1228 
THE RURAL 
N E: W - V O R K K E 
The Henyard. 
Fancy vs. Utility Poultry. 
A T the recent meeting of the Connecti¬ 
cut State Poultry Association Judge 
F. M. Peasley made a strong and 
sensible speech at the dedication of the 
new poultry building. The following ex¬ 
tract is interesting right now: 
“If we judge by the recent past, we 
can look forward in the development of 
the poultry industry to a rivalry between 
two classes of breeding now known as the 
fancy and the utility. That there is such 
a rivalry, and that in some quarters it is 
an unfriendly and bitter rivalry, is to be 
regretted. From the standpoint of the 
so-called utility breeder, I can see much 
of good that has been accomplished by 
the fancy breeder and more to be accom¬ 
plished. I seriously doubt if we would 
have our pure breeds today, if it had not 
been for the persistent and painstaking, 
skillful work of the fancy breeder. Ilis 
work has in the past and will in the 
future, be the cornerstone for the utility 
breeder to build upon. The time has 
come, or is near at hand, when the pro¬ 
gressive fancy breeder may be required 
to resort to the trap-nest to add another 
quality, that of inherited capacity for 
egg production, to the other qualities 
sought to be produced. While I believe 
that such a quality can be added to a 
strain or bred into it. or developed out of 
it, I am not wholly satisfied that such is 
the case, and that an excess of strength 
and vitality is not the explanation of the 
greater egg records made by some of the 
pens in the different contests; but when 
this claimed fact of inheritance once be¬ 
comes permanently established as a fact, 
if ever it does you will see the names of 
the country’s greatest breeders in the 
lists of laying contests, where they are 
now so conspicuous by their absence. 
“Nor can the fancy breeders be blamed 
for not rushing into the laying contests 
till they have had a reasonable time to 
try out the question of whether or not the 
hen can be as truly bred for production 
as the cow is bred. If the time comes for 
them to produce by their skillful breed¬ 
ing hens that can lay eggs as well as 
carry a certain shape and sport fine 
feathers, I believe that they will produce 
beauty and utility so combined that the 
fascination for poultry husbandry will be 
upon a surer and safer foundation than at 
the present time. When these fanciers 
produce the hen of combined beauty and 
utility, they will offer no excuse that the 
trapnest produces green shanks or laven¬ 
der ear lobes or the shape of a duck. 
“I believe that there is no reasonable 
ground for the differences that appear to 
exist between these two classes of breed¬ 
ers and hope that the time may come 
when all lines of difference will be elim¬ 
inated and every breeder will be both 
a utility and fancy breeder and that these 
adjectives may be dropped; that the 
breeder who wins the ribbons for form 
and feathers will, with birds of the same 
breeding, be found among the leaders in 
the egg laying contest.” 
Persistent Roup, 
T HREE years ago I bought some young 
chickens, and turned them loose with 
my home flock. Before many days 
I noticed that the new chickens were 
not looking well and examination showed 
that they were running at the nostrils 
and laboring for breath. It soon spread 
to all my fowls, and I never had such a 
time. I tried everything imaginable—-all 
kinds of advertised remedies. Nothing 
ever did any good. Only the younger 
chickens were attacked, grown fowls nev¬ 
er take it. The sick chickens finally re¬ 
covered after several had died and I 
thought I was through with the matter. 
But the next Spring my little chickens 
had not reached the age of two weeks 
when I saw that they had it and they 
nearly all died. Those that finally re¬ 
covered were always weak and undersized. 
The next year I moved to another part 
of town and was careful not to move a 
coop, box or anything that had been 
used near my chickens; I took 
only grown hens, and they showed no 
signs of the disease. In the Spring I 
hatched out a lot of chickens and they 
grew off nicely at first, but I have dis¬ 
covered several half-grown chickens show¬ 
ing the same old trouble in very pro¬ 
nounced type. The nostrils are running 
a whitish watery fluid, and some in the 
eyes and mouth, with labored breathing 
and a general droony sick appearance. 
It is not a cold and no use to recommend 
permanganate of potash for I have almost 
used it by the pound. If it is roup why 
do the old birds escape? H. i>. L. 
Your description of the disease certain¬ 
ly indicates roup, of a particularly per¬ 
sistent type. The immunity of the older 
fowls may be due to their greater resist¬ 
ance, owing to maturity. The infection 
of this disease is easily carried from one 
place and from one flock to another and 
is frequently very difficult to eradicate. 
