1318 
t-iLi RURAL NEW-VORKEK 
Is’ovo.ii ci 
Hope Farm Notes 
I HAVE six acres of Cowhorn turnips 
sown in a seven-year-old Bartlett 
pear orchard. These turnips were 
sown in July, and now the tops cover the 
ground. When would it be advisable to 
plow them under, this Fall or next 
Spring? C. M. K. 
Here is a case where what we may 
call the social side of agriculture must 
be considered, llow near is this field to 
the dwelling house? If nearby and to 
windward, I would plow the turnips un¬ 
der this Fall. With all their fin* quali¬ 
ties as humus and potash accumulators, 
these turnips during a mild Winter or a 
thaw will send out a fearful odor. The 
turnip is strong in sulphur, and you pay 
the penalty when the roots decay. If 
the field is out of range I would leave 
it till Spring, as you will get more good 
out of it then, especially if rye was seed¬ 
ed with the turnips. Such a field will 
be a mighty jffense to a delicate nose 
in a Winter thaw or in late Spring if 
it is near the dwelling house. One good 
way to handle such a field is to turn in 
a flock of sheep at this time and let them 
gnaw the turnips down. You are fortu¬ 
nate in getting such a growth. Most of 
us have a poor stand as a result of the 
drought. 
Tender Handling. —There is no ques¬ 
tion about the wisdom of handling all 
, perishable products tenderly. You can¬ 
not expect to handle eggs with a scoop 
shovel or apples with a pitchfork, or to 
throw potatoes around as you would 
field stones—not if you expect to make 
anything out of them. A very slight 
bruise will start decay in tender flesh 
and then, with ordinary storage, there is 
rapid loss. We all realize that eggs must 
be handled gently. The loss in a broken 
egg is quickly evident. It takes longer 
to realize that apples or roots or vege¬ 
tables cannot be used as baseballs, but 
such is the fact, and this gentle handling 
is one of the first principles of fruit 
growing. It is one of the first lessons in 
picking which T try to teach the children. 
Apples.—W e finished picking the last 
week in October. The actual crop ran 
at least 50 barrels over our estimate on 
the trees, and there are still over 100 
barrels of drops and culls to pick up. 
We cannot handle them this year, so 
they are sold on the ground—the buyer 
picking them up. paying so much a 
bushel. He will sort and sell part as 
pie fruit and the rest for vinegar. Wo 
could get more out of it if we had the 
time to pick up, hut with our crop to 
rush off before December 1 we have lit¬ 
tle time to handle drops. Our fruit will 
mostly go into the local market. We 
put the following advertisement into the 
paper published in our county town : 
BERGEN COUNTY APPLES—Our 
fruit is sound and fine this year and will 
be sold direct from the orchard in scant 
half barrel baskets. No. 1 means full 
size, hand picked and sound; No. 2 are 
of smaller size, otherwise the same. Pie 
fruit is of medium size, slightly bruised, 
but suitable for cooking. Free delivery. 
I leave out price and address as I do 
not think it fair to compete with other 
apple growers. I merely print this to 
show how we do it. I have letters from 
people who live all the way from New 
Hampshire to Indiana asking for our ap¬ 
ples. Now I know that there are apples 
in New Hampshire better than ours, and 
I do not want to interfere with sales by 
local growers. We can handle our fruit 
without great trouble, and it will be far 
better for all to buy direct from nearby 
growers if such a thing is possible. 
Business. —This advertising pays us 
well. Within a few hours after it first 
appeared a woman called up on the 
’phone and ordered two barrels. Calls 
for 15 baskets or more in a single mail 
are not infrequent. I have been aston¬ 
ished, in view of our own results, that 
more farmers do not make use of this lo¬ 
cal advertising. I think it far better to 
go into the local town or city rather than 
to try some faraway field. If you do 
try it be as liberal in your dealings as 
possible. Give them heaped-up measure 
and the finest quality you have. I am 
trying to bring my boys up to under¬ 
stand that it is just as dishonest to put 
inferior fruit in the package as it would 
be knowingly to pass counterfeit money. 
Follow this plan, and every customer you 
pick up will come back for more of your 
goods and also go out and drum up 
trade for you. You will be surprised to 
see how many there are in your town 
who appreciate good produce. One 
boarding-house keeper has ordered 20 
barrels of apples, and would take 100 
barrels of potatoes. The Housewives’ 
League members are ordering 60 barrels 
of apples, and would take dressed poultry, 
small carcasses of pork and other food. 
Here are opportunities for small organi¬ 
zations of farmers to meet these house¬ 
hold organizations in direct trade. Two 
things are necessary, however. We must 
be fair. We must learn to make a stand¬ 
ard for our goods and live right up to 
it, and we must make a fair price. I con¬ 
sider it folly for the farmer to try to 
hold up his direct customers to the retail 
prices charged by the stores. We must 
offer a fair inducement if we ever expect 
to change the present system of doing 
business. 
