r.ur>. 
THK NEW-YORKEFi 
199 
When you write advertisers inention 
The k. N.-Y. aud you'll get a quick 
reply aud a 'square deal.” See guaran¬ 
tee editorial page. : : : : 
New X-Ray Principle Produces 
Natural Moist Heat Just 
Like Mother Hen’s 
X-Ray 
Radiator- 
X-Ray 
Vapor 1 
Generate 
Solves heat¬ 
ing problem. 
N a t u r a 1 
moist radia¬ 
tion. Our 
greatest in¬ 
vention in in¬ 
cubator sci- 
e n c e . No 
other ma¬ 
chine has it. 
No o t li e r 
machine can 
use it. G e t(j 
the facts. 
15 Exclusive 
X-Ray Features 
are pictured and described in our new catalog—the 
finest we have ever issued. Send for this great book. 
See why the X-Ray heating system insures you 
against dead-in-shelf chicks. Why it saves you oil- 
money—and work. 
Ask for Book No. 32 
and direct-to-you 
prices—freight 
prepaid 
X-Ray Brooder alto ha* 
X-Ray Radiator 
No Agents 
“ The Making of an F.gg.’’ 
H OW long does it require for a lion to 
produce an egg (that is from the 
small bunches of eggs that are'al¬ 
most always found in mature hens)? At 
what stage of the eggs are they made 
fertile? c. l. h. 
The clusters of “eggs” found in ma¬ 
ture hens are clusters of yolks only, and 
from these as a starting point the forma¬ 
tion of the egg begins. Nature has been 
prodigal in her endowment of the hen, 
and has given her within the ovary thou¬ 
sands of these yolks, ranging in size in 
the mature fowl from those that can be 
seen only by the aid of the microscope to 
those which are fully developed and ready 
to burst their confining membrane and 
commence their journey to the outer 
world. But a few hundred of' these min¬ 
iature yolks, fit best, ever reach tin; ta¬ 
ble as food for man. but in her possibili¬ 
ties the hen is almost unlimited. Gradu¬ 
ally increasing in size and working their 
way to the. surface these yolks come to 
full development, one by one. until each 
of those destined to form tin 1 nucleus of 
an egg takes its turn in bursting through 
the thin membrane enveloping it and 
dropping into the oviduct, or tube in 
which the complete egg is formed. By 
the alternate contraction and expansion 
of the muscular walls of this oviduct the 
yolk is forced along with a .turning mo¬ 
tion and in its course gathers to. itself 
the albumen, or egg white, which is 
poured out from the minute glands in the 
oviduct wall to meet it. ■ Bike a grow¬ 
ing snowball, it increases in growth by 
accumulating additional substance in 
layers and the first of these layers is 
twisted by the turning motion of the 
yolk to form a string at each end like the 
supporting ropes of a hammock: within 
this hammock the yolk swings freely call¬ 
able of immediately turning right side up 
no matter what tin- position of the egg. 
Having accumulated its “white,” the 
yolk now reaches a section of the oviduct 
where the glands secrete a different sub¬ 
stance and a tough membrane is added. 
It then goes on to where the glands pour 
out carbonate of lime, mixed in some 
breeds with a varying proportion of tint¬ 
ing material, and this lime hardens over 
the membrane to form a shell. Finally, 
just before the completed egg is ready 
to he extruded, the shell is painted with 
a soft gelatinous substance which seals 
its pores and, upon drying, gives it the 
new-laid egg. The length 
by the yolk to complete its 
the ovary to the world is a 
but is thought, ordinarily, 
ours. This explains why 
aid at the beginning of 
bloom of the 
of time taken 
journey from 
variable one. 
to be about 10 
an egg may be 
X- Ray Incubator Co. 
Des Moines, Iowa 
SP9.25 Mankato Incubator 
! Only i 
130-Ess; Size. You cannot set 
better incubator at any price. We 
back this with strongest “Make 
good” guarantee, and our 20 years’ 
experience as practical poultry men. 
