1348 
THE RURAb NEW-YORKER 
November 14, 
L ive Stock and Dairy 
FARM STOCK BREEDING. 
Swine Breeding. 
Part V. 
ARD AND BACON TYPES—A few 
years ago the great demand was for 
what has been termed the “lard” 
type of hog. This demand of the local 
butchers and packing houses was in re¬ 
sponse to a similar demand from across 
the waters. Foreign countries demanded 
pickled or salted meat and the lard type 
of hog in the one most valued for this 
purpose because of the large amounts of 
fat which most salt pork eaters want 
along with the lean. The lard type of 
hog embraces the Poland China, Chester 
White and Duroc Jersey breeds. Often, 
the Berkshire is also enumerated in this 
class. These hogs are broad backed with 
a cylindrical form and the ability to put 
on internal fat when corn-fed. In fact, 
the lard hog is the one which is almost 
wholly raised in the corn belt. It is 
claimed that a few generations of feed¬ 
ing even this type of hog on the cereals 
such as barley, rye and wheat will in 
time cause them to lose their rotundity 
of body and become more the type of the 
bacon hog. 
Instead of exporting pork in pickle 
now, approximately three-fourths of our 
export trade is in bacon and so the rais¬ 
ing of this class of hogs has largely dis¬ 
placed that of the lard hogs except in 
the exclusive corn States. Where hogs 
are fed on some other fattening stuffs 
besides corn, there is a tendency to pro¬ 
duce more muscle. This is due to the 
higher percentage of protein contained in 
hand, a bone sufficient to sustain the 
weight which will be placed upon it is 
what is desired. One point upon which 
the market is especially “cranky” is a 
short snout. A carlot of long snouted 
market hogs will not command a pre¬ 
mium by any means. This statement 
must not be construed to mean that the 
seemingly long snouts of the bacon hog 
are charged up against them but for a 
hog of the lard type to have this snout 
would be considered a defect. The mar¬ 
ket wants uniformity of color, size and 
conformation. While this has no weight 
when selling only a hog or two to the 
i .il trade, it is quite an item in a 
carload of fat or bacon hogs. There is 
no question but that such a lot of swine 
is hard to keep uniform but the efforts 
of the breeder in this direction are sure 
to be rewarded in the form of more cash. 
The Purebred Boar. —The purebred 
boar has just as good a chance to stamp 
his characteristics upon his offspring as 
has any other high-class sire but simply 
because a boar is purebred and has a 
record a mile long is no sign that he will 
improve the herd. We should be just as 
careful in choosing him as we would a 
beef bull and not be guilty of raising for 
sale as sires all purebred male hogs. Se¬ 
lect a boar that stands up to the market 
requirements. If the market to which 
one’s sales are made wants bacon hogs, 
choose a sire of the breeds mentioned and 
note that he has long, deep sides, suffi¬ 
cient yet not coarse quality of bone and 
a mild temperament. A point about 
which there is some contention is the 
emphasis which may properly be placed 
upon the bristles covering the animal. 
Some authorities assert that these are an 
index to the qualities of flesh and bone 
which lie under them while other equally 
A NINE-HUNDRED POUND 
the cereals than in the corn : proteid feeds 
make muscle. Corn is especially rich in 
starches and as this class of feeds ulti¬ 
mately is converted into animal fat, we 
can expect the lard hog to be more profit¬ 
able and easily raised where corn is the 
exclusive fattening diet. 
The bacon breeds are the Large York¬ 
shire and Tamwortli while in some local¬ 
ities. the Berkshire hog is enumerated 
in this class, also. Because of their 
greater proportions of muscle, these ani¬ 
mals are more active and as the bacon 
is that portion in which their main value 
lies, they have been bred many genera¬ 
tions for length and depth of side meat. 
They are more angular, with less breadth 
of back, usually longer on legs and with 
a body conformation which is rectangular 
rather than cylindrical. The breeders 
are striving toward longer and deeper 
sides with fat and lean meats well mixed. 
This gives a better grade of bacon and 
after all, the demands of the market are 
what breeders in all classes of stock must 
meet, if they are to make their business 
profitable. 
Market Requiremexts. —As to the 
market requirements for hogs, it demands 
bacon—then more bacon and when that 
is exhausted, the buyers buy fat pork 
for pickling. Our export trade to people 
engaged in land occupations is mostly 
in bacon while meat in pickle is used 
largely for feeding armies, fishing expedi¬ 
tions. exploring parties and others en¬ 
gaged in pursuits which require a cheap¬ 
er, yet well preserved meat. 
