108 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
January 2o, 
Live Stock and Dairy 
Milk of a Heifer. 
I S a heifer’s milk as rich when she first 
freshens as when she develops to age? 
2. Does rich milk and poor milk 
weigh alike? 3. I would like the bill of 
fare of some of the expert feeders for 
butterfat. P. c. D. 
Fulton, Mo. 
1. A heifer’s milk is not as rich during 
her first lactation period as it is during 
her second and third lactation period. 
After the third lactation period the per¬ 
centage of fat declines very gradually. 
The variation between the test of the 
milk of the first lactation period and 
that given by the cow in old age is small, 
probably not more than one-half per cent, 
at the most. (The table given in reply 
to J. R. L.’s inquiry, page 12, illus¬ 
trates the variation in per cent, of fat 
in milk due to age of the animal). 
2. A quart of normal milk weighs ap¬ 
proximately 2.15 pounds whether it be 
high or low in butterfat. This is shown 
by the following figures compiled in con¬ 
junction with a local milk show. 
Ave. Sp. Gr. and Wt. of 1 Qt. of 10 
samples testing 5 to 5.5%, 1.0317. 
Specific Gravity Wt. of 1 Qt., 2.145. 
Ave. Sp. Gr. & Wt. of 1 Qt. of 10 
samples testing 3 to 3.5%, 1.0332. 
Specific Gravity Wt. of 1 Qt., 2.148. 
The specific gravity of milk is found 
by the use of the lactometer and the 
weight of one quart of milk is found by 
multiplying this specific gravity by 2.08 
the weight of one quart of water. The 
average specific gravity of milk is 1.032. 
3. It would be impossible to give our 
inquirer a balanced ration for his stock 
without knowing the feeds available and 
the milking capacities of his cows. A ra¬ 
tion being fed locally is made up of corn 
silage, mixed hay, 200 pounds cornmeal, 
100 pounds wheat middlings, 300 pounds 
dried brewers’ grains, 200 pounds cotton¬ 
seed meal, and 50 pounds oil meal. Brew¬ 
ers’ grains are being fed because they 
were secured at a low figure. They are 
giving good satisfaction. The oil meal 
is used for its laxative and general con¬ 
ditioning effect. In general feed three 
pounds silage and one pound hay to 100 
pounds live weight. Feed one pound 
of grain mixture to three pounds of milk. 
H. L. J. 
Drying Off Cow ; Paralyzed Chicken. 
W IIAT is the proper method of “dry¬ 
ing up” a cow giving between three 
and four quarts milk per day? 
Should she have any grain during dry¬ 
ing period and how much before calving? 
2. One of my chickens seemed to be par¬ 
alyzed in the legs so that she could only 
get around by use of wings. Her appe¬ 
tite was good. The first symptoms were 
lameness. I killed her, fearing conta¬ 
gion and now another is affected the same 
way. I can see nothing wrong except 
that the legs are very scaly. Can you 
advise cause, prevention and cure? 
I notice on page 17 that W. H. B. has 
trouble with streaky butter. If he will 
work the butter the day after churning or 
half a day after, I think he will overcome 
this trouble. After the butter has been salt¬ 
ed and has stood for some hours the salt 
causes the streaks and it has been my 
experience that this is overcome by the 
late working. H. s. B. 
1. Most cows can easily be dried by 
taking away all grain, feeding only dry 
fodder, and milking but once daily, and 
then not clean, until they are down to 
a quart or two at a mess, when milking 
should stop and the udder be left entirely 
alone even though it becomes filled and may 
seem to need attention. Occasionally a 
cow is found that is such a persistently 
heavy milker that she cannot be safely 
dried in this way; they are not common, 
however. After becoming dry, a cow 
should be well fed, as she needs as much 
food for the developing calf and her own 
preparation for the coming year’s work 
as though she were in milk. The grain 
ration need not be quite so heavy as dur¬ 
ing the flush of milking but it should be 
liberal; her food should be laxative in 
character and not heavy in such concen¬ 
trates as cornmeal and cottonseed meal. 
The wheat products may well form the 
basis of the ration, supplemented by a 
small quantity of cornmeal, oil meal, and 
gluten feed. Roots or silage are an in¬ 
variable addition to the ration because of 
their succulence and laxative character. 
