poultry for 
market. It helps the birds digest the maximum amount 
of their ration and convert it into flesh. It keeps poultry 
healthy and fit while cooped up. Besides, my Poultry 
Pan-a-ce-a is an excellent constitutional remedy for roup. 
So sure am I that Dp. Hess Poultry Pan-a-ce-a 
Will make your poultry healthy, make hens 
lay.help chicks grow and shorten the moulting 
period, that I have authorized my dealer in 
your town to supply you with enough for your 
flock and if it doesn’t do as I claim, return 
the empty packages and get your money back. 
Sold only by reputa¬ 
ble dealers whom 
you know, never by 
peddlers. 
Buy On My Money- 
Back Guarantee 
1| lbs. 25c; 5 lbs. 60c; 
26-lb. pail $2.50. Except 
In Canada and the far 
West. Pan-a-ce-a costs 
only lc per day for thirty 
fowl. 
Dr. Hess 
Stock Tonic 
Taken off pasture, put on 
dry feed and closely con¬ 
fined, your stock are apt 
to get out of fix during 
winter. Some are liable 
to get constipation, drop- 
sicalswclllngs, stocky legs, 
but most common and 
dreaded of all diseases, 
especially among hogs. Is 
worms—worms. Dr. Hess 
Stock Tonic will keep your 
stock toned up, enrich 
their blood, keep their 
bowels regular and will 
rid them of worms. 25-lb. 
pail $1.60; 100-lb. sack$5.00. 
Smaller "packages as low 
as 50c. Except in Canada, 
the far West and the 
South. 
Dr. Hess 
Instant 
Louse KiUer 
Kills lice on poultry and 
all farm stock. Dust the 
hens and chicks with it, 
sprinkle it on the roosts, 
in the cracks, or keep it in 
the dust bath, the hens 
will distribute it. Also 
destroys bugs on cucum¬ 
ber, squash and melon 
vines, cabbage worms, 
etc., slugs on rose bushes, 
etc. Comes in handy slft- 
ing-top cans, 1 lb. 25c; 8 
lbs. 60 c. Except in Canada 
and the far West. I guar¬ 
antee it. 
DR. HESS & CLARK, 
Ashland, Ohio. 
Pays Dividends! 
S. C. White Leohorns Buff Orpinptons ^-4 
White Wyandotles S. C. R. I. Reds 
Breeding Hens, Early-Hatched 
Pullets and Cockerels 
WE TRAP-NEST EVERY LAYER 
Splendid, sturdy stock from 
champion egg-layers. Win¬ 
ners in 1913 N. A. & Mo. Con¬ 
tests—leading in current con¬ 
tests. 
Bit- *o advnntare —now! Book¬ 
let!,.. all aliou! the moat profit¬ 
able poultry In America. 
PENNA. POULTRY FARM 
2029 Poarl St , Lancaster, Pa. 
1^1 Ue-'sm*®! n 
Dune Alpin Heavy Laying 
S. C. White Leghorns 
have won more firsts, specials and other 
awards in the last four years at New York, 
Boston. Hagerstown and Philadelphia than 
all our competitors combined. 
HATCHING EGGS Oil HAY OT.lt CHICKS 
PRICES LOW, QUALITY CON Silt EKED 
Send for catalogue. 
DUNE ALPIN POULTRY FARM 
Easlhampton, L. I., N. Y. 
SS.G.White Leghorns 
The business hind. Yearlings, 90 cents; two-year- 
olds, 75 cents. No culls—all good birds. 
WM. H. LYON, Levanna, Cayuga C®., New Y«ib 
FOR SAI.E—100 FINE BRED 
Single Comb WHITE LEGHORN COCKERELS 
75c. and $1 each. Also 100 yearling hens, $1 each if 
taken before Nov. 1. GEO. L. FERRIS 8 SON, Atwater, N.V. 
IF IN NEED OF A LARGE ANO C f W I FGHflPNC 
HEAVY-LAYING STRAIN OF ”• LLOnUKHa 
Hens, Pullets and Cockerels—none better layers— 
Write, - J. M. CASE, Gilboa, New York 
BRED TO LAY 
S. C. WHITE 
LEGHORNS 
A fine lot of cockerels and a few yearling hens. 
P. G. PLATT - WALLINGFORD, PA. 
LINCOLN’S LEGHORNS 
Growing S. 0. W. Leghorn Cockerels for sale. 
FRANCIS F. LINCOLN, Mt. Carmel, Conn. 
SUSSEX FOWL 
Rod, Speckled and Light. 191$ stock. Nearly 
matured. $10 per trio and up. 
L1NWOOD FARMS. Linwood Avc., Ridgewood, N.J. 
TOM BARRON’S 
283-282-260-248 Egg 
l.EGHOKNS uml WVANDOTTE8 
Contest Pens; guaranteed leaders. Storrs’ Buff Rocks, 
Vibert-Austiu Reds, Waltons’ Pune. Ducks, l,ee*e. 
MORRIS-FARM, R. 4, Bridgeport, Conn. 
sale-S. C. White l eghorn Cockerels&Pullets 
from best utility strains in the World. Write for 
descriptions. Prices rouge from three to ten dollars 
each. HAPPICH 8 DANKS. Smithville Flats. New York 
Utility S. C While Leghorns-L e ;“',T'.T“L'S 
per 100. GEO FROST, levanna, Cayuga Co., New York 
White Leghorns-^ ,D -. s r- 
by 20 Experiment Stations. All stud males grandam 
record of more than 440 eggs in 2 years. Prices very 
reasonable. Our methods bring success. Details 
free. YE8TEKLAID EDO FARMS 
COMPANY, l>cpt. «2, Pacific, Mo. 
SALE*- S.C. ANCON AS 
Large, dark, vigorous cockerels, pullets, and year¬ 
ling hens. Winter layers. Select exhibition and 
utility stock. Satisfaction guaranteed. I pay ex¬ 
press. C. YV. S1MON1 S. Homestead. Pa. 
arred LR oo 
500 Barred Rock cockerels and pullets for sale. 4 and 
6 months old: splendidly barred and marked; big, 
husky specimens. All free-range stock and guaran¬ 
teed '•atisfaetory, at $1.5» each. 1.000 S. C. WHITE 
LEGHORN COCKERELS ANO PULLETS, 3 ami 4 months old: 
good, big snappy bird, tree ranged; Young and 
Barron strains. Fine Leghorn type, at $1 each. 
Address \V H.MOOKK, li. 3. Rome,New York 
TOM BARRON COCKERELS 
Leghorns from extra special imported pens 282-Egg. 
Wyandot tes, 283-Egg, from imported pen. (Sisters to 
lending pen at Storrs.) C.W TURNER.West Hartford,Conn. 
Barron Cockerels, White L pg:horns7M ayineand 
reed 
bens. Prices reasonable. Hamilton Farm, Huntington 
SSJWaSS PARTRIDGES!, PHEASANTS 
(’apereailzies. Black Game, Wild Turkeys, Quails, 
Babbits, I leer, etc., f or stocking purposes. Fancy 
Pheasants. Peafowl, Cranes, Storks. Beautiful 
Swans. Ornamental Geese and Ducks. Foxes, 
Squirrels, Ferrets, anil all kinds of birds and 
animals. Will. .1. MACK ICNSKN, Natural¬ 
ist., Department lo, lardley, l’a. 
