11)14. 
THK RURAL NEW-YORKER 
1106 
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:: Heating the Farmhouse :: 
The Hot Air Furnace 
[Note—Hot water and steam for house heating will be considered later] 
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C ONDITIONS INVOLVED .—Our 
farmhouse was probably built nearly, 
or quite, one hundred years ago. The 
walls are of plank placed vertically from 
sills to plate and clapboarded on the out¬ 
side, without sheathing or paper, and 
lathed and plastered on the inside. Like 
many old houses, the ceilings are low, 
only a little over seven feet in height, 
but the rooms are large, and after one 
loses his fear of bumping his head seem 
homelike and cosy. For seven Winters 
we have tried to keep the house comfort¬ 
able by using two heating stoves, and a 
range in the kitchen but, as a matter of 
fact, we have lived in about three rooms 
and abandoned the rest to Jack Frost for 
a season. This required the use of eight 
tons of hard coal, and we decided that be¬ 
fore the eighth Winter came upon us we 
would install a furnace and have the use 
of the whole house, Winter and Summer 
alike. The cellar was dug only under 
the “upright,” but was deep and com¬ 
modious, and we could use either hot air, 
hot water or steam, the choice being left 
to our fancy and pocketbook. All three 
systems were considered and neighbors 
who had the various kinds were inter¬ 
viewed as to their efficiency and economy. 
We quickly learned that those who had 
hot water were very sure that hot water 
was the only system and that those who 
had steam wouldn’t think of using any¬ 
thing else. Those who used hot air fur¬ 
naces couldn’t be persuaded to exchange 
them for any other kind. Such is the 
pride of ownership. It was evident that 
all three are eminently satisfactory and 
that the choice must be made on other 
grounds than efficiency. 
Requirements. —Our house is sur¬ 
rounded by large maples which, while 
furnishing delightful shade, tend to keep 
the rooms damp, and .we find it necessary 
to have some artificial heat in the house 
early in September and to continue it late 
into the Spring. But we don’t want 
much heat for at least three months of 
the year; just enough to take the damp¬ 
ness and chill out of the air, any more 
is wasted. We found that our neighbors 
with modern steam-heating plants were 
forced to burn enough coal to generate 
steam if they had any heat at all; that 
this required considerable fuel; and that 
they were frequently compelled to open 
their doors to get rid of the surplus heat. 
That seemed wasteful. Those who had 
hot-water fared better during the chilly 
months; they could get a circulation of 
moderately hot water with but little 
fuel; no need to boil the water to ob¬ 
tain heat. But a hot water system was 
expensive; the most expensive of the 
three. If the heat from a few chunks of 
burning wood could be utilized it would 
be all that was required on many days 
of the year. These few chunks of wood 
would not raise steam in a boiler, how¬ 
ever, and it is doubtful whether they 
would start a circulation of hot water. 
But in a hot air furnace they would ac¬ 
complish their mission; air is easily 
warmed and made to flow through pipes 
to the place where it is needed, and more 
than this, wood is a product of the farm, 
its use as fuel is economy. .Still further, 
a hot air furnace can be installed at prac¬ 
tically half the cost of hot water or steam. 
These things being considered, the choice 
fell upon 'hot air. 
Expense of Hot Air. —The good for¬ 
tune of having a relative in a business 
with hardware connections enabled us to 
obtain our furnace and fittings at trade 
prices. A high-grade furnace of ample 
capacity cost us but $65, a little more 
than the cost of an equally high-grade 
stove. As the large sitting room had a 
cold bay window in which house plants 
are kept we purchased a hot-water radia¬ 
tor also, and placed it next to this win¬ 
dow and connected it with a water coil in 
the furnace. This cost about $15 extra, 
inclusive of an unnecessarily expensive 
expansion tank and water £uugc. 
.... 
IIow Installed.— The minimizing of 
expenses being a necessity on this, as on 
most farms, led the owner to attempt the 
installation of the furnace practically 
alone. After all, a furnace is nothing 
but a big stove enclosed in a jacket and 
connected to the rooms to be heated by 
means of tin pipes. It was decided that 
five hot-air pipes, one being large enough 
to heat two bedrooms, would be sufficient. 