Tite SriuiT of Age.—O n October 20 
the Hope Farm man attended a banquet 
given by the Business Men’s Association 
of Windsor, Conn. There are many 
thousands of towns in this country all 
claimed to be “best.” I think Windsor 
has about the best motto I have seen—■ 
“In years the oldest town in tin* State— 
in spirit the youngest.” Just stop and 
run that over until you get it all and 
see how much it means. It means so 
much that I cannot possibly add to it 
by any comment. This old town lies in 
the rich Connecticut Valley—a region of 
tobacco farming—perhaps the most pro¬ 
fitable of any in the country. I should 
judge that Windsor remained satisfied 
and stationary for a good many years. 
Now a few eager spirits have organized 
an association, and they are pushing the 
old town into new and vigorous life. 
There were nearly 800 people at this 
banquet—about half of them sturdy and 
substantial farmers—the rest business 
men. The women got up the supper, and 
it was served informally. I presume 
every section is noted for some kind of 
food which is cooked in superior fashion. 
There is no spot on earth—at least I 
have never found it—where finer pump¬ 
kin and apple pies are to bo found than 
in the upper Connecticut Valley. They 
had them on tap that night to top off 
a dinner which would be served by a 
prosperous farmer to entertain company. 
There was a fine program of music and 
recitations—no foolish vaudeville per¬ 
formances, and no smoking. They had 
invited the ladies, and the wives and 
sweethearts and sisters and daughters 
were there as fine and rosy as apples. 
Here was a section of apples and peaches 
and tobacco. In compliment to the la¬ 
dies the men cut out tobacco, while the 
ladies came as peaches and turned the 
apples into those famous pies. All 
agreed that this club and its meetings 
were doing great things for the town by 
bringing people together and making 
them acquainted. They also agreed that 
such a club could not live long unless 
a few live and unselfish members were 
willing to give time and money to the 
job. That is the secret of all such organ¬ 
izations. There ought to be thousands of 
just such clubs in country towns. They 
could do wonderful good just now in or¬ 
ganizing for selling products, or for in¬ 
ducing people to establish manufacturing 
plants, or develop new enterprises. What 
about your town? Is it old in spirit as 
well as in age? What is the reason you 
cannot put new spirit into it—as they 
have done at Windsor? 
Self Denial. —This horrible Euro¬ 
pean War will result in frightful suffer¬ 
ing during the coming Winter. Many 
of the Belgians are without homes and 
probably 1,000,000 soldiers have been 
killed or seriously wounded. Vast as 
are the resources of the great fighting 
nations it will be impossible to care for 
all the helpless ones. This great nation 
cannot take sides in this hideous quarrel, 
but we can help the unfortunate through 
the Red Cross and other commissions. 
All over the country this need of help 
and the privilege of helping is coming 
home to our young people as few things 
have done for years. As an instance, 
my daughter at a woman’s college, tells 
us how the junior class is exercised over 
the question of celebrating their annual 
“Prom.” This is the big social event 
of the year—the one great dance and 
general “good time” which the students 
are permitted during their four year’s 
course. It is an elaborate affair and 
costs considerable money. Now the ques¬ 
tion has come up to those girls—“Shall 
we hold this expensive ‘Prom’ or have 
some simple affair and give the money | 
to the Red Cross?” It is a hard question 
for those young women. I would not 
influence one of them one way or the 
other, for character is made—not by 
what others tell us, but what we reason 
out for ourselves. It is the question, 
however, which will come to thousands of 
our young people during the remainder of 
this awful war. h. w. c. 
Tanning Gold Dust. 
I HAVE small deposits of gold in the 
sand of a stream. Can you tell me 
where I can find instruction about 
using a pan for separating out the 
gold? ,t. p. R. 
Panning is a very simple process if one 
has seen another do it, but it is rather 
difficult to become efficient with a gold 
pan from written directions. The best 
directions that I know of are contained 
in the first five pages of a little hand-book 
entitled “Useful Minerals and Rare Ores,” 
by Alexander McLeod, published by John 
Wiley & Sons, New York. In regard to 
machinery for extracting the gold J. P. 
It. may take up the subject with the En¬ 
gineering and Mining Journal of New 
York, as it will be able to furnish him 
the names of reliable manufacturers of 
such machinery. g. ii. a. 
Massachusetts Garage Law. 
W HAT is the law in Massachusetts 
in regard to fireproof garages? 
How many feet must they be from 
a building, and does the law apply to 
country places the same as in thickly 
settled places. f. d. 
