1853 . 
THE CULTIVATOR. 
25 
items of this large amount of profits, are the fol¬ 
lowingwheat, $404; hay, $106; potatoes, 161; 
peaches, $460; apples, $162; onions, $214; seed 
onions, $100; garden and farm seeds, $572, be¬ 
sides many crops of less value. It may he pro¬ 
per to state that the proprietors of this farm are 
among the best and most intelligent cultivators of 
fruit in the state, as the frequent premiums they 
have drawn from the State Society fully prove. 
The farm of McCulloch & Kirtland, of Green- 
bush, consisting of 130 acres of land, chiefly oc¬ 
cupied for dairy purposes, is managed at a cost of 
$1,409 per annum; on which the receipts are 
$3,858, leaving 1,948 as net profit, or about $15 
per acre, out of which interest is to be paid on the 
land. 
Albert G. Ford’s farm, in Fairfield, Herkimer 
county, contains 130 acres, 95 of which are im¬ 
proved land. The manufacture of cheese is the 
chief business; the yearly cost, $926; the whole 
receipts, including $1,200 worth of cheese, and 
$510 of hay, are $2,396, or $1,460 net profits. 
This is a net return of eleven dollars per acre for 
the whole farm, or over $15 dollars per acre for 
the improved portion. 
Now, such statements as these, (and we could 
furnish twenty more not unlike them from our 
own knowledge,) ought to convince all those who 
place the highest net profits on farm investments at 
three per cent, either that they are deficient in 
mental abilities, or have never informed them¬ 
selves of the best modes of farming; and we ad¬ 
vise them to buy at once this volume of Transac¬ 
tions, • and read over carefully the statements of 
the admirable management of these premium 
farms, and see-if they cannot make some improve¬ 
ment on their present superficial, skinning, earth¬ 
robbing system. - 
A Specimen of Neatness and Order. 
Jefferson county has been long celebrated for 
its agricultural intelligence—at least of that most 
worthy portion of its citizens who have sustained 
its excellent agricultural society; and it stands 
very high on the,.catalogue of dairy counties. 
When, therefore, the particular dairy is pointed 
out to us, which took the first premium last year, 
and which still maintains distinctly its pre-eminence 
we cannot fail to regard it with a good deal of in¬ 
terest. This dairy, belonging to Amos Goulding, 
we are informed, consists of only twelve cows, 
“ and had on hand, August 23d, 1,600 lbs., packed 
in 50 lb. tubs; adding one-third for the balance of 
the season, which is a fair estimate, will show a 
yield of 200 lbs. to the cow, over and above the 
use of the family; this, at 15 cents per lb., the 
price contracted for, will show the proceeds of 
each cow, from butter alone, at $30,” or $40 at 
present prices. The committee which examined 
this dairy, are confident the butter is equal to any 
Goshen ever tasted by them. Now for the ex¬ 
planation of this success. The committee found 
that the proprietor possessed not only a model 
dairy, but a model housewife . “ Every thing,” 
say they, u appertaining to this dairy* every arti¬ 
cle and place, which came under the care of Mrs. 
Goulding, showed the marks of system, industry, 
and economy; from the kitchen to the cellar, 
everything was the same, a perfect model of neat¬ 
ness and good housewifery.” 
Culture of Potatoes. 
I made one very satisfactory experiment the 
past season, on raising potatoes. On a good soil 
in the garden, I marked out a row (3§ rods in 
length) and on the level surface dropped the sets 
or cuttings about a foot apart in the the row. My 
hired man then immediately covered them three 
or four niches deep with straw from the stable, a 
very small proportion of horse dung being inter¬ 
mixed ; and over this covering another of earth 
about as deep, was applied, giving it the form of 
a low ridge. 
All the culture it received during summer, was 
the removal of a few weeds by hand. 
In autumn, the whole crop (about two bushels 
and one-third) was readily removed from the soil 
by a long-toothed iron rake with a short head; 
and this was done nearly as fast as another person 
could gather them into a basket. I think we 
never raised so fine a crop of pota.oes, and not 
the least appearance of rot was upon them. 
An acre contains four thousand eight hundred 
and forty (4840) square yards; and these, if ex¬ 
tended out in a right line, would reach two miles 
and three quarters—that is, there would be a strip 
one yard wide, of that length. But to come to 
the point—the rows in a potato field do well three 
feet apart. Now, if I had planted a whole acre 
in this manner, and if all parts of it had yielded 
as well as my short row, the produce would have 
been more than five hundred and seventy-five 
(575) bushels to the acre. 
I would further remark that potatoes growing 
in moist land (though they never ought to) should 
be removed as soon as they are mature Part of 
our field crop was dug early, and very few traces of 
the rot were discoverable; but a part remained a 
fortnight later in the ground, and some were in¬ 
jured by the dry rot. This damage occurred where 
a moist streak led through the whole patch, and 
which would doubtless have affected the other po¬ 
tatoes, had they remained there. Digging early , 
as well as 'planting on the surface, I hold to be 
great improvements. 
