186 
'FHH, KURA.L. NliW-VOKKEK 
Live Stock and Dairy 
Keeping One Cow to the Acre. 
I WISH to build several silos and keep 
my cows in the stable the year 
around, keeping one cow for every 
farm acre that is under the plow, 36 
acres at this time. It is all under-drained 
and four tons of ground limestone have 
been given to the acre. I have been nine 
years getting it to this point so I could 
keep one cow to every plow acre. I have 
a milking machine. I had about 20 tons 
at silage corn to the acre last year. The 
land is getting better every year. What 
kind of cow stalls are best where they 
will be kept in the year round, and best 
for a milking machine, and what kind of 
water device is best? How much silage 
will it take to feed 35 cows one year 
where the bulk of the feed will be silage? 
Ohio. i.. F. o. 
This writer has asked some very in¬ 
teresting questions, which, if correct in¬ 
formation is returned, would go far in 
answering some of the most important 
of the economic problems of cow-keep¬ 
ing, for at the start, one of the weak 
points in our 1915 dairying is too large 
a land investment in acreage per cow. 
This inquirer has pretty nearly an¬ 
swered his own inquiry, when he “con¬ 
fesses” to raising 20 tons of silage per 
acre on the naturally very rich soils of his 
section. Let us assume that the tonnage 
per acre will be 15 tons. Now each cow 
will require about 40 pounds net of the 
original weight that went into the silo, 
and deducting for losses in siloing, fer¬ 
mentation, and the like; deduct about a 
sixth, about two tons, from the 15 tons, 
which will leave something over 12 tons 
of actual feed. As the silage in the pit 
will not all settle alike, it will vary from 
37 to 55 pounds per cubic foot, so to be on 
the safe side, strike a balance for 42 per 
cubic foot. In 365 days, your cow will 
need 14,600 pounds of silage, or a trifle 
over seven tons, which will still leave 
practically 4% tons to feed another cow 
125 days, and if my figure is right, 25 
acres of land would give about all the 
silage you would want. If you got 20 
tons per acre, you would need to borrow 
cows to consume the silage. Of course 
you will have to have some pasture for 
a “parade ground” for your cows, and 
would have much clover and hay to use 
as dry feed, which is a necessity to some 
extent in hot weather at least in feeding 
silage. 
There is another economical consider¬ 
ation in the Summer feeding of silage to 
the dairy, best illustrated by my neigh¬ 
bor, Mr. Knauff, who feeds silage the 
year round to his 60-cow Holstein dairy, 
although they have a fair run of pastur¬ 
age. He feeds 40 pounds a day to the 
cow through the Summer, and rates the 
value of 40 pounds of silage at six pounds 
of the best commercial grain feeds, of 
which he feeds little in the middle Sum¬ 
mer, in addition to the soiling in pas¬ 
ture, and as this dairy last year made 
4,475, 85-pound cans of milk, totalling 
over $6,700, and that through the sever¬ 
est, long-continued drought in years, the 
value of everyday feeding silage is pretty 
well established. 
As the State of Ohio compels a dairy¬ 
man to have good and sanitary stalls for 
his dairy, about the only answer to give 
about stables is the equipment of them 
with some of the chain hanging stanch¬ 
ions, and as the cows are to stand in the 
stalls a large part of the day, I would 
suggest that the cement platforms be 
covered with cork brick, or some other 
sanitary covering, to keep the cows from 
the very cold and quite often hard ce¬ 
ment. I have heard that covering the ce¬ 
ment with a second coating of a mixture 
of sawdust and Portland cement, using 
as little as possible of the latter, makes 
a warm and yet fair substitute for cork 
brick, but have no knowledge in the mat¬ 
ter. As you have a milking machine you 
must know best what “frames” will best 
support the drive rods of the air pumps. 
All watering devices have their limita¬ 
tions, and some troubles. Where one has 
the continuous cement feeding manger, 
I know of nothing better than having it 
slightly lower at one end, and have a de¬ 
pression—slight, along its center, and run 
a current of water along it, and when 
the cows have drank let out the surplus. 
The manger can be kept clean by occa¬ 
sionally flushing it, aided with a good 
broom. The objection that too many 
cows are drinking from the same stream, 
is no greater than to have 40 cows, or 
less, drinking from the same open tank, 
outside. I think that the Rev. Mr. Det- 
ritch, of Pennsylvania, did keep three 
Jersey cows to the acre, but your big 
Ilolsteins would cut a wide swath, 
each, across your farm. joiin gotjld. 
Winter Feeding of Dairy Cattle. 