Complete removal of all sources of in¬ 
fection, including fowls that harbor the 
disease, and thorough disinfection of the 
premises offer the only hope of stamp¬ 
ing out the trouble. In the case of a 
flock of only ordinary value it would 
probably be best to dispose of the entire 
flock and to replace it with fowls from a 
source known to be free from the dis¬ 
ease. No healthy fowls should be placed 
in quarters formerly occupied by roupy 
ones, however, until they huve been thor¬ 
oughly disinfected and all utensils used 
have been sterilized by heat or chemical 
disinfectants. Cleaned floors, white¬ 
washed walls, utensils cleansed with 
boilin;i water or a live per cent, solution 
of carbolic acid and an ample supply 
of fresh air and sunlight in the buildings 
together with prompt disposal of all birds 
that arc harboring the germs of the dis¬ 
ease offer the only hope of eradicating 
the trouble when once it has become well 
seated. M. b. d. 
Managing Breeders. 
I ITAVE 260 White Leghorn yearlings 
which I intend to use for breeders next 
Spring. I have 30 cockerels which I 
intend to mate, changing them twice 
a week. Would it be advisable 
to leave the cockerels not in use in same 
house caged up? Would you leave all 
stock out all Winter? At present the 
egg production has dropped off. Would 
you advise feeding mash now and how 
long to keep it up? Can permanganate of 
potash be used in galvanized iron or tin 
fountains? IIow often would you give 
same and how much? f. j. e. 
New Jersey. 
If your purpose in managing these hens 
is to fit them for breeders next Spring 
rather than to force them for the highest 
egg production previous to that time, they 
should be given all the range possible and 
would better not be confined even through 
the cold weather and the deep snows. 1 
should keep a dry mash constantly before 
them in hoppers and would feed whole 
grains in addition, feeding no moist mash¬ 
es but giving skim-milk if I had it. The 
rations need not differ from those ordin¬ 
arily fed.to laying hens though meat food 
of any kind should be fed more sparingly 
until the hens begin to lay in Winter; the 
object being not to force early laying but 
to keep the fowls in first class condition 
and cause them to begin their second lay¬ 
ing season with an abundance of vitality. 
They are not apt to begin laying any 
too early, even with the best of feed and 
care. Ten cockerels would be sufficient 
for that number of hens and eight would 
probably do as well. If the flock has 
their liberty it will be fully as well to 
allow all the cockerels used to run with 
the hens all the time, though if closely 
confined this sometimes results in too 
much fighting. 
Permanganate of potash should be giv¬ 
en in earthenware or wooden vessels. It 
need not be used at all unless the fowls 
show signs of colds when it is well to 
add it to their drinking water in the pro¬ 
portion of about one teaspoon fill to the 
quart. Plan to do your hatching before 
the middle of May; late hatched chicks 
are pretty sure to start life with deficient 
vitality and succumb easily to prevail¬ 
ing infections. m. b. d. 
Hens With Conjunctivitis. 
W HAT causes the red around hens’ 
eyes to enlarge until nearly or quite 
as wide again as is natural? Some¬ 
times the eyes swell shut, others only en¬ 
large and look inflamed. They seem well, 
cat well and lay well. H. a. E. 
New York. 
Hens are subject to inflammation of the 
lining membrane of the eyes, or conjunc¬ 
tivitis, and this may result from exposure 
to dampness and cold, to irritating dust 
or vapors, or to contagion. It would be 
best to remove affected hens from the 
flock that it might not spread to others 
through contact and if it is desired to 
treat the hens they may have a few drops 
of the following solution placed in each 
eye once or twice daily. Boric acid, ten 
grains; sulphate of zinc, one half grain; 
water, one ounce. This is conveniently 
used from an ordinary eye dropper. A 
mild attack of this trouble would not ren¬ 
der the fowls unfit for fold, as it is a 
local inflammation. M. B. D. 
AILING ANIMALS. 
Slobbering. 
W IIAT may be done for a horse that 
slobbers all the time? Ilis teeth 
and grinders are all right; it is a 
weakness of the glands, but I don’t know 
what to do for him. He is 12 years old 
and has been in that condition for three 
mouths. E. F. C. 
New York. 
See that the feed is sound. Molds or 
irritants in the feed sometimes cause such 
salivation. Usually, however, a 12-year- 
old horse affected with the trouble has 
something the matter with its molar 
teeth, and if a veterinarian has not made 
an examination he should do so at once. 
He may also find the stones (salivary 
calculi) are present in the salivary duct 
(Steno’s) which discharges into the 
mouth. On general principles swab out 
the mouth twice daily with a solution of 
half an ounce of powdered alum in a 
quart of soft water. a. s. a. 
Cow With Boils. 
I ITAVE a cow with hard bunches along 
her hind leg, between her ankle and 
hock. These bunches suppurate occa¬ 
sionally, but do not disappear. They are 
as large as hen’s eggs, and smaller. What 
are these bunches, their cause and their 
cure? m. c. 
New York. 
