BOYS’ AND GIRLS’ CLUB WORK. 
Poultry-keeping for Young People. 
I N November, 1912. I took up what was called 
Township demonstration work, in Butler Town¬ 
ship, Knox Co., O. The question arose, what was 
the best line of work for the boys and girls? The 
land in this township was not very fertile, and I 
thought the boys would not have much chance in 
corn club work in competition with the boys who 
lived in the rich corn lands. T found here quite a 
number of small farms, and I also found more than 
the usual number of poultry kept. My idea of the 
work is, when you find a people engaged in a work 
that is fairly well adapted to the environment, try 
development along that line. So I tried organizing 
a Roys’ and Girls’ Poultry Club. Four members were 
secured, three boys and one girl. 
On one Saturday, so as not to interfere with their 
school work, a demonstration poultry house was 
built at the home of one of the boys (see Fig. 634),) 
and on another Saturday a house was built at the 
home of the girl. Here was another idea to teach 
people to utilize the resources at hand. The parents 
of the boy wanted to know what was necessary for 
the building of the house. On looking about we 
found some rip-rap lumber of various kinds, and an 
old tumble-down board fence, so that all that was 
necessary to buy was a roll of three-ply roofing for 
the roof, a roll of two-ply roofing for lining the 
inside, a pair of hinges, some one-inch mesh poultry 
netting and some nails. At the girls’ home we got 
most of the material out of an old building (see Fig. 
635), but the girl did not like its appearance, and she 
soon had the house whitewashed (see Fig. 636). The 
boys and girls and even their parents seemed some¬ 
what surprised when I told them the hen would not 
ask what the house was built of or if it was painted. 
What was necessary to induce the hen to do her best 
was to make her comfortable and feed her properly. 
These boys and girls kept daily records of their 
flocks on blanks furnished by the Ohio Experiment 
Station, and made reports monthly to the station. 
This year 10 more members were added to the club, 
and at the second annual show 12 of 
the members exhibited, one of the boys 
having moved away. 
These boys and girls were allowed to 
keep one of two breeds. Single Comb 
White Leghorns or White Wyandottes. 
the object being to restrict the number 
of breeds and get the whole community 
united on color. During the year each 
member’s plant is visited and scored, 
and a prize given for the best flock, 
yard, building and surroundings. 
What good will this work be to the 
boys and girls? First, through the 
prizes offered it has resulted in intro¬ 
ducing into their flocks some of the best 
utility blood in the country, and dis¬ 
seminating the best poultry informa¬ 
tion obtainable. Prof. Jacoby of the 
Ohio Agricultural College having 
judged the poultry each year and de¬ 
livered lectures on poultry keeping. 
The prizes have been purebred poultry 
THE RUKA.Iv NEW-YORKER 
WORK OF A GASOLINE ENGINE. 
Requirements in Sawing Logs. 
OW large a saw will the ordinary gasoline engine 
drive through a log that is the length of the stick? 
Engine of six or eight horse power. a. b. c. 
Carmel, N. V. 
If I understand the question you wish to know 
how large a saw the average six to eight horse-power 
gasoline engine will drive when used to cut length¬ 
wise through the log. Other factors enter in here 
BUILDING A -DEMONSTRATION" POULTRY 
HOUSE. Fig. 634. 
that affect the power required more than the diame¬ 
ter of the saw does, a fast feed on a small saw some¬ 
times requiring more power than a slower feed on a 
saw of greater diameter. The thickness of the saw 
also affects the power required, for. of course, the 
thicker the saw is tlie more wood it is required to 
remove from the saw kerf in the form of a dust. Of 
course, one does not want to go to the other ex¬ 
1465 
great, or 1,000 revolutions per minute. This fact 
tends to balance up somewhat the power required 
for the various sized saws when they are to be used 
under the same conditions. 
A saw used for ripping will require more power 
to operate to full capacity than would a cutting-off 
saw of the same size—the work is more nearly con¬ 
tinuous and there is not the same chance for the 
engine to store up power in its balance wheels or 
the balance wheel of the saw. if it has one, that there 
is with the cutting-off saw with its short rests be¬ 
tween cuts. In other words, the rip saw would do 
a greater amount of work in a 10-liour day than 
would the cutting off saw. 
The nearest to a parallel case that I now know of 
is a shingle saw operated by a seven horse-power 
gasoline engine. This saw is probably 30 inches in 
diameter. While talking with the owner last Fall I 
was told that the engine was too light, and that he 
wished to get a heavier power. Going to the other 
extreme. I know of a portable sawmill driven by a 
20 horse-power gasoline engine that lags pretty badly 
toward the end <>f a tough log. It would seem that 
there was some fault in the adjustment here, how¬ 
ever. 
