133© 
THE RUKAU NEW-YORKEK 
FARMERS’ CLUB 
[Every query must be accompanied by the 
name and address of the writer to insure 
attention. Before asking a question, please see 
whether it is not answered in our advertising 
columns. Ask only a few questions at one time. 
Put questions on a separate piece of paper.l 
Formalin for Fumigation. 
L IKE some others, we have to store 
potatoes in our house cellar. The 
cellar is now empty and I wish to 
fumigate it with formaldehyde. Will 
commercial formalin. 40%. exposed in 
shallow vessels be sufficient? Will the 
gas injure any articles of furniture or 
clothing in the house above? The pur¬ 
pose is to destroy fungi. G. 
Exeter, N. II. 
“Forty per cent, formalin exposed in 
shallow vessels” would not be effective in 
destroying fungi either on the potatoes 
or in the cellar. The treatment of the 
cellar with formalin before storage of the 
potatoes would not. it seems to me, be 
of particular value, and such treatment 
after storage would be of use simply for 
scab. The treatment with formalin 
fumes now in use, according to Stewart's 
recommendations, is at the rate of three 
pints formaldehyde poured over 23 
ounces potassium permanganate, to every 
1.000 cubic feet of space. In order that 
the potatoes shall not be injured, how¬ 
ever, he found that much of this space 
should be occupied by the potatoes, and 
that at least 167 bushels of potatoes 
should be included in this amount of 
space. If the cellar is not tight, the 
fumes might escape into the rooms above 
and cause some irritation, but there 
would be no injury to articles of clothing 
or furniture. G. P. C. 
Conn. Experiment Station. 
Trouble from Rabbits. 
W IIAT can I do to get rid of rabbits? 
They ruin my crops as they come 
in great numbers. Is there any 
way I can poison them? R. w. C. 
New Jersey. 
In my opinion, the best remedy for rab¬ 
bits is a good cocker spaniel and a shot¬ 
gun. If I were in the position of R. W. 
C. and the State law did not forbid or, 
as in New York, permitted the killing of 
rabbits that were destroying crops, I 
should resort to systematic hunting, es¬ 
pecially whenever there was a tracking 
snow in Winter. The rabbits that injure 
crops are easy to destroy because, except 
in the mating season, they seldom travel 
more than a quarter mile from their regu¬ 
lar resting place. In half a day a well- 
trained dog should bring within range 
most of the rabbits that are troubling R. 
W. C. and the rest is simply good shoot¬ 
ing. A few outings at intervals of a 
week or so should end the nuisance. If 
feed were abundant all the Summer there 
should be little trouble if all the brushy 
land and fence rows were cleared up and 
planted to annual crops to be cultivated 
regularly and frequently. When feed is 
scarce the rabbits will go and stay where 
they can be near a supply. If we find 
the rabbits so numerous as to threaten 
our orchards or nurseries we hunt sys¬ 
tematically whenever there is a good 
tracking snow, and usually have them so 
reduced that no damage is done when 
deep snow comes. . A. C. W. 
Celery in North Carolina. 
I HAVE a strip of land lying between 
two mountain branches which is sandy 
loam, mostly sandy and rather damp. I 
have been advised to put this in celery 
by splitting furrows with a two-horse 
plow and filling it up with new dirt from 
a hard-wood forest. Would this bring 
good celery, or what would be the best 
method for preparing this spot for celery? 
Swannanoa, N. C. J. a. w. 
I have seen as fine celery as is grown 
anywhere produced on the bottom lands 
of the Swannanoa and French Broad in 
your section. The natural soil of your 
bottom land will be better than leaf mold 
hauled in, if you fertilize it as needed. 
It is too late to set celery plants now in 
your elevated mountain section, where 
the plants should be set in early August 
Soil inclining to clay will usually make 
more brittle and crisp celery than peaty 
soil, but a sandy loam will make better 
celery than the black soil in quality, 
though not so large perhaps. That is, 
provided there is unfailing moisture in 
the soil. Of course the soil must be fer¬ 
tile, and if not so must be heavily fer¬ 
tilized especially with some carrier of 
phosphorus, such as acid phosphate, and 
nitrogen. Your soil as a rule has an 
October 17, 
abundance of potash. Years ago a grow¬ 
er in your section sold his celery crop in 
Raleigh, and I had an opportunity to test 
it and found that it was peculiarly fine, 
and far better than can be grown in the 
warmer parts of the State. Moisture and 
plenty of plant food have more to do 
with the making of good celery than the 
particular character of the soil, though 
I have found that a loam soil will make 
usually more crisp celery than a black 
peaty soil, where it is apt to grow large 
and coarse and stringy, av. F. massey. 