I suppose the inquirer means a pri¬ 
vate garage for family use only, which 
would probably come under the fourth or 
fifth class, the former for housing one 
car, the latter for housing not more than 
two cars. These may be conducted with¬ 
out a license or permit, but are subject 
to the laws and regulations of Massa¬ 
chusetts in regard to operation and main¬ 
tenance. Such a building must be made 
with fireproof floor, and shall be at 
least 20 feet distant from any other 
building which is not over three stories 
in height; not less than 50 feet distant 
from building over three stories in 
height; must be at least 100 feet from 
any building not owned or controlled by 
owner of garage. All other garage come 
under first, second and third class, and 
must be fireproof in all ways. Arti¬ 
ficial heating must be by ste in or hot 
water. No volatile inflammable liquid 
shall be put into or taken out of a mo¬ 
tor vehicle near open lights; all lights on 
vehicle must be out and engine stopped 
when so doing. Above liquid should be 
stored in ground outside garage unless 
permission to store underground inside 
is obtained from proper officials. The 
laws cover both city and country gar¬ 
ages in all cases. a. e. p. 
Wirr.x you wrire advertisers mention Th^ 
1’. X.-Y. and you'll tier a quick reply and a 
"square deal." See guarantee editorial page. 
Order Sunlight Double Glass 
Sash-NOW 
The J. Weller Co.. Cincinnati, O., the famous ennners, 
ordered first in 1911. In 1912 they wrote: “We will 
buy more this winter." They did. Also more in 1913 
and 1914. 
No More Mats and Shutters 
Extra thick, of cypress, everlasting, double-glazed 
with an air space that admits the sun, but not the cold, 
this sash has rendered the old style single layer sash 
obsolete. It eliminates mats and shutters cutting lire cost 
one-haif and doubling the efficiency in the garden. 
Get Our Catalogue 
Our free catalogue explains everything in detail both 
about the sash and the Sunlight Greenhouse on which 
the sash arc also used. It is inexpensive, attractive and 
a highly profitable addition to any garden. 
If you wish it, enclose four cents in stamps for a copy 
of Prof Massey's booklet on the use of cold frames, hot¬ 
beds and small greenhouses. 
SUNLIGHT DOUBLE GLASS SASH CO. 
924 E. Broadway :: Louisville, Ky. 
RHODES DOUBLE 
FBUNINO SHEAR 
PAT. 
RHODES MFC. CO. 
Cuts fron, 
both sides of 
limb and does 
not bruise 
the bark. 
We pay Ex¬ 
press charges 
on all orders. 
Write for 
circular and 
529 So. Division Ave., GRAND RAPIDS, MICH. 
IVIaRe the Engine 
Grind tine IVIea 
a 
1 
A Lancaster Pulley will make the hand grimier 
as good as anv power machine. Made in two sizes: 
12 inches by 2 % inches face, $1.50 
15 inches by 2 }% inches face, $2.00 
Parcel post paid. Made for Enterprise cutters. Nos. xa, 22 and 
32 ; alsT Universal Nos. 344 and 345 — give us the make and 
number, we’ll send the right pulley by return mail. 
LANCASTER PULLEY CO., 401 F Chestnut St., Lancaster, Pa. 
Farm Machinery and Water Systems 
The New GREENWOOD LIME 
and FERTILIZER DISTRIBUTER 
TOP FEED-NO RUSTING-NO CLOGGING 
Accurate indicator for 100 to 3,500 lbs. per acre, 
whether material ho wet, dry. sticky, lumpy, heavy 
or light. Write for booklet R to 
GREENWOOD MFC. CO., Lawrence. Mass. 
WEI I drilling 
YVJuLL MACHINES 
Over 70 sizes and styles, for drilllnrr cither deep or 
shulhiw veils in any kind of soil or melt. Mounted < t 
wheels or on sills. With engines or horse powers. Stro<" 
simple nml durable. Any mechanic can operate them 
easily. Seim for catalog.' 
WILLIAMS BROS.. Ithaca, N. Y. 
FOR MEN 
Every garment is shaped to the figure, and guaranteed 
not to shrink. 
Glastenbury two-piece flat-knit underwear has a record of 
over half a century’s satisfaction to the consumer. 
Affords protection against sudden chills, colds, pneu¬ 
monia and rheumatism. 
Made in fifteen grades, and all weights of fine wools, 
worsted and merino. 
See special feature of adjustable drawer bands on 
Natural Gray Wool, -winter weight.per garment $1.50 
Natural Gray Wool, winter weight (double thread)_per garment 1.76 
Natural Gray Worsted, light weight .per garment 1.60 
Natural Gray Australian Lamb’s Wool, light weight..'..per garment 1.75 
Natural Gray Worsted, medium weight .per garment 3.00 
Natural Gray Australian Lamb’s Wool, winter weight, per garment 8.50 
For Sale by Leading Dealers 
Write for booklet—sample cuttings. Yours for tlie asking. 
Dept. .15 
Glastonbury Knitting Company, Glastonbury, Conn. 