2. Paralysis of the legs in young fowls 
is often noted as a result of close con¬ 
finement and heavy feeding; rheumatism 
is also sometimes responsible for the con¬ 
dition, or, at least, is supposed to be. It 
is not contagious. 
Your suggestions with regard to 
streaky butter are good. Churning should 
be stopped while the butter is still in the 
granular state; the buttermilk should be 
drained off and the butter washed in 
cold water until all buttermilk is re¬ 
moved. It should then be drained by 
tilting the container and allowing it to 
stand in a cool place until all excess of 
moisture has been removed. If the but¬ 
ter has been kept in a granular condition 
this will be accomplished within an hour 
or two. The proper amount of salt 
should then be lightly worked in and the 
butter allowed to stand until the salt 
has dissolved and become incorporated 
with the butter. A few hours later, or in 
cold weather, within a day or two, the 
butter should be re-worked until all 
streaks have disappeared and then be 
packed. Little actual working is needed 
and the less that is done, the better. 
M. B. D. 
Enlarging a Barn. 
I HAVE a barn 30x40 feet. On ac¬ 
count of increased crops I must en¬ 
large next Spring. Am thinking of 
putting an addition of 32 feet on end of 
barn, making it 30x72 feet. Can I put 
a concrete wall under this building, and 
how, so it will not crack? Will stable, 
being about 28 feet in clear, be wide 
enough for two rows of cows? J. M. 
There should be no difficulty in build¬ 
ing a concrete wall so that it will not 
crack; or, if you refer to cracking the 
building already standing when replac¬ 
ing the wall by concrete, any competent 
.carpenter or mason will shore it up 
while putting a new wall beneath it so 
that it will not be disturbed; this is 
supposing it to be a frame building. Two 
rows of cattle may stand in a space 28 
feet wide, though there will be no room 
to spare, and quarters will be a little 
cramped. Allowing a seven foot drive¬ 
way between the rows, a 15-foot gutter, 
a four-foot six-inch standing platform, a 
21-inch bunk and three feet for feed al¬ 
leys the space would be just filled. Most 
dairymen would wish an eight or nine- 
foot driveway and a four-foot feed al¬ 
ley in front of the cows, but many are 
compelled to get along with less. 
M. B. D. 
Silage Corn for Short Season. 
I AM considering filling a silo for the 
first time next season and would like 
a discussion of the various kinds of 
corn to be sown for the same. In this 
immediate locality we rarely have a sea¬ 
son of 90 days without a frost, so that 
the larger varieties of corn like Learning 
are put into silos before maturity. Would 
it be to better advantage to plant this 
variety, letting it get frosted before put¬ 
ting in silo, or plant one of the smaller 
varieties which would have a better 
chance to reach maturity? c. b. m. 
Corry, Pa. 
This question comes up every year for 
discussion. Some farmers figure that it 
pays better to produce as much bulk as 
possible. Thus they plant a large- 
stalked corn like Eureka, which gives a 
heavy yield of stalk but not well-ma¬ 
tured ears. This corn fills the silo, and 
the farmers expect to feed cottonseed 
meal or other strong grain feed with it 
to balance the ration. Others go to the 
other extreme, and plant the flints—thus 
obtaining a crop with rather small stalks 
but well-matured ears—all being cut into 
the silo together. Silage from such corn 
is of better quality than the other. We 
think it is best on the whole to use the 
variety that you would for grain, and 
cut it into the silo about when you would 
husking. We will hear from the advo¬ 
cates of either plan. Give reasons for 
your practice. 
Cost Of Raising Pig.— On page 1450 
it tells the cost of keeping roasters. I 
want to raise a pig, but am told it will 
cost more to raise one than it would to 
buy the pork. I would like to know if 
anyone in New England has a pig and 
figures to tell just what it does cost to 
feed him on a farm where milk is sold 
and grain bought. a. d. l. 
Masachusetts. 
HARNESS BOOK FR£F 
SAVE MONEY and get 
innch better goods—a custom-made, Oak-tanned 
harness DIRECT FROM FACTORY at whole¬ 
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KING Harness 
lias been on the market 32 years, Free catalog is an 
eye-opener on harnesses. 76 styles including horse 
clothing. Write right now for your free book. 
