1915, 
THE RURAL 
HEW-YORKER 
103 
Ruralisms 
AN ODD CHINESE NUT. 
HE fourth annual list issued by the 
Bureau of Foreign Seed and Plant 
Introduction shows the nut illustrated 
in Fig. 31. Botanically it is Pasania 
cornea, an ornamental evergreen tree 
closely allied to the oak. The nuts are 
a sort of acorn having an exceedingly 
attached rootlets are washed clean, and 
then carefully dried in an airy place, 
with partial shade. It takes four years 
for the marketable roots to mature from 
seed or root propagation. The estimated 
annual consumption is about 100 tons of 
the dried root. The estimated possible 
yield is one ton of dry root to the acre. 
The cultivated crop must compete with 
the wild, and overproduction would nat¬ 
urally result in falling prices. Golden 
seal is suggested as a minor money crop 
AN OLD CHINESE NUT, 
PASANIA CORNEA. 
Fig. 31. 
hard shell; they are very sweet and well- 
flavored, esteemed by Europeans as well 
as Chinese. Tlieye are sold in China like 
chestnuts. Young specimens have lived 
through two Winters at Washington, 
and the Bureau is now sending out plants 
for testing in localities where the Win¬ 
ter is not severe. 
GOLDEN SEAL UNDER CULTIVATION. 
W E are often asked for advice regard¬ 
ing the culture of native drug 
plants, golden seal and ginseng appeal¬ 
ing especially to the would-be cultivator, 
because of the glowing accounts of pro¬ 
fits commonly given. Some time ago the 
Bureau of Plant Industry issued a bul¬ 
letin on ginseng culture, by Lr. W. Van 
Fleet (Farmers’ Bulletin No. 551) ; the 
Bureau has now sent out a bulletin on 
golden seal (Farmers’ Bulletin No. 613) 
by the same investigator. 
Golden seal is a plant of admitted com¬ 
mercial value. It is becoming scarce in 
its natural locations, while the price con¬ 
tinues to increase. Up to 18S0 crude 
golden seal rarely ranged over eight to 
12 cents a pound, but since then rising 
prices have continued; in 1901 the 
prices, wholesale, increased to $1.35 and 
$1.50 a pound. Since then prices have 
gone still higher, and the bulletin states 
that for the last three years i rices paid 
to growers and collectors of golden seal 
have ranged from $3 to $4.25 a pound. 
The plant, botanically Hydrastis Can¬ 
adensis, is a perennial with a short yel¬ 
low rootstock marked with seal-like scars 
caused by the falling away of the annual 
stems. The stems grow to a foot or more 
in height, and bear two, or rarely three, 
large slightly hairy, five-pointed leaves. 
Before the leaves are fully formed, in 
May, a single small greenish white flow¬ 
er appears on a short branch above the 
upper leaf. This flower forms a berry¬ 
like fruiting head, bright red when ripe, 
rather resembling a large raspberry. The 
leaves and stems usually die down after 
the fruit ripens. 
The fresh rootstock is rarely over two 
inches in length, about three-fourths inch 
in thickness, with a profusion of fibrous 
yellow roots a foot or more in length. 
When dried for commercial use these 
rootlets are very brittle, hence must be 
carefully handled for the “fibre” has 
equal medicinal value with the rootstock, 
but brings a much lower price when sep¬ 
arated from it. 
Golden seal is found in open woodlands 
from Southern New York and Ontario 
westward to Minnesota, and south to 
Georgia and Kentucky, but is most 
abundant in Ohio, Indiana, West Vir¬ 
ginia and Kentucky. 
The culture of golden seal is quite sim¬ 
ilar to that of ginseng, but it is consid¬ 
ered a less difficult plant to grow For¬ 
est conditions are approximated by 
mulches and shading, lath sheds or inter- 
planted vines being used, but the plant is 
well suited to culture in forest beds, 
where it is shaded by tall trees rather 
than undergrowth. 
Roots are dug in the Autumn after the 
tops have died down. The rootstocks and 
for small growers, and especially for 
those who have already experimented 
with ginseng, and thus gained some 
knowledge of the requirements of forest 
plants. 
A politician, who was making a 
house-to-house canvass, came to a farm¬ 
house, when he observed a young woman 
standing at the gate, and the candidate 
gracefully lifted his hat and politely 
asked : “No doubt, my dear madam, your 
husband is at home?” “Yes,” responded 
the woman. “Might I have the pleasure 
of seeing him?” inquired the politician. 
“He’s down in the pasture a-buryin’ the 
dog,” was the reply from the Individual 
at the gate. “I am very sorry indeed, to 
learn of the death of your dog,” came in 
sympathizing tones from the candidate. 
“What killed him?” “He wore himself 
out a-barkin’ at the candidates,” said the 
woman.—Melbourne Australasian. 
