m4. 
THE RURAL, NEW-VOKKER 
118 & 
NEW YORK FOOD PRICES. 
T IIE new public markets in New York have started 
lively discussion in the daily papers. This has 
had the good effect of calling attention to food 
prices and methods of sale. This is just what New 
York has lacked up to this time. Farm products have 
been bought without much consideration of price. If 
rhe present discussion can be kept up it will not be long 
before the buyers begin to figure closely, and when they 
do that they will realize the wide margin between what 
they pay and what the producer receives, with that will 
come such a demand for better marketing and shipping 
facilities that it cannot be resisted. The following 
figures show the prices quoted at three of the New York 
public markets on September 18: 
Fort Lee. 
Harlem. 
Queensboro. 
Lamb chops (pound) 
22 
, # 
20 
Hindquarters. 
20 
, , 
14 
Shoulder . 
15 
. , 
11 
Steak (Delmonico) .. 
22 
18 
24 
Rib roast . 
18 
14 to 15 
16 to 20 
Fresh broilers . 
20 
18 to 20 
20 
Young roasting . 
20 to 22 
20 
20 
Fowls . 
18 
16 
16 
Eggs—Fresh brown. . 
Eggs—Fresh white Leg 
35 
32 
horn. 
45 
43 
, # 
Fish—Flounders .... 
5 
5 to 6 
8 
Bluefish . 
9 
7 
, , 
Ood . 
5 to 10 
6 
6 
Porgies . 
10 
6 
8 
Butterfish . 
5 
6 
6 
Weak fish . 
5 
5 to 6 
Vegetables— 
Corn (dozen) . 
30 to 20 
25 to 20 
30 
Potatoes (pound) .. 
12-3 
1 2-3 
1 3-7 
Cabbage (head) .... 
2 to 3 
*2% 
4 
Cauliflower (each) .. 
10 
5 
4 
Lettuce (head) . 
5 
4 
•> 
♦ » 
String beans (quart) 
5 
7 
5 
Fruit— 
Muskmelon (each) .. 
• • 
5 
4 
The following table 
showing 
average retail prices 
for produce during August and September 
by the Bureau of Weights and Measures: 
is prepared 
VEGETABLES. 
August. September. 
High. Low. High. Low. 
L. I. potatoes (lb.) 2 
Cabbage (head). 5 to 6 
Corn (dozen) . . 25 to 80 
String beans (qt.) 8 to 10 
Green peas (qt.) 10 to 12 
Tomatoes (lb.).. 2*4 
Lettuce (head).. 5 to 6 
< >nions (pound) . . 214 
Lima beans (qt.) 10 
Best creamery but¬ 
ter . 80 to 38 
Flour (314 lbs.) . 14 to 17 
Sugar, granulated 
(314 lbs.) ... 22 to 27 
Fggs (dozen) .. 35 to38 
Loose milk (qt.). 6 
2 
‘ > 
*> 
4 to 5 
5 to 6 
4 to 5 
20 to 30 
25 to 30 
20 to 30 
7)4 
8 to 10 
5 to 8 
7)4 
8 to 10 
7 to 8 
2)4 
2% 
214 
4 
5 to 6 
5 
214 
2% 
2% 
8 
10 to 12 
5 to 8 
35 to 87 
85 to 37 
35 to 37 
13 to 15 
14 to 17 
14 to 17 
21 to 25 
23 to 26 
22 to 26 
35 to 38 
35 to 38 
35 to 38 
6 
7 
6 
MEATS. 
August. September. 
High. 
Low. 
High. 
Low. 
Loins of pork. 
20 
22 
20 
Pork chops . 
26 
20 
25 
22 
Veal (leg) . 
21 
20 
24 
20 
Outlets . 
80 
34 
80 
Shoulder. 
16 
16 
20 
16 
Breast .. 
18 
16 
20 
16 
Stew t. 
18 
16 
20 
16 
Bacon (by the piece). 
26 
25)4 
25 % 
25% 
Bacon (sliced) . 
28 
28 
28 
28 
Smoked ham . 
21 
20 
21 
21 
Cal. shoulder hams... 
16 
16 
16 
16 
Fresh ham . 
22 
09 
22 
2° 
Fresh fowl . 
24 
20 
20 
20 
Fresh roosters . 
16 
16 
16 
16 
Frozen roast, chickens 
28 
J >* > 
23 
23 
Fresh broilers . 
23 K, 
OO 
23 y. 
23% 
Long Island ducks... 
22 
21 
21 
21 
FISH. 
August. 
September. 
High. 