Send for Free Book of Facts 
See how Mankato is made, California Red¬ 
wood case, triple wails, asbestos lined. Pure 
Lake Superior copper tank, safety lamp, fa¬ 
mous "Wilder” thermometer. Surest automatic 
- regulator made. Double 
heating system insures uni¬ 
form temperature. You 
can’t beat it at double the 
price. 120 chick brooder 
$2.50; 240 chick $4.00 and up. 
Mankato Incubator Co. 
Box 795 Mankato, Minn. 
RECORD HATCHES 
A i.mit 
ready for use 
41110. . - -- -- • • 
ports two 100 per cent hatches from 
her Progressive Incubator. Only 
Incubator with double walls ana 
hundreds of dead air celis. All wood 
parts California Redwood. No extras 
to buy. Money back guarantee. 
^qClowest price vet 
* roR 155 EGO INCUBATOR 
^elf-regulating — ventilating — copper boiler —hot 
1 water heat, safety lamp, egg tester, 2 doors—ther- > 
l mometer. Freight prepaid east of Rockies. Incuba- 
| tor and Brooder both lor $9.85. 
j Order now or send for big Iree^ 
Incubator Book. 
Progressive Incubator Co. 
Box 145,Racine, Wls. 
130^ IncubdtorUfi 
&nd Brooder B °oV h 1U 
If Ordered Together^T . - ’ 
a 2-1 hour clay and before the close of the 
day another one produced. The day pre¬ 
ceding or the one following, however, 
will have no egg to its credit. The hen 
probably cannot stop a yolk in its course 
through the oviduct, but she can retain 
the fully developed egg within the oviduct 
for an indefinite period; this she is apt 
to do if moved or frightened and the yolks 
about to start may be absorbed and lay¬ 
ing thus temporarily interrupted. The 
yolk is fertilized after it enters the ovi¬ 
duct, and probably soon after. M. b. d. 
Poultry and Apples. 
i P. asks if apples fed to liens are in- 
jurious. Last Spring we plowed 
up our orchard of apple, cherry and 
pear trees, and planted potatoes, in order 
to benefit the trees. About 1.000 April- 
hatched White Leghorns were allowed the 
run of the orchard. They followed the 
horses en masse when plowing and culti¬ 
vating, and ate every apple that fell to 
the ground, and between times they dug 
the potatoes, taking hill after hill, clean¬ 
ing it thoroughly. The grape arbor was 
stripped of its fruit long before it was 
ripe. Early in the morning the tops of 
trellis wouid be white with the rascals. 
They were just as eager for the cherries, 
not waiting for them to fall, hut going 
up into the trees after them. They prob¬ 
ably ate 75 bushels of fruit and 25 bush¬ 
els of potatoes, but how they did grow 
and thrive! In September, when they 
were put into their Winter quarters, they 
were u beautiful flock of birds, healthy 
and happy; just throw a basket of pota¬ 
toes or apples among them to-day. and 
such talking and scrambling as will en¬ 
sue ! And we get eggs too. 
On Christmas Day we cut seven pine 
trees about four feet high and tied them 
to the center posts in one house where 
there are 400 pullets. On these we hung 
chunks of suet. fat. bones partly cooked, 
and a few red apples. It certainly pleased 
them, and in a couple of days there was 
not a single speck of green left. They 
had eaten every pine needle, leaving only 
the bare branches. 
New Jersov. CT.AREXCE E. PECK. 
FYcight paid east of 
Rockies. Hot water, 
copper tankB, double 
walls, dead air space, double 
glass doors, all set up com- 
___ Egg Incubator and Brooder 
>12.00. FREE Catalogue describes them' 
lend for it TODaY or order direct. 
California 
Redwood 
plete. or 180 
WISCONSIN INCUBATOR CO., Box 104 RACINE, WIS. 
MAKE HENS LAYH 
more eggs; larger, more vigorous chicks; 
heavier fowls, by feeding cut bone. 
kllllll’C latest model 
MANN O BONE CUTTER 
. w , cuts fast, easy, fine; never clogs. 