Disk Bclore Plowing 
and after plowing. This method of 
tillage leaves no clumpy strata under 
the seed bed to cut off subsoil connec¬ 
tions— to cut o£E crop yields. With 
Cut&w&v 
mi i ■ ■ a ■ — 
( CJLA/3.K > 
Double Action Disk Harrows you can prac¬ 
tice this method without extra cost. They 
double cut every inch; they leave the land 
level; they are light draft; they save at least 
one horse and one 
man; they cost sur¬ 
prisingly little; and 
there’s a size for every 
farmer! 
Rigid frame; 
Dutt-fruof 
Ask your 
dealer to 
show you 
Cutaway' 
(Clark) Double 
Action Harrows. If 
he doesn’t sell them 
write us. Where we 
have no agent we ship direct. 
THE CUTAWAY HARROW COMPANY 
Maker of the original CLARK disk harrows and plows 
839 MAIN STREET HIGGANUM. CONN. 
F rozen 
Water 
Pipes ? 
The Jager Gauge on your 
kitchen faucet forewarns a 
freeze-up. Think of the 
worry and trouble it saves ? 
$3.00 by Parcel Post. Book¬ 
let containing valuable infor¬ 
mation sent free. :: :: 
CHARLES J. JAGER CO., Pumps, Gasoline Engines and Water 
Supply Systems, 15 CUSTOM HOUSE ST.. BOSTON, MASS. 
HORSE HEAD 
INCREASE THE VALUE OF YOUR FARM witli Pulverized 
Rock Phosphate, HORSE HEAD brand. Mix 2 lbs. per 
head per day and increase the value of your manure 
75%. Write ns for delivered car load price 
HASEROT LIME 8 PHOSPHATE CO., - CLEVELAND, 0. 
AGRICULTURAL LIME 
BULK AND SACKED GROUND LIMESTONE 
Also Hydrated, Bulk, Burnt and Ground Burnt Lime. 
Largest Capacities and Prompt Deliveries. 
JAMES E. GASTON, Cochranton, Penn’a 
LAHOMi A/Vr> SM\Lt.^MAND AHDpOWER. 
FIEND SPRAYER, 
"FRIEND" MFG CO. gasport.n*; 
rKANT-KLOG SPRAYER- 
9 sizes of sprays from one nozzle. S 
or stops instantly—saves solution 
work. Send for catalog. Agents wai 
Rochester Spray Pump Co. 
19S Broadway Rochester. I 
F ruit Growers: 
Wonderful 
Little 
Outfit 
Don’t break your back, spoil your dispo¬ 
sition, and lose your fruit in the bargain 
in trying' to spray your trees with a hand 
pump. You can not do a perfect job 
with a hand sprayer, and even though you could, a power outfit can 
now be had at so small a cost that no one with two dozen trees to 
spray can afford to be without it. The 
Carter Century 
Power Sprayer 
Is just the thing" for the small orchardist 
w o has not sufficient trees to warrant 
the purchase of an expensive outfit. This 
little rig will work all day and never get 
tired—will do just as thorough spraying 
as the large outfits- gives a steady spray 
at 125 to 150-lb. pressure. This outfit can 
also be used as a 4-row sprayer 
for potatoes and in applying" 
whitewash or cold-water paint. 
—j. This outfit is composed of a 
~~ - 3 Century Spray Pump brass cylin¬ 
der, 2)4 in. x 3J4 in. stroke ; a 4-cycle one-horse power gasoline engine, barrel, 25 ft. spray hose, 
spray rod, two simplex nozzles, etc., all mounted on hardwood skids._ You will be surprised at 
the small cost of this wonderful little outfit—and you can get it on trial. Just let us tell you all 
about it. Send your address today. 
RALPH B. CARTER CO., 150 Chambers St., New York 
THE HARDIE JUNIOR 
is a light weight efficient power sprayer of 
high pressure, adapted to all kinds of spray¬ 
ing and at one-half the usual price. It 
has the high pressure necessary for success¬ 
ful work and is guaranteed to maintain this 
high pressure at its full capacity. 
The Hardie Junior has proven a sensa¬ 
tional success owing to its small cost, extra 
high quality and mechanical perfection, 
PRICE SIdO.OO COMPLETELY EQUIPPED 
Truck S2S Extra 
Freight prepaid east of the Mississippi. 
More than 30,000 wide-awake hustling 
growers, among them the most prominent in 
America, use Hardie Sprayers. Experience 
has taught these men Hardie Sprayers are 
correctly constructed, thoroughly dependa- 
able and will stand up under the hardest 
usage. 
Send for free catalog describing the 
Hardie Junior, and our full line of power 
and hand sprayers, and we will send you 
our spraying guide free. 
HARDIE MFG. CO. 
Main Office and Factory: Hudson, Michigan. 
Branch Otficss: 49 North Front St., Portland, Ore. 