Low. 
High. 
Low. 
Steak cod . 
16 
12 
16 
12 
Live cod . 
6 
6 
6 
6 
Bluefish . 
12 
10 
14 
10 
Weak fish . 
12 
7 
6 
6 
Butterfish . 
10 
8 
9 
S 
Bass . 
14 
8 
S 
s 
Haddock . 
6 
7 
5 
Mackerel. 
16 
12 
IS 
14 
Halibut. 
16 
14 
16 
14 
Eels. 
18 
16 
16 
16 
Porgies . 
10 
7 
8 
r* 
1 
Hake . 
10 
s 
10 
10 
In comparison with 
some of 
1 best- 
prices the 
New 
York Sun prints figures 
from an 
E uglis 
hman as follows: 
Manchester 
Maximum 
Prices. 
Recommended. 
(Cents.) 
(Cents.) 
Lump sugar . 
8 % 
Granulated sugar . 
.. 6 to 6% 
7 % 
Butter . 
35 
Cheese . 
.. 16 to 18 
20 
Lard . 
16 
Margarine . 
. . 13 to 16 
18 
Bacon . 
. . 18 to 26 
24 to 26 
Flour, a dozen lbs. 
Beef ( English) boiling. .. . 
. . 10 to 12 
Beef (English) best ioints. 
.. 25 
Mutton (English) . 
.. 12 to 24 
Beef, frozen . 
.. 12 to 22 
Mutton, frozen . 
"These are, no doubt, American. 
THE WAR AND COMMERCE. 
E XPORTS from New York are now about normal, 
the value for the week ending September 20 being 
the largest of any week since April 25. The low- 
■ st amount was for the week ending August 22, $8,477,- 
•01- The total since January 1, 1014. was $020,075,543, 
or about $12,000,000 less than for the same period of 
last year. Galveston, Texas, shipped nearly 4,500,000 
bushels of wheat to Europe during September. 
Ocean freights on apples have advanced. The An¬ 
chor Line, New York to Glasgow, now charges, for or¬ 
dinary storage, $1 per barrel, and $6.75 per 40 cubic 
feet space for boxes. In refrigerators the cost is $1.25 
per barrel and $9.25 per 40 cubic feet. Some Canadian 
apples are being brought to New York for European 
shipment, as a great part of the lines sailing from Can¬ 
ada at present are transporting grain and war supplies. 
Ocean rates on other products to Liverpool are: Grain, 
5 to 6 cents per bushel; cotton, 40 cents per 100 pounds: 
flour, 100-pound sacks. 20 cents per hundred; lard, ton, 
$7.50; butter, $11.25 ton; leather, ton, $5; beef and 
pork, ton, $4.30. 
There is some improvement in the cotton outlook. 
Exports are increasing, 27,000 bales having been 
shipped from Galveston during the first half of Septem¬ 
ber. Considerable movement in buying cotton at 9 to 
10 cents per pound to hold is reported from civic asso¬ 
ciations and private individuals. , 
THE DAIRYMEN’S LEAGUE MEETING. 
T a directors’ meeting held in Albany, September 
18, to which local branches were invited to send 
delegates or letters expressing the sentiment as to 
the advisability of accepting or refusing the gen¬ 
eral prices offered by dealers for milk for the Winter 
months, about 100 branches were represented. 
It was the unanimous opinion that the prices offered 
were inadequate considering the probable iucrease in 
cost of production due to high feed prices and many 
felt that the farmer should positively refuse to accept 
the prices, still a majority of tin* branches represented 
hesitated to vote for the proposition: "that the pro¬ 
ducers at this time demand an increase in the schedule 
of prices offered.” 
In view of the above action, and that less than one- 
third of the branches were represented, and with the in¬ 
formation that large numbers of the members had 
hastily obligated themselves to sell for the next six 
months, much of which was due to the late date on 
which the stockholders forwarded their agreements to 
the directors, which left too short a time for the direc¬ 
tors to consummate their plans and have them thor¬ 
oughly understood by so large a membership, the unset¬ 
tled business conditions and prices arising principally 
from the European war. the final disposition of pending 
legislation which may affect our organization, and also 
that of about one-fifth of the local branches, which have 
or are constructing receiving stations for their milk— 
a number will be uncompleted October 1. the directors 
in executive session decided it was unwise to contest 
for a definite increase in the price of milk for the Win¬ 
ter months, but that definite plans shall be made for 
October 1. 1915. and all members are cautioned against 
binding themselves by contracts unless absolutely neces¬ 
sary, for periods longer than six months and expiring 
either April 1 or October 1. 
