1332 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
November 21, 
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FEEDING PROBLEMS 
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Dairy Ration With Alfalfa. 
W ILL you balance a ration for cows 
averaging 1000 pounds in weight, 
giving from 20 to 40 pounds milk 
a day? My roughage consist of good 
silage and first-cutting Alfalfa hay of 
good quality, also have a lot of corn fod¬ 
der which I would like to feed without 
affecting the milk flow. For grain I cau 
get dry brewers’ grains at $30 per ton, 
bran $35, dried beet pulp $28, cornmeal 
$35, gluten $33, oil meal $40 and cotton¬ 
seed meal $32 per ton. Is it safe to feed 
Alfalfa hay right after a cow freshens, 
as this is my first year with Alfalfa? 
Connecticut. P- J. C. 
I would recommend feeding the corn 
fodder during the Fall and early Winter, 
as it gets less palatable and not so easily 
digested with age. I think 1 should feed 
Alfalfa in the morning, corn fodder at 
noon, and silage at night, after milking. 
The order, however, is mainly a matter 
of convenience. Scatter on the silage two 
pounds each of brewers’ dried grains, 
cottonseed meal and cornmeal. With the 
Alfalfa and silage feed what the cows 
will clean up readily. They will prob¬ 
ably leave some of the coarser corn 
stalks, unless the corn is of a small va¬ 
riety. When the corn fodder is gone, 
feed silage twice daily, 15 to 18 pounds 
per cow at a feeding with Alfalfa once 
a day. Feed grain on silage, about four 
to six pounds daily. There is no danger 
in feeding Alfalfa hay to a fresh cow if 
she has had it before freshening. 
C. L. M. 
Feeding a Work Team. 
W OULD you give me a balanced feed 
for heavy team horses? At pres¬ 
ent I am feeding six quarts oats 
and all the hay they will eat per horse; 
in all 12 quarts of oats besides plenty 
of good hay, bran mash at times also. 
The above for two horses. s. J. 
It is a mistake to give work horses all 
the hay they will eat. If allowed free 
access to well-cured hay, work horses 
will consume an enormous amount of 
bay. which is not only expensive but re¬ 
sponsible for digestive troubles, and even 
heaves. A safe rule is to feed 1% 
pounds of grain for each 100 pounds of 
live weight of the animal, and one pound 
of hay for each 100 pounds live weight 
of the animal. It is assumed in this case 
that the horses are doing average work. 
In case the work is more strenuous, in¬ 
crease the grain ration, but the quantity 
of the hay should be substantially the 
same. The bulk of the hay should be 
fed at night. In case the animal was re¬ 
ceiving 10 pounds of hay per day, three 
pounds in the morning, and seven pounds 
at night would be the most satisfactory 
division of this quantity. The major 
portion of the grain should be fed at 
noon, as the animal needs concentrated 
feed at this time of the day in case he 
is to work with ease during the balance 
of the day. To start horses at work in 
the morning filled to the brim with hay 
or to repeat this practice at noon, is a 
system of feeding that is not found in 
stables where the horses are maintained 
in the best physical condition and fed 
with the greatest economy. An excel¬ 
lent grain mixture to be fed at this 
season of the year would be as follows: 
300 pounds oats, 200 pounds shelled or 
cracked corn, 100 pounds wheat bran. 
If the animals are then in flesh the 
amount could bo increased, and it would 
be well if the animals are out of condi¬ 
tion and their coats are not in a fine 
silky condition to add a small amount of 
oil meal to the feed daily. 
Salt should be available at all times 
but should not be mixed with the feed. 
The use of clover or Alfalfa hay makes 
it possible to get along with a smaller 
amount of grain. Straight Timothy hay 
serves its best purpose when fed to work 
or driving horses. If the animals are 
doing extra heavy work, it is necessary 
to increase the amount of grain. On the 
other hand, it is just as essential to cut 
the grain ration in half during idle days 
or holidays. A serious condition exists 
where animals are fed the same amount 
of grain and hay each day, regardless 
of the amount of work that they are per¬ 
forming. F. C. MINKLER. 
Ration for Milch Cow. 
W ILL you give me a ration for a cow 
now giving about 14 quarts daily? 
She is due to freshen about next 
March. We have cornstalks—sweet corn 
with some ears on mangels, small po¬ 
tatoes, carrots, bran, gluten, oil meal, in 
fact all sorts of grain, ground and un¬ 
ground. Our stalks, mangels, etc., are 
grown on the place, while the grains and 
their products we have to buy. I want 
to feed cheaply as possible. We also 
have to buy hay. Would there be any 
advantage in cutting stalks up like sil¬ 
age? We have a machine which will do 
that. G. A. c. 