Maryland. 
Septic Tanks. 
H OW big should a septic tank he for [ 
an ordinary family? How thick 
should the wall be and how much 
disposal tile should there be? R. B. o. 
Cheshire, Conn. 
A septic tank with an interior width of 
three feet, length of six feet and depth 
of 4Vj feet would be amply large for a 
family of eight people. The walls should 
be of concrete six to eight inches in thick¬ 
ness. The number of feet of tile required 
in the disposal system depends upon the 
character of the soil. From 30 to 12 
feet for each person using the system 
might be required in a loam soil while 
half of that amount would answer in 
open gravel. The principles of septic 
tank construction are well discussed in 
a bulletin entitled- “Sewage Disposal for 
Country Homes,” issued by the State 
College of Agriculture at Ithaca, N. Y. 
This bulletin is free to residents of New 
York State and will probably be sent to 
others as far as practicable. M. b. d. 
Leaving Onions Out All Winter. 
W OULD it hurt small onions to leave 
them out all Winter, or should I 
dry and set out in Spring? Would 
they go to seed? When is time to pull 
late onions? P. G. 
Waterville, N. Y. 
Here in Southeastern Maryland I have ; 
already planted my onion sets to make 
green bunching onions in the Spring. I 
have also planted sets of the Yellow Po¬ 
tato onion, which makes no seed, but 
makes ripe onions in June from the Fall- 
planted sets. Onion sets from the seed, 
when planted in the Fall, are very apt 
to run to seed in the Spring if allowed 
to grow for ripening. I plant in the 
Fall only for early green bunching. 
Small onions left in the ground now, if 
they live through the Winter in your 
climate, will make good green onions, 
but will be pretty certain to run to seed 
if left to get fully grown. Mr. T. Grein¬ 
er found that the Silverskin onions 
would winter with him in Western or 
rather Northern New York, and hence I 
suppose they would live out with you 
Maryland. w. F. massey. 
A METHOD of keeping onions in Win¬ 
ter comes from the Colorado Agri¬ 
cultural College. Allow the onions to 
freeze solidly and keep them frozen, and 
their value will in no way be impaired. 
Alternate freezing and thawing injures 
them. The advice suggests selecting a 
dry, somewhat elevated place; on this 
place a box or frame of desired dimen¬ 
sions for the onions to be stored. The 
depth of the box should not be over 16 
or 18 inches. Pieces of 2x4 or 4x4 
should be placed under the box so that 
the box will not come in direct cont ct 
with the moist soil. The floor jf the 
box should be reasonably tight. . After 
the onions have been thoroughly cured 
and topped, they should be placed in the 
box and the boards placed on top. The 
cover should be water-tight. Before cold 
weather sets in keep the cover raised to 
permit ventilation. No other protection 
is given the onions, but they are permit¬ 
ted to freeze solidly, and when it. this 
state the box should be covered with dry 
straw or cornstalks, or any material that 
would prevent the onions from thawing 
out. In the .Spring, or when ready to be 
sold, the covering should be removed 
gradually and the onions permitted to 
thaw out without coming in contact with 
sunlight. During the Winter or while 
frozen, they may be taken out and gradu¬ 
ally thawed in a cool room. Frozen, the 
onions will keep perfectly, and when 
thawed will remain solid for consider¬ 
able time. 
“For the Land’s Sake, use Bowker’s 
Fertilizers; they enrich the earth and 
those who till it.”— Adv. 
Fifty Daffodils 
—For a Dollar-, 
All extra good bulbs which will give 
many beautiful golden yellow flowers 
next spring if planted in the garden 
before the ground freezes. Daffodils 
will bloom for several seasons, which 
makes them specially good for 
garden culture. 
These Fifty Daffodil Bulbs, 
All Extra Choice, will be 
sent anywhere for $1.00 
We have a fairly good supply, but 
advise ordering early if you want to 
secure bulbs at this special price. 
Our catalogue is ready. Send for a 
copy and see our list of Hyacinths, 
Tulips, Crocus and other Bulbs for 
fall planting and spring blooming. 
WEEBER & DON 
Seed Merchants and Growers 
114D Chambers St., New York City 
Big Apple Trees 
HMaAt Little Prices ^—em 
The time for planting cheap trees is past. You 
want big, healthy specimens for your new or¬ 
chard, and to get them you should pay a fair 
price. My apple frees are extra good, with 
splendid roots, sturdy trunks, well formed 
heads, and my prices are low for, such fine stock. 