It will doubtlessly be a disappointment to many that 
more tangible results cannot be attained at this time. 
Such complicated conditions never before confronted the 
organization, no one could foresee or forestall them. 
Let all be conservative, loyal and true, remembering 
that without organization, the milk producers’ position 
would be one without hope. 
ALBERT MANNING, Secretary. 
FARM PRODUCE BY TROLLEY. 
REAI> with interest your editorial, on page 1108. 
concerning the opening of public markets in New 
York City giving a good opportunity to farmers 
within 50 miles of the city, and in which you sug¬ 
gest among other things the use of auto trucks to trans¬ 
port produce. This is indeed a good suggestion where 
farmers can cooperate, but why not make use of our ex¬ 
tensive system of trolley lines in the transportation of 
produce at night? a cooperative organize 1 !. . could be 
formed, one on Long Island and another in New Jersey, 
to handle such produce, and which could secure from 
the public service corporations that now operate the 
trolley lines the use of the tracks at night when pas¬ 
senger traffic is lightest. Cars could be constructed for 
the various kinds of produce and dairy products and 
side tracks could be run right into the farmer’s premises 
where he could load up his produce and consign it to the 
agent of the cooperative organization in the city market, 
thereby saving to himself the great loss >>f time incident 
to a trip to the city and back. The result would be 
a great saving in time and in the handling and re¬ 
handling of produce as it is now carried. Of course 
in the case of the New Jersey farmers their produce 
would have to be distributed from the New Jersey 
side of the river for the present, and until more tun¬ 
nels for trolley lines under the Hudson are constructed, 
but a comprehensive plan could be evolved for the 
handling of farm produce that would materially aid 
the farmer as well as the consumer, then by raising 
the value of the 85-cent dollar, and without increasing 
the cost to the consumer, could we have the use of the 
trolley lines at night in the manner indicated. I be¬ 
lieve many farmers would be glad to use the facilities 
offered by such a system of distribution could they be 
assured it was in competent hands, and that their pro¬ 
duce would be fairly treated when it reached the mar¬ 
ket place. GEO. I„ STEVENSON. 
Somerset Co.. N. J. 
R. N.-Y.—This suggestion has been worked out into 
fact in some localities. Some years ago the writer rode 
from J. II. Hale’s place to Hartford, Conn., at night 
with a carload of peaches. This car was run at the 
time when passenger traffic was lightest. The peaches 
were carried in rapidly and promptly distributed. 
New York State News. 
OREST LANDS RECLAIMED.—The Attorney 
General’s office lias recovered from squatters who 
have taken over large tracts within the forest pre¬ 
serves as private property, virgin forest valued at 
about $350,000. and comprising about 87,000 acres in 
various parts of the Adirondack preserve. 
RURAL LIFE PICTURES.—A plan has been 
adopted by the Farm Brokers’ Association of the State 
to obtain a large selection of New York farm scenes 
for advertising work in connection with the Department 
of Agriculture and trunk line railroads. Prizes are of¬ 
fered for views of farm work, pastures with stock, har¬ 
vest scenes with modern machinery, landscapes, etc. 
This Fall a New York farming train will be run through 
the Middle West, equipped with lectures, photographs 
and agricultural exhibits, and moving pictures will show 
the best methods of farm work in this State. The train 
will be in charge of Chas. W. Laraon, of the Land and 
Labor Bureau, who will be assisted by Prof. Chas. 
Grein, of Cornell, and is to start the last week in 
October. 
GERMANTOWN FRUIT SillPMENTS.—German¬ 
town in Columbia County, is one of the largest shipping 
points for fruit anywhere along the Hudson River. 
On Sept. 16, 22 carloads of fruit left that station. Of 
these, 20 were grapes and two apples. On the two 
days previous 41 carloads went out and it is expected 
that about 25 carloads will be the daily output until 
the season closes. Fruit also goes to New York by 
steamboat and every night the docks are piled high with 
barrels of fruit. Germantown is the location of a flour¬ 
ishing Grange and a cooperative society organized un¬ 
der the State law. 
HEALTH LEAGUES.—One of the outcomes of the 
convention of state sanitary Officers at Saratoga recently 
was the plan for lay public health leagues to co-operate 
with the State Department of Health. These league 
organizations will be along the same lines as the local 
committees of the State Charities’ Aid Seoeiety. Mont¬ 
gomery E. Leary of Rochester was elected president of 
the State Sanitary Officers’ Association. 