KING HARNESS CO., 12-22 Main St.. Rome, N.Y. 
Cut down your 
feed ^ 
and make 
More Profits 
Feed less war-priced grain and chop 
feeds, but get better results from your 
milk cows, fat stock and horses, by feed¬ 
ing lower-cost 
XTRA-VIM FEED 
Porto Kican cane molasses for strength and 
flosn—combined with sphagnum moss for digestive 
action—in a dry form nice to handle. Takes tho 
place, weight for weight, of feeds it replaces, such 
as corn, oats, chop, and costs 
much loss 'that is clear gain. 
Animals “go for it” — and it 
makes other feed taste better 
when mixed in. 
Is not sticky, handles without 
waste, licks up clean and won't 
“muss up” animals or fixtures. 
Other practical feeders have 
proved its economy and merit 
—so cam you I 
Send for our Free Literature 
on Live Stock ami Poultry 
Feeding. Wo sell direct 
__ _ . where dealer cannot supply. 
(In 100-lb. Bags) 
Xtravim Molasses Feed Company 
30 Broad Street Boston, Mas.** 
Tbcre’s bi# money ami littlo 
trouble for you in raising your 
calf the Blatchford way. 
You can save all the milk of the cow 
for market. As soon as the mother cow ’a 
milk is ready to sell, the calf is ready for 
Blatehford’s Calf Meal 
—For over a century the Recognized Milk 
Food for Calves, at One-Fourth the Cost of Milk 
Composed of eleven different ingredients care¬ 
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a scientifically balanced ration for the young call. 
Successfully used on thousands of American 
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The Only Milk Equal Made In an Exclusive Calf 
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Blatchford's Pip Meal Insures rapid, sturdy growth 
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Write for Free Illustrated Book on **ITow to Raise 
Calves Cheaply and Successfully Without Milk.'* 
Blatchford’s Calf Meal Factory 
9Madlton Street <•) Waukegan, III. 
Upward 
ON 
TRIAL 
AMERICAN CREAM 
SEPARATOR 
A SOLID PROPOSITION to send fully 
guaranteed, a new, well made, easy 
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The bowl is a sanitary marvel, easily 
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ABSOLUTELY ON APPROVAL 
Gears thoroughly protected. 
Different from this picture, which 
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BOX 3075 Bainbridge, N. Y. 
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will advertise 
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“LOW D1WN” 
MILK WAGONS 
Write at once 
for catalog D and 
photos. 
THE PARSONS WAGON CO., Earlville, New York 
COOKED FEED 
Saves You Money 
Learn what agricultural college and 
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Write for printed matter on the 
“Farmers’ Favorite” 
Feed Cooker and Holler 
Just the thing for cooking feed for 
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LEWIS MFG. CO. 
62-76 Owego St, Cortland, N. Y. 
Burns 
Any 
Fuel 
No Brick 
Foundation 
MOLASSES 
—For Stock For Prices 
Write THE MOORE 
BROS., Albany, N. Y. 
MOLASSES SAVES GRAIN 
WATTLES & CO. 
LOW PRICES 
Box 15 Litchfield, Mich. 
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(Trade Mark Registered) 
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You face no 
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have not met and CURED. 
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Drug gifts Everywhere *ell Save-Tlie-Ilorse with CONTRACT, 
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absorbine 
#*■ TRADE MARK REG.U.S.PAT. OFF. 
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MINERAL HEAVE REMEDY CO. 461 Fourth Ave., Pittsburgh. P*. 
CURESSCOURS 
Lose no more calves or other animals from Scours. Tins 
remedy lias been tried and proven and will not fail^ Al> 
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horses, pigs, sheep and poultry. Booklet,“Scours 
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Road This : “This Spring my dairy of 15 was 
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Granite Street Gouverneur, N. Y. 
AGENTS WANTED 
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ROHEKTBOiV'S on AIN 
HANGING STANCHIONS 
“I have used them for more 
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Thirty daya* trial on application 
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Only S 2 Down 
One Year to Payif^ 
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fly Jr. No. 2. Lightrunning? 
easy cleaning, close skim¬ 
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2212 Marshall Blvd. CHICAGO 
HANDY BINDER 
TUST the thing Lor preserving files of 
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‘Ihe RURAL NEW-YORKER 
333 West 30th Street, New York City 