The weight of hogs which the market 
demands was at one time for hogs weigh¬ 
ing from 400 to 500 pounds, but during 
the last three or four years, an excessive¬ 
ly large hog has been somewhat dis¬ 
counted, and the urgent need is for a hog 
weighing when marketed from 250 to BOO 
pounds. These are bringing the top 
notch prices and it seems better for the 
farmer to market his hogs at this weight 
than to keep them longer. The younger 
any fattening animal is, the more econom¬ 
ical are the gains which can be put on 
by feeding. Experiment stations and 
practical farmers have proven that it 
costs less to keep two thrifty pigs grow¬ 
ing until they weigh from 250 to BOO 
pounds than to make a single animal 
weigh from 500 to 000 pounds. 
There is a distinct type of animal 
which is most in demand. This is a 
short, close-coupled hog with a small 
bone. Since bone can hardly be consid¬ 
ered an article of diet, the market wants 
no more of it than it actually has to 
have. An excessively large bone can be 
transmitted by a boar just as well as 
length and depth of side; on the other 
MULE-FOOT IIOG. Fig. 586. 
as good authorities emphatically deny 
this statement. There can be no set rule 
in this regard but it would seem that ex¬ 
cessively coarse bristles are to be discour¬ 
aged while on the other hand, exceeding 
fineness usually goes with the delicate 
animal. Delicacy is esteemed in some 
farm animals but the delicate hog is 
scarcely a utility animal because a hog 
is valued largely because of the amounts 
of food which he can consume and from 
which he is able to make such economi¬ 
cal gains. 
Selection of Brood Sows. —Do not 
make the mistake of selecting sows for 
breeding purposes that measure up to 
the market standards. The short, close¬ 
ly knit sow is scarcely ever a prolific 
breeder. On account of the small room 
which is given for the reproductive or¬ 
gans, the litters from such sows are usu¬ 
ally small. It is a common occurrence 
for such sows to lack nipples enough to 
feed a large litter. Also, the short¬ 
bodied animal seldom has the stomach 
capacity which enables her to consume 
a sufficient quantity of food, from which 
to make the milk which is needed for 
rapid development in the pigs. The uni¬ 
formity of one’s product carries so much 
weight in fixing the market price, that 
grade sows at least ought to be the 
mothers of the future market stock. One 
must not, however, think that the pres¬ 
ent stock must be sold and grade stock 
bought. Use the stock on hand with 
purebred boars. The first generation will 
be grades, the next generation will be 
three-fourths pure-blood and so on. Let 
the brood sows be long in body with 
fairly good depth. This will allow for 
good stomach capacity and also gives am¬ 
ple room for the reproductive organs 
which must be strong if the sow is to be 
prolific and bear vigorous litters. The 
first time a sow farrows, she is likely to 
have a small litter of inferior pigs. 
Give her another chance and then if 
she does not bring forth a good sized 
litter of healthy pigs, send her to the 
butcher. Once having discovered a sow 
that invariably farrows eight or 10 pigs 
and has the ability to feed them all and 
keep them growing, do not under any 
circumstances allow the butcher to knife 
her. She is an animal that cannot be 
duplicated every day in the week. 
The size of litter each sow should 
have is a much disputed point. The pro¬ 
lificacy of some breeds have been very 
seriously impaired by heavy feeding and 
selection of short bodied brood sows. The 
simple fact that constant breeding from 
such sows has impaired their prolificacy 
shows that the size of litter is inherit¬ 
able. A sow pig from a mother that pro* 
HORS 33 S 
FOR SALE— This team Bay Horses, 15-3 hands—safe and 
sound—accustomed to automobiles and trains. Depot 
wagon, Side Bar top wagon, open runabout—pole and 
shafts with all. Two sets Double Harness, two sets 
I Single Harness. Also chestnut Pony 11 hands. Pony 
I earl. Harness, Blankets, and stable fixtures. Particulars, 
HAYWARD, - 129 Lafayotte St., Now York City 
P ERCHERON STALLIONS-P.uy front farmers. Our 
hobby is quality. S Schoontnaker, Gardiner, N. Y. 
— SHETLAND PONIES 
of quality. Prices rea¬ 
sonable. Write for Fall 
- ■ Catalog to Dept. L. 