To work successfully a gasoline engine must have 
ample power for the work intended. It has no re¬ 
serve force to fall back upon in a pinch, as has the 
horse or steam engine: there is no energy in an 
available form stored in it. it is converted from the 
gasoline as fast as used; therefore, while it makes 
an excellent power as long as it is used within its 
capacity, an overload even for a short time is disas¬ 
trous, and it is best to err on the side of safety and 
have ample power for the work. r. h. smith. 
Canton Agricultural School. 
“W 
stock, agricultural papers and books. 
We think there is a possibility that 
some of these boys and girls may de¬ 
velop an egg-laying strain that will 
rival the famous Tom Barron yards. 
We are having the boys and girls watch 
the egg-laying contest, especially the 
records of Hope Farm's scrubs. How¬ 
ever, we tell them that while the editor 
may be experimenting with scrub chick¬ 
ens The R. N.-Y. is not a scrub paper. 
We took a record of nearly every 
farm in this township, and we found 
that very few farmers keep any book 
account of their business. In nearly 
every case, what information they gave 
us was from memory. We tried then 
to get each farmer to keep records of 
their flocks, thinking that in this enter¬ 
prise the whole family would be inter¬ 
ested, but we could succeed in getting 
but two families to keep the accounts 
for a year. In the boys' and girls’ club 
work we are trying to cultivate in them the habit of 
keeping records of their work. 
What we are trying most to do is instill into the 
minds of these boys and girls a desire to grow up to 
be efficient men and women, so that into whatever 
community they may go, that community will be the 
better because of their being there. We try to teach 
them that the value of land depends more on the kind 
of people that live on it than on the kind of soil. 
Ohio. CARY W. MONTGOMERY. 
THIS HOUSE NOT SATISFACTORY TO THE GIRL MEMBER. Fig. 6: 
treme and give the saw so little set that it pinches 
in the cut. 
The speed is also affected by the diameter, the 
larger the saw the slower the speed at which it is 
run. A leading saw manufacturer advocates a speed 
for the cutting edge of around 157 feet per second. 
To attain this speed a 12-inch saw would have to 
run at 8,000 revolutions per minute, while a 36-inch 
saw would have to run at a speed only one-third as 
THE USE OF RAW PHOSPHATE ROCK. 
HAT are the results and conclusions about 
the using of rock phosphate on land 
either with or without manure, as shown 
by the experiments at the various stations? The 
makers claim that by sprinkling it on manure before 
spreading on the fields it is made suffi¬ 
ciently available to give results prac¬ 
tically as good as to use the expensive 
acid phosphate.” r. l. n. 
Harrington. Del. 
In order to make a fair study of this 
question send for bulletins from the 
following experiment stations: Illinois. 
Urbana: Ohio, Wooster: Tennessee. 
Knoxville; Missouri. Columbia: Michi¬ 
gan. East Lansing; Pennsylvania. State 
College: Maryland. College Park. If 
the makers tell you that sprinkling this 
raw phosphate on manure will make it 
equal to acid phosphate they are sim¬ 
ply giving you a sample of very poor 
’■guff.'’ They know better. Acid phos¬ 
phate is made by treating this ground 
phosphate rock with sulphuric acid. 
There is nothing in the manure to com¬ 
pare with the powerful acid, and expe¬ 
riments have shown that the ground 
phosphate is little if any changed by 
the action of the manure. 
In the Central West, particularly in 
Illinois, the ground phosphate is highly 
recommended by the experiment station 
and by farmers. It seems to give best 
results when mixed with the manure 
and put on strong land well filled with 
organic matter. Naturally it does not 
give quick results, but is used mostly 
in a rotation of clover. Alfalfa and 
grain, where much organic matter is 
plowed under, and where a slow, steady 
gain in fertility is desired. In Ohio 
the conclusion seems to be that while 
the raw phosphate gave an increase of 
crop the acid phosphate gave more,, so 
that a dollar invested in the available 
acid phosphate was more profitable. In 
the Atlantic Coast States practically 
all the chemists and soil experts agree 
that acid phosphate is more profitable 
than the raw phosphate. This is due 
both to the soil and the crops. Our 
Eastern soils are as a rule thinner, and contain less 
organic matter than the Western soils. There is 
also less stable manure on most farms. Our crops, 
too. are more of the nature of potatoes, fruit or 
truck, which require a more available form of phos¬ 
phoric acid than the raw rock can furnish. 
We have known a Thanksgiving dinner of salt pork 
and bread which hunger made far more tasty than any 
meal ever served to a millionaire. 