I110 Daye* Free Trial. No money in advance. Book free. 
IF. W. MANN CO.. Box 16. MILFORD. MASS. ■ 
The annual tost of the Southeastern. 
Ohio, tost farm was completed a short 
time ago. In this test there were two 
lots of 57 S. C. White Leghorn pullets, 
and during the year these on free range 
produced lSl.fi eggs each, while those 
confined produced 159.5 eggs. The 
pullets on range consumed 4.1 
pounds more grain and mash than those 
confined, and the difference in favor of 
the range animals was over 81-3 dozen. 
The grain mixture was cracked corn 
three parts and wheat one part. The 
mash mixture, ground corn four parts, 
bran two parts, beef scraps, two parts: 
linseed meal one part. The pullets had 
constant access to grit, oyster shells and 
water. 
TRADE MA&K 
m 
111 140-EGG .,,, 
ironclad /[fUGalvanized I 
Incubator l^Asbestos 
Don’t class this v’*’ Redwood 
big, an metal ^InsulatedBoar 
covered.depend¬ 
able batcher with 10-Year 
cheaply construe- Guarantee 
ted machines. Ironclads are not 
covered with cheap tin or other 
thin metal and painted like some 
do to covei up poor quality of material. 
Ironclads are shipped in the natural color 
—you can see exactly what you are getting. Don't 
buy any incubator until you know what it. is made of* 
Note these Ironclad specifications. Genuin California Red 
wood, triple walls, asbestos lining, galvanized iron covering. Large 
egg tray, extra deep chick nursery—hot water top heat, copper tankB 1 
and boiler, self regulator, Tycos Thermometer,, glass in door ana 
Wins in the Two 
BIGGEST HATCHING 
Contests Ever Held 
Why take chances with untried machines when for only 
$10 we guarantee to deliver Bafely, all freight charges paid 
(East of Rockies) BOTH of these big prize winning ma¬ 
chines fulli equipped, set up ready for use! Why not 
own an Ironclad — the Incubator that has for two 
years in succession -won in the greatest hatching 
contests ever held. In the last contest conducted by 
Missouri Valley farmer and Nebraska Farm Journal, 
2000 machines were entered, Including practically every 
make, style and price. With 110 egg Ironclad—the 
same machine wo offer with Brooder, freight paid, for 
$10, Mrs. C. F. Merrick, Lockney, Texas, hatched 148 
chicks from 148 eggs in the last contest. 
30 DAYS’ FREE TRIAL 
Money back If not satisfied. 
w 
tao 
Chick 
Brooder 
ittHi unuer, ouii mijumwi, ijrvjw.-* iiicuiioiucici, glow • . .. , - .. . , . 
many other spocial advantages fully explained in Freo Catalog. Write fbr ft TODAY or order direct from this advertisement. 
IRONCLAD INCUBATOR COMPANY, Box HI , RACINE, WIS. 
EGGS FOR HATCHING and DAY-OLD CHICKS 
The Kind That Hatch, Live and Grow 
EGGS FOR HATCHING 
We are now booking orders for hatching eggs from fully matured, carefully mated, farm-raised 
birds, selected for their prolific laying qualities, vigor and standard requirements. They are the 
pick of a flock of many thousand birds. WE GUARANTEE 75% fertility after March 1st. 
We can supply eggs in any quantity from these matings of our 
Single Comb White Leghorns Mammoth Pekin Ducks 
White Plymouth Rocks Embden Geese 
P\ A V fAI LA We can supply in any quantity from our White Plymouth 
t \ I “V-/J—iLy V>Tllv>I > vO anc J Single Comb White Leghorns. Day-Old 
Ducklings we can supply in limited quantities. WRITE FOR CIRCULAR WITH PRICES. 