The furnace could be placed so that they 
would all be very short and with a good 
Pitch throughout their length. Three 
were nine inches in diameter and two 12 
inches, one of these latter going to the 
The School Lunch. 
The subject of school lunches is al¬ 
ways one of interest to the mother whose 
children are obliged to take a cold lunch¬ 
eon, and she cannot give the subject too 
much attention, for the child’s health de¬ 
pends very largely upon what the lunch 
box contains. It must not only be nour¬ 
ishing, but it must be tempting in ap¬ 
pearance. Nothing adds more to the dain¬ 
tiness of the lunch than to have the sand¬ 
wiches, cake, etc., wrapped separately 
in paraffin or parchment paper; this costs 
but a trifle, as do paper napkins also, 
and they are certainly worth all they cost 
as the food is kept moist and looks so 
much more appetizing, a fact that is of 
no small importance to the average child. 
Of course, the sandwich is the main part 
of every lunch, and there is no end to 
the variety of these. The bread must be 
sliced thinly and evenly; if meat is used 
it is more appetizing if run through the 
food chopper and for a variety a bit of 
mustard or cayenne is sometimes added. 
INSIDE “THE LITTLE RED SCHOOLIIOI SH.” 
big sitting room and the other by means 
of a Y connection being made to heat 
two bedrooms. From the cold northwest 
corner of the big parlor a wooden cold 
air shaft, made of matched flooring, was 
carried to the cellar bottom and here con¬ 
nected with the concrete conduit leading 
to the concrete pit beneath the furnace. 
A sand bed behind the barn furnished the 
material for this concrete work and the 
muscle of the owner the labor. If a few 
general principles of concrete work are 
understood, it can be well done by any 
husky man. 
Points From Experience. —Every 
farmer must be at least an amateur car¬ 
penter; he should be also something of a 
mason and it would be well if he were 
handy with the tinsmith’s tools. The 
proprietor of this farm dabbles in all 
trades but the tinsmith’s. lie hasn’t 
learned to use the soldering iron. But 
the furnace was set up, the registers put 
in place, and the concrete work done be¬ 
fore the local tinsmith was called in to 
connect the register boxes with the fur¬ 
nace jacket and the radiator with the 
water coil; many farmers would have 
done this equally well and much quicker 
than the local “expert” did. Professional 
plumbers have a way of keeping very 
busy and accomplishing very little when 
it suits them to do so. The eight-inch 
smoke-pipe had to be carried up through 
two floors to a short chimney in an up¬ 
stairs bedroom. This pipe is made of 
the best quality Russian iron and a lib¬ 
eral use was made of asbestos sheathing 
wherever it came near the old pine in 
floors and joists. Asbestos is cheap, but 
it would cost considerable to replace the 
old house. The hot-air pipes are also 
well covered with asbestos, and hot-water 
pipes will be wound with old burlap 
sacks. All pipes were made as short, and 
given as much pitch as possible; hot air 
likes to go straight up. The cold air 
will be taken from the house instead from 
out of doors; this helps the hot air from 
the furnace to enter the rooms and saves 
heating the icy outdoor blasts in zero 
weather. Well; the job is done in first 
class shape and required a money outlay 
of practically $150. If you know of any¬ 
one who wants to buy two heating stoves, 
we have them for sale: and we kind o’ 
wish that Winter would come. m. b. d. 
Sardines minced fine are good, also hard 
boiled eggs, mashed fine, and melted 
butter, salt and bit of mustard or cayenne 
added, and sometimes nasturtium or cel¬ 
ery leaves chopped fine. If a cottage 
cheese is liked, that makes a good filling 
—most children like peanut butter, and 
as it costs only a little more than half 
the price of cream butter, it is really 
more economical. Cold chicken is always 
good, also slices of beef loaf with plain 
bread and butter. 
Little individual pies are much more 
appetizing and also easier to keep from 
becoming mussy than an ordinary piece. 
