1014 . 
THE K.U K.-A.E NEW-YORKER 
12(51 
VAN DEMAN’S IRUIT NOTES. 
Tardy-bearing Fear Tree. 
F IVE years ago I planted a three-year- 
old pear tree which has never fruited, 
though three years ago it blossomed. 
Can you tell me what to do to make ths 
tree bear fruit? R. E. u. 
Grantwood, N. J. 
If the pear tree is a dwarf it is very 
strange that it has not borne at five years 
from planting, but if it is a standard, 
which is very probable, it is not strange. 
Therefore it is not to be wondered at 
that no bloom has appeared except the 
little that came at one time. If after 
waiting a year or so longer no bloom 
appears it would be well to investigate 
the matter. There are great differences 
in the time of beginning to bear among 
the varieties of pears and as the name of 
this tree is not given it is impossible to 
give an opinion as to what should be ex¬ 
pected of it. 
Sweet Cherries on Mazzard. 
I HAVE rea l that the reason our heart 
or sweet cherry trees do not. last well 
is that the stocks they are budded on 
are unsuitable. Are Mazzard stocks a 
wild sweet cherry? w. j. H. 
Raritan, N. J. 
It is quite true that the main reason 
for the failure of many of the sweet 
cherry trees that were grown and sold by 
nurserymen is that they are oa Mahaleb 
stocks, which is only suitable for the 
sour varieties. The cherry trees that are 
very common over many of the Atlantic 
States, New Jersey among them, and are 
often called a “wild” cherry, because they 
come up over the fields and along fence 
rows, are of the European sweet or Maz¬ 
zard species. This is the parent of the 
good sweet varieties and is very suitable 
to use as a stock for them. 
Transplanting Apple and Pear Trees. 
W HAT do you think of transplanting 
apple and pear trees. 12 of each, 
that were planted in a row two 
years ago this Fall? I would like to 
plant English Morello cherry inrtead. as 
these were planted along a fence line, 
and wish to transfer apple and pear trees 
to a different row with several hundred 
different varieties this Fall. Would it be 
safe to transplant these apple and pear 
trees? A. w. G. 
Perrysville, Pa. 
I would say that it would be safe to 
transplant the apple and pear trees by 
taking them up very carefully, so as not 
to injure their roots more than is abso¬ 
lutely necessary. One very important point 
in the transplanting is to pack the soil 
between and over the roots very firmly. 
This insures the moisture in the roots 
being kept in the normal condition and 
injury from the drying influences of the 
Winter will not result. 
Hybridization by Grafting. 
A FRIEND here claims to have pro¬ 
duced hybrid apples by inserting 
scions after their buds had opened, 
and that others have secured similar re¬ 
sults, asserting that unless scions are 
dormant the fruit will partake of charac¬ 
teristics of both stock and scion. Can 
you cite any experimental data on this 
question? e. g. b. 
Fredericksburg, Ya. 
There is not a particle of truth in the 
theory that hybrids can be made by graft¬ 
ing diverse varieties together. This has 
been disproven many millions of times by 
grafting and budding in nursery and 
everywhere and over the whole range of 
trees and plants, from pines to potatoes. 
Not a trace of the supposed transmission 
of varietal characteristics has been no¬ 
ticed in my own experience of over 5<t 
years of budding and grafting, but entire¬ 
ly the reverse. And I have done the work 
at all possible times of year, including 
the active season of growth ; nor have I 
ever had others who have had abundant 
experience to report a single case of that 
kind. Varietal or individual traits or 
peculiarities are transmitted through 
their sexual organs only. This is the law 
of nature in both animal and vegetable 
life. The resulting crosses show the 
blending of the traits of their parents. 
Grafting does not blend the varieties, nor 
does it blend the wood. Where a pear 
graft or bud joins onto a quince stock, as 
occurs on every dwarf pear tree, one is 
pear and the other is quince wood, 
euinee sap, quince foliage (if there should 
be sprouts below the union), and above 
all is pear wood, pear sap, pear foliage, 
and pear fruit of the size, shape, color, 
flavor and season of the variety used. It 
is so with all of the other innumerable 
cases of grafting and budding that I haw 
ever seen or heard of on good authority. 
All the contrary reports, so far as inves¬ 
tigated, have been mere guesses or 
stretches of the imagination. 
II. E. VAN DEMAN. 
CROP REPORTS. 
Oct. 10. Prices paid to farmers: hay 
.$14 (loose) and $15 for baled; butter 
22; eggs 2G; potatoes 70; veal calves $8 
to $8.50. I. w. 
Coshocton, O. 
Oct. 4 and no frost. Corn is still 
green on the stalk. Grass is green and 
flowers blooming everywhere. Plenty of 
rain all Summer and Fall. Pastures 
good. Hay crop is plentiful while corn 
and oats are up to average or better. 
Farmers are keeping usual number of 
cows, but are not buying any new ones. 
We raise our own cows through here 
and sell the surplus. Butterfat is high 
and pork, the main by-product of dairy¬ 
ing here, is standing at a good figure. 