My free hook tells more about these trees; you 
may have a copy free if you send me a postal 
today. 
SAMUEL FRASER, NURSERYMAN. 
124 Main Street, :: Geneseo, N. Y. 
COLLINS' - ! 
Free Guide for 
Orchard and Garden 
Features best varieties of fruits, 
shrubs and decorative plants. 
Contains unique, helpful 
SPECIAL 
COLLECTION OFFERS 
which save you money and assure continuous, long- 
season yield. Write today for your free copy. 
ARTHUR J. COLLINS, Box 31, Moorestown, N. J. 
Direct to yon at Grower* Prices 
prow our own Apple, Pear, Peach, Plum, * 
■Cherry and Quince Tree* right here in our 
■own Nur»cri«8—know that they are sturdy, 
■ free from disease, and True t© Name. Wo 
Iran quote low prices liecauso we have got tho nnrsery bus! 
■ ness down to a science. Fall is the time to plant Apple Trees. I 
|Write for our catalog and Fall Prices. 
Kelly Bros.. Wholesale Nurseries, 222 Main St., Dansville, N. Y. 
[MAI 
L0NEY TREES! 
W* ,5 ^ 
f TREES 
f AND 
PLANT 
L 98* 
L WORTH 
. 1 Elberta peach; 1 Harvest, 1 Baldwin apple ; 
k 1 Bartlett pear; 1 Montmorency, 1 Oxheart 
■ cherry; 1 Orange quince; 1 Maloney prune. 
H All 1-5 ft. Grapes: 1 Concord ’ blue, 1 
JS Delaware red. Currants; 1 Perfection, 1 
White Value $1.55 for98c, Send 
■' today for free. It'll, wholesale illustrated 
B catalog of Fresh Dug, Guaranteed True to 
I Nemo and Free From Disease Trees. 
MALONEY BROS. S WELLS CO., Box 23, Dansville, N.Y. 
When you write advertisers mention The 
R. N.-Y. and you’ll get a quick reply and a 
“square deal.” See guarantee editorial page. 
Protect Your Trees 
Prevent girdling and 
gnawing. Keep away 
all rabbits, mice and 
rodents by using 
Excelsior Wire Mesh. 
The tree protector 
that is made to last— 
strong, substantial, 
rust-proof. Meshes 
small, heavily galvan¬ 
ized. Very inexpen¬ 
sive. A few cents 
keeps your promising 
young trees from be¬ 
ing ruined. In sizes 
for very small to large 
trees. Write for 
particulars. 
WRIGHT WIRE CO. 
Dept. R, Worcester, Mass. 
SAN JOSE SCALE REMEDIES 
KIL-O-SCALE, LIME SULPHUR SOLUT'ON and ORCHARD 
BRANO Spray material are the most reliable 
spray remedies for sale. Ready for use by 
simply mixing the water. Write for special 
circulars and catalogue on spraying machinery. 
HENRY A. DREER, PHILADELPHIA, PA. 
OLD-FASHIONED FLOWERS 
cTirnsr ta Such as Hollyhocks, Phlox, Lark- 
},. , x'-rV; I f T ur > Foxglove, etc.; plant now 
l i.ams IU1V ■ for bloom next year. Orderyour 
collection now. Satisfaction guaranteed. Price list free. 
W. E. KING - - LITTLE SILVER, N. J. 
Fancy Kentucky seed w. ue u.Vbush 
NELSON, of Lexington, Ky., for samples and prices 
RASPBERRY,BLACKBERRY 
STRAWBERRY. ASPARAGUS PLANTS, FRUIT TREES, GRAPE 
VINES. All lending varieties. Catalogue free. Straw¬ 
berry plants, by mail postpaid, $1 per hundred. 
.UAKKI li. SOI IKES, Kemsenburg, N. Y. 
S T. RECIIS, MILLER. KING AND WELCH 
BASI'BKRKV PLANTS, Mersereau and 
Ward lilackberry Plants, Honglitmi Goose¬ 
berry Plants— True to name and good plants at 
right prices. Apply, B. BARRETT, Blue Anchor. N. J. 
Trppq anH Plante —Barge stock, carefully grown. 
i itJBb ami ridiiib. p ( . a( q, trees 4xr , ft . t $(; . U o pe v 
100. Strawberry plants 82.50 per 1,1100. Catalogue free. 
G. E. BUNTING & SONS’ NURSERIES. Selbyville, Delaware. 
Trees—Plants—Vines 
In small or large lots at wholesale / 
prices. Catalog and Green’s Fruit/? 