A suitable grain mixture for dairy 
cows with the available feeds as sug¬ 
gested would be as follows: Gluten, 100 
pounds; bran 50 pounds; cornmeal 400 
pounds; cottonseed meal 100. 
A cow giving 30 pounds of 4% milk 
should be given 7% pounds of this mix¬ 
ture daily. In addition she should be 
given what corn fodder she would clean 
up with relish, and providing the cost 
of cutting or shredding the fodder was 
not excessive it would pay well for the 
labor involved. There is nothing that 
makes any better bedding for cows than 
cut cornstalks, and they will pick over 
the litter much more carefully provided it 
is shredded. It is assumed that the 
sweet corn fodder is in the shock, and 
this may be fed on the same basis as the 
corn fodder suggested above. Succulence 
should be provided, by means of mangel- 
wurzels and carrots, a reasonable amount 
being a pound of the mangel-wurzels for 
each pound of milk produced. In this 
case 30 pounds of mangel-wurzels would 
supply an abundance of succulence. 
There is very little feeding value in small 
potatoes, yet in the absence of succulence 
as supplied by corn silage or mangel- 
wurzels, potatoes do increase the flow of 
milk. They would serve a better pur¬ 
pose in case they were cooked and fed 
to swine. It would be possible to get 
along without the use of any hay, in 
case there was an abundance of corn 
fodder or sweet corn stalks. In case the 
supply is limited, it might be well to 
feed from five to seven pounds of clover 
or Alfalfa hay per day in addition to the 
stalks. F. C. MINKLER. 
N. J. Experiment Station. 
Feeding Sheaf Oats. 
W HICH will pay me better—to chop 
unthrashed oats into two-inch 
pieces for feeding, or thrash and 
feed with the long straw? D. s. K. 
You do not say what kind of stock the 
oats are to be fed to, but we presume you 
will give them to horses. The plan you 
mention will answer, provided you know 
how much grain you are giving when you 
feed the oats. The great trouble in feed¬ 
ing grain of this kind either in the bundle 
or when chopped up. or in feeding corn 
without husking, is that unless we thrash 
out several bundles of the oats we do not 
know how much grain the stock receives, 
and we are liable to feed too much or not 
enough. If you can tell just how much 
grain a feed of this chopped oats will 
give, and how much meal you want to 
add. the plan will work reasonably well, 
and the horses will probably eat more of 
the chopped straw than they would if the 
whole straw was fed them. 
Oats for the Calf. 
W E bad a very peculiar experience 
with a calf this season. Calf was 
dropped .Tune 22, and when three 
days old was taken from the cow. and 
put on skim-milk, and calf food. . It be¬ 
gan to scour very badly. We cut out 
the calf food, and scalded the milk. No 
improvement. It grew worse if any¬ 
thing. Then we tried hay tea, whole 
milk, and all sorts of combinations, add¬ 
ing flour and feeding raw eggs, until the 
poor thing got so weak it could hardly 
stand, and as a last resort some one sug¬ 
gested rolled oats, made into a porridge. 
I tried it on a small quantity, made quite 
thin (about this time could not get any 
more milk). The calf began to gain, 
and ceased to scour. As soon as I could, 
I got more milk and thinned the gruel 
with it, and the calf would not eat it! 
From that time, it has not had a drop 
of milk, and is doing finely. I have fed 
about one pint of oats to a feed, feed¬ 
ing three times a day. At present I am 
not feeding quite so much oats, but am 
giving it at noon, a feed of vegetables, 
such as pumpkins, squash and small po¬ 
tatoes. I have had the calf hitched out 
every dav on grass, and now it eats any¬ 
thing. The last of this month I shall 
feed ground oats dry, about a pint to a 
feed. This is our fourth calf (raised by 
hand). We lost one last Spring from 
the scours, which we might have saved 
if we had fed oats. I. S. c. 
AILING ANIMALS. 
Indigestion. 
I HAVE a horse that coughs up a whit¬ 
ish, slimy fluid, and will not eat when 
in this condition. Sometimes it is so 
severe that it resembles vomiting. It 
has been relieved by do:'/,' with aro¬ 
matic spirits of ammonia, and does not 
appear again for a couple of weeks. I 
am told that it is catarrh of the stomach. 