A LTHOUGH the highest price is paid 
for milk during Winter, it is the 
most expensive time for feeding, and so 
economy must be practiced in order to de¬ 
rive a profit from the dairy cow. But it 
is poor sort of economy to feed sparingly, 
for a dairy cow should be fed enough of 
the kind of feed that will give her largest 
amount of milk at the most profit. The 
dairy cow should be fed abundantly with 
a variety of nutritious feeds; the greater 
the variety the better. It is important 
that some of the ration fed be in concen¬ 
trated form, known as grain. There is a 
large variety of grains to choose from, 
each dairyman buying the most econom¬ 
ical feed rather than the cheapest in his 
section. The amount to be given will de¬ 
pend on yield of milk giving most profit. 
Some rough lules are, however, the feed¬ 
ing of as many pounds of grain per day 
as cow gives pounds of butter fat per 
week, or another being the feeding of one 
pound of grain to three or four pounds 
of milk. 
With the grain should come the rough- 
age. The amount ard kind of grain de¬ 
pends much on the roughage, for the rich¬ 
er the dry forage the less grain may be 
used. Generally, the ration should con¬ 
sist of at least one-third roughage, feed¬ 
ing as much hay as the animal will eat 
up clean. Alfalfa hay takes first rank, 
followed by clover and mixed hay. We 
find many dairymen expecting to get milk 
from pure Timothy hay, or even straw 
and cornstalks, nearly worthless as dairy 
cow feed, except where some is fed in 
combination with richer forage and grain. 
A ration must be palatable and con¬ 
tain succulence if best results are 
wanted. Silage, beets, mangels, turnips 
and soaked beet pulp are good sources of 
succulence, and render the ration palata¬ 
ble. Corn silage is the cheapest and most 
economical, except in a small herd, where 
it does not pay to build a silo; then roots 
or soaked beet pulp make a good sub¬ 
stitute. A good dairy cow can consume 
with profit, five to 10 pounds of grain a 
day, 30 to 40 pounds of succulent feed, 
and 10 pounds of good hay. w. G. 
New Jersey. 
“Who is that lady dressed in black, 
mother?” asked Bobby, as he sat with his 
mother on a ferry-boat. “That is a Sis¬ 
ter of Charity, my boy,” replied his 
mother. Bobby pondered deeply for a 
moment, and then he said, “Which is 
she, mother, Faith or Hope?”—Bazaar. 
A Locotno-live 
runs on a Track 
Vhy not a Tractor? 
Study the Caterpillar Track spread 
out below—an endless railroad that 
the Caterpillar rolls over and picks 
up again—with steel plates like ties, 
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smoothly upon. 
Eight times the bearing surface of round 
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soil. Works on soft, rough or hilly land. 
Track outwears fifty horse 
QSlSrJ.Si.S' 
&on’t toy Caterpillar 
unite* you mtan Holt! 
The 
Holt Mfg. Co. 
(Incorporated) 
Peoria, Ill. 
*0 Church St., N. Y 
Stockton, Cal. 
Write tor 
Cat A.I* 
and upkeep data. 
MINERALS 
HEAVE years 
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MINERAL HEAVE REMEDY CO. 461 Fourth Are., Pittsburgh, Pa 
February G, 
m 
Get Your Horses in Condition 
to Command the Top Prices 
H ORSES never have been 
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are only interested in sound 
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lame or blemished get them 
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My booklet, “How to Remove 
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of course, because this is the 
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have been making for about a 
quarter of a century, and I be¬ 
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Use ABSORBINE 
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Your druggist can supply you with Absorbine or I will send you a 
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Made in the U. S. A. by 
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01 
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Druggists eve here sell Save-The-Horse 
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^ WHAT DO YOU KNOW 
ABOUT A HORSE'S FOOT? 
There is an old true saying “NO foot, 
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NO HOOF, NO FOOT. 
EVERY HOOF MUST BE KEPT GROWING 
THERE IS A REASON. YOU WILL FIND IT IN OUR BOOK 
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EVERY HORSEOWNEP AND CARE¬ 
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ON 
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ROBFKTgON’8 CTIAIN 
HANGING STANCHIONS 
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Ju8tn* R. Cooley, M.D., Plainfield 
Sanitarium, Plainfield. N. J. 
Thirty days* trial on application 
O. II. RORERTSON 
Wash. St., Forestville, Conn# 
COOK YOUR FEED and SAV 
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BOOKS WORTH READING 
X.amlseape Gardening. Parsons.2.00 
Lawn Making, Barron. 1.10 
Agriculture and Chemistry. Storer. 5.00 
Fertilizers and Crops, Van Slyke.... 2.50 
Weeds of Farm and Garden. Pummel 1.50 
Book of Wheat, Dondlinger. 2.00 
Successful Fruit Culture. Maynard.. 1.00 
Irrigation and Drainage. King- 1.50 
Study of Corn, Sboesmitli.50 
The Soil, King. 1.50 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
333 W. 30th St., New York City 