VACCINATE OR QUIT.—This is the substance of 
an order from the Department of Education requiring 
that pupils must be vaccinated on entering school and 
the law leaves the local school boards no recourse in the 
matter. Removal from office, without appeal, and civil 
suits for damages face those school officials who do not 
enforce the law. The opposition to vaccination in some 
sections of the State has reached quite virulent propor¬ 
tions. In Gloversville and Mechanicsville candidates 
for school boards have to run on pro-vaccination and 
anti-vaccination platforms. In the former place the 
antis won and the vaccination question was taken at 
once to the Department of Education, in Albany. They 
were told that the Department had no alternative but to 
enforce the law and that members of school boards were 
personally liable for the amount the non-enforcement of 
the law would cause the State to withhold from the 
school funds, and in addition were liable to removal. 
The legality of compulsory vaccination was upheld in a 
decision of the Court of Appeals in June. The orders 
of the State department of education are to require pu¬ 
pils to be vaccinated, if they attend public- schools. They 
may attend private schools but they must attend some¬ 
where. 
ST. LAWRENCE COUNTY FARM EXHIBITS.— 
The county farm bureau and the Pomona Grange of St. 
Lawrence County are arranging for an exhibit of corn 
and other field crops in connection wi h the meeting of 
the Pomona Gra "c in December. Prizes to the amount 
of $200 are in sight. Now a special feature will be a 
display of field crops made by any Grange or farmers' 
organization and also for the best collective exhibit of 
corn and corn products made by any district school. 
J. w. o. 
Canadian Fruit Report. 
HE apple crop as a whole throughout the Dominion 
is large, and the fruit clean and of good size. 
In the southern and western counties of Ontario 
apples are heavy. Fall and Winter varieties sizing 
up well and color excellent. 
In the Ottawa and St. Lawrence valleys there will be 
a full crop of late varieties. McIntosh is light. 
The crop of Nova Scotia is not heavy, but particu¬ 
larly free from scab and fungus. 
The New Brunswick yield will be equal to any har¬ 
vested in recent years, though in some sections the 
apples are small. 
Prince Edward Island will have about 70 per cent, 
of a normal crop. Fall varieties being heavier than later 
sorts. 
The Pacific coast has the largest yield in many years, 
but in the Okanagan and interior valleys, the fruit is 
scanty, though of good size. 
Pears in Ontario, Nova Scotia and British Columbia 
are about three-fourths of last year’s crop. British Co¬ 
lumbia has a large yield of plums, Ontario about 25 per 
cent, of full crop. 
The peach crop of Ontario was a failure. British 
Columbia had a large yield. The Niagara section there 
will have a full crop of grapes. 
Government Weather and Crop Notes. 
O YER the greater part of the corn belt weather has 
been favorable for maturing late plantings, and the 
entire crop is now safe from frost. Cutting is pro¬ 
gressing rapidly. 
In the Winter wheat States the soil is mainly in good 
condition for plowing and sowing, and rapid progress 
is being made. Some early growings are up, but rain 
is needed in many localities to hasten germination. 
In the Spring wheat belt weather has been favorable 
for thrashing in the eastern portions, but delayed by 
rains in the western. 
In the Southern States cotton picking is progressing 
well, except in parts of the Carolinas, Georgia and 
Florida, where it is too wet. 
Drought persists in the Atlantic and Middle States, 
delaying Fall plowing and pinching pastures. Pasturage 
in tile Central and Southwestern States continues good 
and rains and cool weather on the Pacific slope have im¬ 
proved pastures, while delaying hop and fruit drying. 
World Crops. 
T HE International Institute of Agriculture gives the 
total production of wheat in the following coun¬ 
tries at 2,604,000.000 bushels, nr 92.8 per cent, of 
last year's crop: Hungary. Belgium. Spain. United 
Kingdom, Italy. Luxemburg. Netherlands, Russia iii 
Europe. Switzerland, Canada, Denmark. United States. 
India, Japan, Tunis and Constantine Province iu Al¬ 
geria. 
Barley production for the above named countries, 
omitting India, is estimated at 1,071.000,000 bushels, 
or 90.9 per cent, of last year, and the oats crop of the 
countries named, omitting India and Japan, is 2,779,- 
000.000 bushels, being 87.7 per cent, of last year. 
The total rye crop in the following countries is 1,- 
488,000.000 bushels, or 93.1 per cent, of last year: 
Prussia. Hungary. Belgium, Spain. Italy. Luxemburg, 
Netherlands. Russia in Europe, Switzerland. United 
Kingdom. Canada, Denmark and and Constantine Prov¬ 
ince in Algeria. 