THE S1IA1>YSII>E FA1IMS, North Benton. Ohio 
S II EEP 
Rambouillet, D0RSET ' LJ - cp --' 
COTSWOLD. CHEVIOT 
RAMS POLAND. ESSEX. OUROC and 
YORKSHIRE SWINE —all ages. 0. H. TOWNSEND, Lodi, N Y. 
HAMPSHIRE RAMS; 
Highest quality, best 
breeding, lowest prices. Stock ram, sure breeder 
of good ones. HAS I,EXT BKOS., Seneoa, NY. 
REGISTERED SHROPSHIRE, yearling Ewes and rams 
■ * bred right at low ju ices. FRED VAN VLEET, Lodi, N Y. 
F OU SALE—REGISTERED SHROPSHIRE 
HAMS, Lincoln ranis, Delaine Merino rams; 
| also Devon bulls. CHESTER HAMLIN, East Wilton, Maine 
R egistered Shropshire yearling 
RAMS. Ewes for sale. Sired by an imported 
j rani. A Iso ram and ewe lambs. H. B. Covert, Lodi, N. Y. 
R egistered Shropshire rams for 
SALE—Yearling and two-year-olds, from im¬ 
ported sire. E. E STEVENS & SON. Wilson, New York 
CWEC rnn QAI C— 30 Shropshire and 20 South- 
rUn uHLC downs, now being bred to 
the very best Imported rams, in lots to suit, at rea¬ 
sonable pricos- J. C. DUNCAN, Lewiston, N. Y. 
SHROPSHIRES 
We offer at a rare bargain for foundation stock, 18 
young high-class Registered Ewes and a Registered 
yearling Ram, fit to bead any flock. No finer bunch 
of field Ewes in the State. Will ship on approval to 
any responsible party. Write for price and particu¬ 
lars. H. H. GOSLKE & SON, Oneida, N. V. 
Special Sale for Nov. and Dee. of 
Registered TunisSheep 
150 head. Both sexes. All ages. Mule-foot pigs, 
both sexes. Some bred sows. Indian Runner and 
White Brazilian drakes. White Cochin China Ban¬ 
tam Roosters. Prices low. Write for booklet of in¬ 
formation and prices. J. N McPHERSON, Scottsville.N Y. 
| HOR.S3SS _] 
FOR SALE 
SUFFOLK STALLION 
Fine Suffolk stallion, bred in the west, and whose 
pedigree is unknown to the owner. Five years old 
in spring. Dapple grey; 17 hands high; weight, 
1450; a fine driver and will work in all harnesses; 
sound and gentle to handle, the kind to breed to. 
Will sell on easy terms, or will trade on a pair of 
two year-old colts. F. L. PLANKENHORN, Prattsville, N Y. 
50 STALLIONS 
and MARES, $250 to $1000 each 
Write for my Illustrated 
Circular telling why 1 can save 
you money on the purchase of a Per- 
cheron or Belgian Stallion or Mare. 
A.W.Green,Midd!efield,0. 
R. R. Sta., E. Orwell, on Penna. Ry. 
Midway between Ashtabula &Warren 
= Feed Molasses = 
Cuts cost of feeding. Write quick for prices. 
PITTSBURGH MOLASSES CO., Dep 4i^ N s B I ) 0 n 6 GK: n e n A Av * 
RAISE CALVES 
THE 
BLATCHFORD 
WAY 
Costs only one-fourth as much as raising them 
on whole milk. Calves like it—grow rapidly. 
Blatchford’s Calf Meal 
A Per foot Milk Equal 
Thoroaffhly steam cookod—prevents scours and other 
troubles. Makes bigr bones, solid flesh 
[ Let us tsll you also about Blatchford's PI* Msal. Carries 
little pigra over the danger period at wcaniner time.] 8 
At your dealer's,or write os. Illustrated pamphlets free. 
Blatchford Calf Mca I Factory, 9 Madison St. Waukegan. ID. 
HANDY BINDER 
ROHKHTSOV’S CHAIN 
HANGING STANCHIONS 
U I have used them for more 
than TWENTY YEARS, and they 
have given the very best of satis¬ 
faction in every way,” writes 
J list us IT. Cooley, M.D., Plainfield 
Sanitarium, Plainfield, N. J. 
Thirtv davs* trial on application 
O. II. ROBERTSON 
YFush. St., F orestvllle. Conn* 
TUST the thing for preserving files of 
The Rural New-Yorker. Durable 
and cheap. Sent postpaid for 25 cents. 
‘The RURAL NEW-YORKER 
333 West 30th Street, New York City 
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