Little cakes iced with plain icing, then a 
little chocolate or cocoa added to a bit 
of the remainder and placed on the cake 
to form a “brownie” face always delight 
the little ones, and sometimes even the 
older ones, as well. A little surprise 
usually goes a long way with children and 
I usually keep some dates, figs, etc., for 
this purpose and a few are added occa¬ 
sionally, also a little pure candy; if 
homemade, all the better. Nuts are now 
considered a valuable food, and a few 
added to the lunch box are a most whole¬ 
some addition; the children can pick 
them out and they can be kept for this 
purpose. 
A large-mouthed bottle 
top, such 
sold in, is 
fruit, custard, etc. Fruit should always 
accompany the school lunch, and occa¬ 
sionally a banana or some fruit not quite 
as common to the country child, as an 
apple is appreciated. claudia retts. 
with a screw 
as vaseline or cold cream is 
nice in which to send canned 
We Save You $8 
FallSuitsad 
Overcoats 
* 10*22 
Money Refunded 
If Not Satisfied 
Of course you want 
that new Fall Suit or 
Overcoat of yours to be 
stylish. Yet the more 
dollars you can save on 
such a garment the 
-■ — - = better you will like it. 
Let’s get together. 
Send for our Men’s Fall Style Book and 40 
samples of cloth patterns. You select the 
style of cut and cloth sample which you like 
best. Write your measurements in order- 
blank which we furnish. You can’t go wrong. 
You can’t lose on the Glen Rock plan. 
Every garment is guaranteed not only to fit perfectly, 
but to keep its perfect sl.ape permanently. Glen Roclc 
garments are noted for the excellence of cloth, trim¬ 
mings, cutting and tailoring. Signed guarantee at- 
tached to every made-to-order garment. The first step 
to save $8.00 is to Send Today for Style Book and 
40 Cloth Samples. IT’S FREE. 
GLEN ROCK WOOLEN CO. 
203 Main St. Somerville. N. J. 
TYPEWRITERS > 
Prices $15.00 up. SOU) or KKNTKi) 
anywhere at‘A to ^MAXIFACTUHERS' 
PRICKS, allowing RENTAL TO APPLY 
ON PRICK. Free Trial* Installment 
payments if desired. Write for catalog 15 
TYPEWRITER EMPORIUM. 34-36 W. Lake SI.. Cbioag a 
MODERN GASOLINE AUTOMOBILE. 
Its construction, operation, maintenance 
and repairs. By Victor W. Page. 6x9. 
Cl. 693 pp. Over 400 ills. 
It gives up-to-date 
Information on the 
construction, care 
and operation of the 
gasoline automobile, 
including break¬ 
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tells just what to 
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u niler all circum¬ 
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has been specially 
drawn by the au¬ 
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This book will be sent to any address prepaid for 
THREE NEW YEARLY SUBSCRIPTIONS to 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
or Thirty Ten-week Trial Subscriptions 
or Six Yearly Renewal Subscriptions 
or One New and Four Renewals 
(Two Renewals count as One New Yearly) 
The Rural New-Yorker, 333 West 30th St., N. Y. 
Why Waste 
Your Spare 
lime ? 
You can put it to good 
advantage by doing 
some subscription work 
for us this fall and 
winter—No investment 
required. All members 
of the family can assist 
in the work. Write 
for details. 
Department “M” 
The Rural New-Yorker 
333 West 30th Street 
New York City 
J 
FAUCET 
. CONTROL 
EWER-FRESH WATER SYSTEM for FARMS AND COUNTRY HOMES x 
Here at last is the perfect water system for farm and country homes— n 
one that gives you all the pure running water you want fresh from the well just by ^ 
turn hilt a faucet anywhere about the house, barn or yard. No stale, stored water ^ 
no slimy tanka to clean and repair. No pump to freeze—no depending on wind or weather* 
Over 6 
Years 
Old 
Over 
6000 
Sold 
§ 
is controlled entirely by th© turning of the water faucets. Opanin * any fau- 
v ect in nous©^ barn or yard starts tho Perry Pump and delivers a full steady 
|C‘ r .* 
How of pure cool water at well temperature the year round. Closing tho 
lancet stops tho pump and it will remain idle until you attain open a 
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UNITED PUMP AND POWER CO.,473 Dlcksy Bldg.. Chicago 
(4) 