Book—FREE. Green’s Nursery Co. 
22 Wall St.. Rochester, N Y. 
iYpple Trees 
For Fall Shipment Direct from Nursery to Planter. 
Guaranteed Trno to Name. Write for Special 
Prices on your Wants. Catalogue free to overybody. 
DENTON, WILI I AMS & DENTON 
Wholesale Nurserymen, 31 Elm St., OuiihvIUc, N.Y. 
APPI F RARRF1 Q—Bar lots or less. Price right, 
fUTLIl DAntluLo WALTER E. SIPPLE. Mileses, N. V. 
DWARF APPLE TREES 
DWARF PEAR TREES 
DWARF PLUM TREES 
DWARF CHERRY TREES 
DWARF PEACH TREES 
Also a Full Line of Standard Fruit Trees 
Fall Planting Bulletin Free 
THE VAN DUSEN NURSERIES 
W. L. McKay, Prop. Box R, Geneva, N. Y. 
GREENSBORO PEACH - ,Si,'’““[ “['I 
Northern N. J., party says about this peach in Ru¬ 
ral New-Yorker, August 29th, page 1049. Wo never 
heard of this party before this piece came out. We 
hope he wiil give us li is address. Wo paid Sail in gold 
for our first tree. We will mail you small mailing- 
size troos for 10c., coin or stamps; one dozen for$l: 
larger size by express or freight. Order at once as 
this offer will ho withdrawn soon as surplus of 
small mailing-size trees is exhausted. < hit a log free. 
Our reference. Hrndstreet. Address, JOHN A. YOUNG 
& SONS, Greensboro Nurseries. Greensboro. North Carolina 
SAVE YOUR TREES 
Order your Protectors now and save 
your young Fruit Trees from being de¬ 
stroyed by Rabbits and Mice during the 
Winter. Call’s Nurseries, Perry, O., can 
furnish you the best Tree Protector made 
for less than one cent each. 
MEW Pf-APU ^ Iar k»n Hayward haa Ikjcii described, 
n L fY iLnUri tested and painted by tlie 17. S. Dept, of 
Agriculture. Kipena Aug. 20th to Sept. loth. Orders taken 
now for Jail and spring deliveries Send lor literature. 
Marion Hayward Orchard, Commercial-Tribune Dldg., Cincinnati, 0. 
Apple Barrels 
—Car lots or less. Prompt 
shipment. ltOTiKKT 
GILLIES, Medina, N.Y. 
Maple Syrup Makers 
With our evapo¬ 
rator you will 
make bette 
syrup with less 
fuel and labor 
than with any 
other system. 
Will last lifetime. .Made in 23 different M l. 
Write for catalog and state number of trees you t 
GRIMM MANUFACTURING CO., 
619 Champlain Ave., Cleveland, Ohio 
TEN BOOKS WORTH BUYING 
Landscape Gardening. Parsons. 2.00 
I.nwn Making, Barron. 1.10 
Agriculture and Chemistry, Storer. 5.00 
Fertilizers and Crops. Van Slyke_2.50 
Weeds of Farm and Garden, Pummel 1.50 
Book of Wheat. Poudlinger. 2.00 
Successful Fruit Culture. Maynard.. 1.00 
Irrigation and Drainage. King.... 1.50 
Study of Corn, Shoesmith.50 
The Soil. King. 1.50 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
333 W. 30th St., New York City 
300,000 
APPLES 
Budded on whole roots of French seedlings 6-7 ft.. 12c.; 5-6 ft., 9c ; 4-5 ft., 6c.; 
3H-4 ft. branched, 4J^c.; 200,000 Peaches 9>$c.; 7c; 4Uc.; 3^c.; and thousands 
of IVar, Plum, Cherry, Quince, Grapes, Roses and small fruits. Book order 
now, pay in Spring. Buy from the mun who B rows his own trees and save dis¬ 
appointment later. Catalog free to everybody. Send card todav for yours. 
THOMAS E. SHEERIN, NURSERYMAN. 21 Main St.. DANSVILLE, N. Y. 
Don’t Neglect 
Fall Spraying 
SCALECIDE 
TRADE MARK REG. U. S. PAT. OFF 
Fall Spraying 
is Best 
“Scalecide” will positively destroy San Jose, Cot- Our booklet, “Scalecide, the Tree Saver” proves 
tony Maple Scale, Pear Psylla, etc., without injury our every assertion. Mailed free. B. G. Pratt 
to the trees. Endorsed by Experiment Stations. Co., Dept. “N”, 50 Church Street, New York City. 