Do you think it can t>e permanently 
cured? What would you suggest to feed, 
also prescribe? E. l. ii. 
The substance referred to probably is 
chyme from the stomach, and the horse 
will need more careful feeding. Possibly 
he bolts his feed without perfect masti¬ 
cation. Feed from a very large box so 
that the grain will spread out thin on 
the bottom. You might also mix a few 
hard pens with the oats to induce chew¬ 
ing. Slightly acidulate the drinking wa¬ 
ter with dilute hydrochloric acid. 
Suppurating Corn. 
W IIAT can I do for a horse that got 
gravel in his foot? He became 
very lame. The blacksmith shod 
him and put tar and oakum in the foot 
and a leather under the shoe, said if not 
better to cut out leather and soak out 
foot. Is that right? c. E. c. 
Horses do not suffer from gravel iu 
the foot. That is a misnomer by the 
blacksmith for a corn which has come 
from bruising by the shoe or some such 
cause, with formation of pus which soft¬ 
ens and under-runs the sole. After the 
affected part has softened and opened 
gravel or dirt might possibly work in, 
but not before. The right treatment is 
to cut away all loose and under-run sole 
and wall, to expose the diseased tissues, 
then scrape these and cauterize with a 
saturated solution of corrosive sublimate, 
after which cover the parts with a mix¬ 
ture of one dram of iodoform and seven 
parts of boric acid, absorbent cotton and 
bandages. The dressing should be re¬ 
newed once daily. The operation should 
be performed by a graduate veterinarian. 
Mare With Heaves. 
I HAVE a mare with heaves; can do 
light work, good roader. I would like 
to breed her as she is sound otherwise. 
Would Fowler’s solution or any other 
heaves remedies be dangerous to give 
mare in foal? She is on grass now and 
not working. L. s. M. 
New York. 
It is a mistake to breed from an un¬ 
sound mare. The tendency to heaves by 
many is considered hereditary. That is 
our belief as we have known many cases 
in corroboration. All heavy horses have 
gluttonous appetites and the appetite is 
hereditary and induces heaves, if much 
bulky, or dusty, coarse, innutritious fod¬ 
der is allowed just before working. Fow¬ 
ler’s solution, as often prescrib d here for 
heaves, may safely be given iu correct 
doses to a mare in foal. 
Obstructed Teat. 
A JERSEY cow is a very hard milker. 
The veterinarian says the milk duct 
is thick from the udder to the end 
of teat, and there is no cure. What is 
your advice? J. Y H. 
Pennsylvania. 
Where the entire milk duct is obstructed 
by thickening its lining membrane the 
only hope of improvement will come from 
the* daily insertion of sterilized teat plugs, 
or dilators, which may be ordered through 
your druggist or veterinarian, from a 
dealer in veterinary instruments. Were 
the obstruction merely at the tip of the 
teat it might be operated upon success¬ 
fully by means of a teat bistoury. 
Lame Calves. 
1 IIAYE some calves that seem to be 
lame. The trouble seems to be in the 
hoof. There is a dent in the hoof and 
it seems to be longer than normal. The 
calves are healthy and strong, eat well 
and are in good condition. They are out 
to pasture in an orchard. When they 
are feeding they go o-. their knees. 
New York. B. w. B. 
Confine the calves to a roomy, airy, 
well-bedded box stall in a clean stable. 
Poultice the hoofs with hot flaxseed meal 
until the calves can stand; then cover 
them with oakum saturated in a five per 
cent, solution of coal tar disinfectant and 
kept in place with bandages. If there is 
loose or under-run horn on tin' hoofs it 
should be cut off before starting the treat¬ 
ment. 
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Horse With Worms. 
At Your Fingers’ Tips 
A HORSE affected with worms has 
been out in pasture nearly all the 
time, and as this pasture is largely 
marsh grass it is possibly not good for 
him. Would I better discontinue the 
pasturing? In advising treatment you 
say “starve horse at least 12 hours be¬ 
fore giving oil and turpentine, then mix 
sulphur and iron with feed 24 hours 
afterward. Do you mean that he should 
have no food for 24 hours after taking 
oil and turpentine or simply that I be¬ 
gin to use the sulphur and iron 24 hours 
after the oil and turpe: tine? Would 
cornstalks do in place of hay and whole 
corn in place of oats and bran? I have 
plenty of corn and stalks. W. E. F. 
New York. 
When a horse has worms he should 
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worms. We have no actual evidence to 
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