320 Market St., San Francisco, Calif. 
1 424 St. Louis Ave., Kansas City, Mo. 
Hagerstown. Md. 
Bullitt Building, Philadelphia, Pa, 
Don’t Stop Spraying 
It is easier to keep up than catch up It 
takes two years for trees to bear after the 
foliagro is destroyed Remember, too. that 
dormant spraying is important, and n 
some states spraying is compulsory 
Sprayed fruit is good fruit, and good fruit 
always brings a good price in any season. 
SPRAY! 
Get This FREE 
rmg 
Spraying Guide 
Bigger Crops! 
Better Quality 
It will pay you big to 
spray the Brown’s Auto 
Spray way this year; then 
you can be sure of thor¬ 
ough spraying. And then 
you can be sure of more, 
finer fruits, vegetables, 
field crops, flowers. 
300,000 users — farmers, 
orchardists, gardeners, 
U. S. Experiment Sta¬ 
tions, recommend to you 
—in all their 40 styles, hand 
and power. They especially re¬ 
commend Style No. 1—shown 
here. Capacity, 4 gallons, justi 
right for 6 acres field crops or l| 
acre trees. Fitted with Auto- 
Pop nozzle. Throws all kindsof 
sprays. Wonderfully fast, 
thorough work. See it—and 
entire line—at your dealer’s. Or 
write us for low prices. Free 
catalog and Free Spraying 
Guide. 
E. C. Brown Co. 
852 Maple St., Roche*ter,N.Y, 
MQHACE 
any wagron. 
Bucket. Barrel Power 
and Traction Sprayers 
include 70 combina¬ 
tions for orchard, 
field, garden, poultry 
house and homeuses 
Our* ’Spray' ’ booklet 
shows now you can 
buy barre I or bucket 
Sprayer now and 
build to larger uses 
when you need it 
Ask your dealer to 
show this line and 
write us for* ‘Spray 
booklet and ourspray 
calendar, both *ree 
Bateman M’f’g Co. 
B jx 24 
Grenloch, N.J. 
The Leader Power 
Sprayer—Keeps 10 
Nozzles Going at 
Once— 200 lbs. 
SPRAY 
Sprayer lor 
Up-to-date Orchardists 
All the power you need 
—fine mist spray—It 
reaches every part of 
trees and vines. Liquid 
thoroughly stirred and 
strainers brushed and 
kept clean automati¬ 
cally. Bucket, Barrel, 
Knapsack, 4- and 6-Row 
Potato Sprayers, Power 
Orchard Rigs, etc. A 
sprayer for every need. 
Send for catalog with 
spray formulas and directions. 
FIELD FORCE PUMP COMPANY 
Dept. 2 , Elmira, N. Y. 
Thorough Paying Spraying 
Use our two-hose, four nozzle “Pomona” 
Sprayer for healthier trees and bigger 
crops. Uniform pressure; non-corrod¬ 
ing; outside packed plungers — no 
leather. Fits any barrel. Ask your 
dealer to show you 
60 styles — hand, barrel and 
power. Guaranteed. Writ* 
k nearest office for book 
“How to Spray." 
^The Goulds Mfg.Co. 
Seneca Falls, 
N. Y. 
BRANCHES: 
Atlanta 
Houston 
Chicago 
Boston 
New 
L York, 
m 
The Morrill & 
Morley Way 
The ECLIPSE Spray Pump 
has been in service 20 years. 
Durable.efficient, economical. 
The U. S. Department of 
Agriculture uses it, and 
yo,u can make it profit¬ 
able in jour orchard, vine¬ 
yard or potato field. 
Catalog sent free, on 
request. 
Morrill & Morle, 
Mfg. Co., Box 4, 
Beotoo Harbor, Mich. 
Eclipse Spray Pum 
Will 
One E>« 3 .rrei oJ^’ScaJecide 
pray a>s many Trees a&Three Barrels 
.Lime Sulfur —- 
* Scalecide” has 
greater invigorating effect 
on your orchard—kills more scale, eggs 
and larvae of insects with half the labor to 
apply. We can back up this statement with facts 
concerning the Good Results from Using 
“SCALECIDE” 
Send for our illustrated booklet—“Proof of The Pudding'*. Tells how “Scalecide” will positively destroy San Jose and 
Cottony Maple Scale, Pear Psylla, Leaf Roller, etc., without injury to the trees. Write today for this FREE book and 
also our booklet—“Spraying Simplified”. 
Our Service Department can furnish everything you need for 
the orchard at prices which save you money. Tell us your needs. 
We are World Distributors for VREELAND’S ** ELECTRO SPRAY CHEMICALS and Arsenate 
of Lead Powder (33 per cent), which, used wet or dry, has no equal in strength or texture. Avoid imitations. 
B. G. PRATT CO.. M’f’i? Chemists Dept. N ‘ 50 Church Street, New York City 