Such small abscesses or boils come 
from infection of a scratch or slight 
wound, the infection running in the con¬ 
nective tissues under the skin. Swab 
them with tincture of iodine once daily 
and open freely when they soften ; then 
continue using the tincture until they 
heal. In some instances rubbing with 
citrine ointment daily gives better results 
with boils that are indolent and obstinate. 
Keep the cow from wading in filth or 
standing in stagnant water. A. S. A. 
Itching Skin. 
S EVERAL months ago I noticed that 
one of my horses, which is six years 
old, would bite at himself and try to 
rub against his stall. This symptom has 
continued and now the hair has fallen 
off in spots on his front shoulders and 
a slight scab rises on the bare spots. The [ 
area affected also seems to be spreading I 
backward. The horse is in good condi- { 
tion otherwise, has good appetite and 
seems to be in good spirits. Until hot 
weather came on he was fed three quarts 
of whole corn with his oats each day, but ' 
for the last two months has had simply j 
nine quarts of oats a day and hay. What ' 
can I do to relieve the trouble? A. D. k. 
New York. 
Make sure that chicken lice are not 
causing the irritation. Stop feeding oats 
for the present and feed lightly on bran 
and hay. Work or exercise the horse 
every day. In the feed twice daily mix 
hall an ounce of granular hyposulphite 
of soda. If the itchiness continues have 
the horse clipped; then wash itching 
parts with a 1-100 solution of coal tar dip 
as often as found necessary. a. s. a 
Thriftless Pigs. 
W E have two pigs four months old, 
weighed 20 pounds at six weeks; 
seem well, eat well, but they do not 
grow as fast as they should. I feed them 
red dog meal, about six quarts a day. 
TV hen they find a bone they chew on it 
for a long time. We fed the same meal 
other years and the pigs did well. What 
is the trouble? j. j. y. 
Feed a thick slop of middlings, corn- 
meal, ground oats (screened) and 10 per 
cent, of digester tankage. Make it up 
fresh each time with hot water. Quit 
tankage if milk is used. Add one ounce 
of limewater to each quart of slop. The 
pigs should he allowed free range on 
grass. It is quite likely that the pigs 
are infested with worms, so it would be 
well to dose them for worms, on general 
principles. After starving the pigs for at 
least 12 hours divide them into lots of 
five and in a little slop mix eight grains 
of santonin and five grains of calomel for 
each 100 pounds of body weight. Great 
care must be taken to prevent pigs from 
taking more than the doses here pre¬ 
scribed. As they eat bones it would be 
well to allow free access to slaked lime, 
wood ashes and charcoal. a. s. a. 
Garget. 
1 IIAVE a cow that got her teat caught 
in a narbed wire and made a bad 
wound. Wound is getting all right, 
but she held milk so it is caked. What 
would you advise doing for it? 
New Jersey. e. v. b. 
Milk that quarter four times a day, 
massaging the part each time and at 1 
night rub in a mixture of one part of 
mercurial ointment and two parts of lan¬ 
olin or lard. It may not be possible to 
save the quarter now, but the treatment 
here advised succeeds when the case has i 
not gone too far. a. S. a. 
Lameness. 
A FEW weeks since I purchased a horse, 
age about 12 years, weight about 1100 ! 
pounds, a very good roadster and a 
good pulling horse, bought for “sound, 1 
except might interfere a little behind and , 
take a few lame steps when first start- I 
ing.” I find the horse does not interfere, | 
but has a weakness in right hind ankle, 
which does not swell at all even when 
standing several days in stall, nor does he 
favor it any when walking or pulling. 
When he first starts to trot he will favor 
that right hind ankle considerably for 
one-half or three-quarter mile, and then 
he will go sound for remainder of the dis¬ 
tance. I am told, on good authority, no 
spavin exists. I think no doubt it is in 
the ankle and is a strain or wrench. I 
do not wish to blister the ankle if I can 
help it, but would like to know if you 
can tell me some potent liniment I can 
make to cure that weakness in that ankle, 
or in the cords of the ankle? G. H. w. 
Maine. 
The symptoms point to the hock joint 
as the seat of lameness, and if so a spavin 
no doubt is present. It may be a hidden 
(occult) spavin, among the small bones 
of the joint. To determine whether the 
hock of the lee is the seat of the lame¬ 
ness have the horse led out to halter and 
tell the attendant to trot him instantly 
when you give the word of command. 
Pick up the foot of the lame leg and hold 
it as close to the abdomen of the horse 
as possible, so as to close the hock joint 
tightly. Hold it that way for two min¬ 
utes or so; then drop it and have the 
horse trotted. If it is hock lameness he 
will go excessively lame for a few yards; 
much lamer than before. If it is a 
spavin we should advise having the joint 
fired and blistered by a qualified veter¬ 
inarian, when the weather becomes cool, 
the horse to be tied up short in his stall 
for six weeks after the operation. Lini¬ 
ment will do no good. A. s. A. 