White Bear, Minn. r. f. 
Oct. 12. Crop conditions in this ter¬ 
ritory are normal. A drought of long 
duration, which dried up many springs 
and killed pastures, was broken by cop¬ 
ious rain Oct. 10. Crops were good, hay 
a full crop and corporations offering $15 
f. o. b. destination for it; potatoes com¬ 
ing out clean and of extra quality, sell¬ 
ing for 05 to 80. Apples are a bountiful 
crop and supply exceeds demand, hence 
price low. Such as are prepared to pick 
and preserve for late delivery will get 
better prices. Oats GO; buckwheat 70; 
rye 85. Farm sales well attended and 
good prices obtained. Horses are lower 
in price and other live stock, especially 
cows and swine, are in larger demand. 
Fall grain about the normal acreage, and 
looks well considering the dry spell just 
over. Rye still being seeded. Hay bales 
and thrashers are busy, $1 per ton for 
baling and 2% to four cents for thrash¬ 
ing charged for the work, the farmer to 
furnish all extra help and board the en¬ 
tire force. About 18 tons per day the 
average. l. e. k. 
Ebensburg, Pa. 
Oct. G. Conditions are comparatively 
favorable in Jefferson County at the 
present time. The weather continues 
warm, there has been no frost and stock 
is running on wild pasture which is 
still yielding good feed. Wheat seeding 
is still going on. A majority of our 
farmers delayed seeding until late, hop¬ 
ing thereby to avoid Ilessian fly, which 
was prevalent over a large territory this 
season. The wheat crop was thrashed 
early from the shock and a large share 
of it was marketed direct from the 
thrasher at G2 to G5 per bushel. It has 
since brought $1. but went off again and 
is now selling at 85. A large acreage is 
being sown this Fall. The corn in a 
large part of this county is fairly good, 
but east of here to the Missouri River 
it is a very poor crop, on account of 
lack of rain. Oats were the best crop in 
years, and selling at 40. Potatoes are 
a fair crop, selling at 80. Many car¬ 
loads will be brought in here from Wis¬ 
consin. the Red River country, and 
Northwest Nebraska. Only two good 
cuttings of Alfalfa were put up this sea¬ 
son. rainfall being too light to make 
much of the third crop. Stock cattle are 
increasing in number slowly. Such cat¬ 
tle are selling at 6^4 cents to feeders. 
Hogs are scarce: fat ones selling at pres¬ 
ent at eight cents. Ilay appears to be 
plenty at $8 to 810 per ton. Country 
butter 20; eggs 20. Apples were a com¬ 
plete failure here. The orchards are 
dead over a large region, trees that were 
set years ago and have never paid the 
taxes on the land they occupied. 
Fairbury, Xebr. u. m. r. 
Oct. 8. The principal crops raised 
here are sweet corn and tomatoes, for 
which the cauners pay $11 per ton for 
corn and 30 cents per bushel for toma¬ 
toes. I did not raise either as crops, am 
selling a few fine tomatoes at 50 cents 
per bushel. I sold some sweet corn at 
one cent per ear. Summer apples 50 
per bushel; peaches sold from $1 to 
$1.10 per bushel There is no sale at 
present for apples. Wheat has run from 
80 cents to $1 had an offer of G8 cents 
for my wheat, and was asked $7 per 
barrel for flour by same dealers. I sold 
part of my wheat at 80 and had the bal¬ 
ance ground for hog feed. Hogs are sell¬ 
ing at $!) per cwt. on foot or 20 cents 
added per cwt. dressed. Dairy products 
are low compared to other localities and 
in proportion to price of feed. Milk 
sells at six cents a quart delivered. Rut¬ 
ter now 30: all Summer was from 1G to 
20; eggs same price as butter. I have 
my experience relative to price of cot¬ 
tonseed meal, which I think should he 
investigated. I came here from Virginia 
last November, had been paying $1.50 per 
cwt. Our local dealer here charged 
me $2.25. Some time ago I read an 
article in the “Breeder Gazette” extoll¬ 
ing the merits of cottonseed meal for 
dairy cows and deploring the fact that it 
was not more universally used by our 
dairymen in this country, while so much 
of it was exported, the price mentioned 
in the article was $25 per ton. If that 
is the price in quantity, why should it 
retail at $45? G. a. s. 
Aberdeen, Md. 
ItJGERSOt, 
* YANKEE 
TheWatch 
for the Man 
Outdoors 
It is the watch for business men, physi¬ 
cians, mechanics, farmers, and all practical 
men who decide that what they want in 
a watch is accurate timekeeping. 
And the Ingersoll can be bought in any 
store anywhere—on Broadway, New York, 
or at any little crossroad store in America; 
and the price is the same wherever you 
find it—One Dollar. 
Look sharp for the name “Ingersoll ” on 
the dial—the mark of the { good timekeeper . 
g R0BT. H. INGERSOLL & BR0., 315 Fourth Avenue, New York B 
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