October 10, 
TOM BARRON % WAR 
I am still shipping weekly niy'Chtunpion Layers— 
White Leghorns and White Wyandoitos, Uu.-iran- 
tood Sisters stnii Brothers to tho pens that are lead¬ 
ing the competitions of the world- These birds have 
110 years of breeding behind thorn of the heaviest- 
laying poultry the world has ever known. Every 
male has a a.'O-egg pedigree for many generations. 
I consider the right male bird increases the egg-lay¬ 
ing of the progeny by 50%. Avoid the rough Atlan¬ 
tic weather. Order now. Pay by draft or postal 
money order on London, England. 
Prices— Carriage and insurance paid,coop and 
food free. In New York. Trio—$30; 6 birds, $56; 
12 birds, $90; 24 birds, $108. Larger numbers at 
special reduced rates. My White Wyandott.es 
in the competitions for sale. Write now to 
TOM BARRON 
Catfortb, Preston, England 
TOM BARRON’S 
203-202 260 240 Egg 
LEGHORN'S un<l WYANHOTTE8 
Contest Pens; guaranteed leaders. Stores’ Bull' Rocks, 
Vihert-Austin Reds, Waltons’ Penc. Ducks, (leese. 
MORRIS-FARM, 8 . 4, Bridgeport, Conn. 
“Tom Barron” White Leghorn Cockerels 
from Barron strain hens, mated to cockerel, direct 
from Barron’s “."pecial” matings. Unlimited range. 
White Leghorns exclusive- Sprinn-Brook Poultry Farm 
iy. Write for circular. Dewittville, New York 
Barron Leghorn Cockerels h ^ h r e y. 
Also a few half Barron and American Leghorn cock¬ 
erels. Ail birds guaranteed and in first-class condi¬ 
tion. JAY H. tRNISSE. Hudson Ave., Iroiulcquoit, N. Y. 
Barron Cockerels, White Leghorn^ 
liens. Prices reasonable. Hamilton Farm, Kuntinotoii.N.Y. 
' ———————————————v 
Dune Alpin Heavy Laying 
S. C. White Leghorns 
have won more firsts, specials and other 
awards in the last four years at New York, 
Boston, Hagerstown and Philadelphia than 
all our competitors combined. 
HATCHING EGGS OH HAY OLD CHICKS 
I’HICES LOW, QUALITY CONSIDEltED 
Send for catalogue. 
DUNE ALPIN POULTRY FARM 
Easlhampton, L. I,, N. Y. 
White I oo'hnrnc~ YESTERLA,D strain - Pu,,cls 
fvllllu L05I1UI II 0 lay at 4 x /j months. Bought 
by 20 Experiment Stations. All stud males grandam 
record of more than 440 eggs in 2 years. Prices very 
reasonable. Our methods bring success. Details 
free. Y KSTKK LAID EGO FA It MS 
COMPANY, Dept. t>2. Pacific, Mo. 
IF IN NEED OF A LARGE AND C p W I FfHfJRlSK 
HEAVY-LAYING STRAIN OF ™ • i-fcunUIUlO 
liens. Pullets ami Cockerels—nono bettor layers— 
Write, - J. ]>I. CASK, Gilboa, New York 
BRED TO LAY 
S. C. WHITE 
LEGHORNS 
A tine lot of cockerels and a few yearling hens. 
P. G. PLAIT - WAl.LINGPOHl), PA. 
Utility S. C. White LeghornsTS-ffSr.'S? 
per 100. GEO. FROST, Levanna, Caytiya Co., Hew York 
Improved Parcel Pest Egg Boxes 
SEND 15 CENTS FOR SAMPLE 
New Flats and Fillers and Egg Cases 
CATALOGUE SENT FREE ON REQUEST 
H K. BRUNNER, 45 Harrison Street, N. Y. 
MAKE HENS LAY 
By feeding raw bone. Its egg-producing value Is four 
times that of grain. Eggs more fertile, chicks mors 
\ lgorous, broilers earlier, fowls heavier 
profits larger. 
MANN’S l mSd!I Gone Gutter 
Cuts all bone with adhering meat and 
ristlo. Never clogs. 10 Days’Free Trial, 
o mouey in advance. 
** Send Today for Free Book. 
’•V/. Mann Co.. Box 15. Milford, Mass. 
The Boys 
and Girls 
can earn their School 
Supplies and other 
necessities by doing 
subscription work for 
us after school hours. 
No investment neces¬ 
sary. Write to 
Department “M” 
The Rural New-Yorker 
333 West 30th Street 
New York City 