BRANFORD FARMS, GROTON, CONNECTICUT 
This Brooder Saves Time, Labor, Fuel, Chicks 
't he Newtown is the brooder for the chick grower who demands that his 
chicks shall make rapid, vigorous growth, with least mortality and at lowest 
cost. It will positively give you the most satisfactory results, as it has 
thousands of others. The _ 
NEWTOWN GIANT COLONY BROODER 
is coal-burning; self-feeding; self-regulating; fully ventilated; portable;^ 
strongly built; operates successfully in any suitable building; 
free from fire risk; easy to care for; RAISES THE CHICKS 
Learn all about this time-saving, profit-producing 
machine before you add to your brooding equipment. 
Our Brooder Catalog will show you the way to sure 
success. Free for the asking. 
NEWTOWN GIANT INCUBATOR CORPORATION 
74 Warsaw St., Harrisonburg, Virginia 
Do you want to save money and raise all the Chicks ? 
The Ideal Colony Brooder self-regulating 
With SHAKING and DUMPING GRATE Adjustable Hover Chicks always Visible 
Price $19.00 including Automatic Regulator $24.00 Economical and safe, 100 
per cent efficient. Large ami small farms use the Ideal with success. Vastly superior to oil 
horners. 'i'he Ideal Fresh Air System sires perfect satisfaction. Many testimonials showing 
the wonderful results obtained during zero weather in the cold spring of 1914. Write for free 
booklet. Learn to brood chicks without loss. Make two chicks grow where only one grew helot e. 
LIBERTY STOVE COMPANY, 110 Second Street, Philadelphia, Pa. 
%o a SVv1 BEFORE YOU PAY 
~ This 135-Egg Incubator and Brooder 
hipped anywhere on 30 days* trial. 
No money down — no deposit. •» 
Pays for BOTH If Sat¬ 
isfactory When Tested 
No other such open liberal offer 
as this, because no other outfit 
equals the UNITO. Incubator 
hot water; Brooder hot air. Both 
galvanized iron. Satisfaction 
guaranteed. We take all the risk 
-3end for full details. Address 
THE UNITED FACTORIES CO. Bo*53I Cleveland, O 
<) <j Incubator 
:cos Thermometers 
ft mcansldtp| l '^l^tch^--l>ottenBldeks.t>lggc 2 < profita. Magnifying 
! S your^JcalG^orVrnnM'jam'tst^alT w ritnm^ny ^or 
booklet, ‘ * incubator Thermometer b acts Worth Know mg . FItE ,. 
Tavior hstramentOmpcmies. Rochester, N. Y. 
PARCEL POST BOXES 
Ship Eggs, Dressed Fowls, Fruit, Butter, 
etc., by parcel post direct to your customers. 
U 
H&D” BOXES 
meet all Government requirements—guar¬ 
antee safe delivery of products. Made in 
various shapes and sizes—strong, light and 
sanitary. Protect contents from heat, cold 
and moisture. Send today for free booklet. 
“How to Pack It lor Parcel Post.” 
The HINDE <fc DATTOH PAPER Co. 
Dept. E. Sandusky, Ohio. 
Hatches Every Chick 
Poultry raisers ought to follow the simple aud 
easy Buckeye system which positively hatches 
every hatehable egg. How to ntake_ $200 a sea¬ 
son with one incubator, that costs $7.50, is fully 
explained in a most interesting book which will 
he sent absolutely free to any reader who men 
tions this paper. Every one should write today 
for this valuable free book to 
BUCKEYE CO., 633 Euclid Ave., Springfield, 0. 
Feed your hens out green hone |jf 
and get more eggs. With a 
Crown Bone Cutter you 
— ^ can cut up all scrap bones easily ■ 
and quickly, and without any trouble, and have cut bone Ire^n 
everv dav for voitr poultry. Send at once for free catalogue. 
WILSON BROS. - Box 24S» - EASTON, PA. 
Improved Parcel Post Egg Boxes 
SEND 15 CENTS FOR SAMPLE 
New Flats and Fillers and Egg Gases 
CATALOGUE SENT FREE ON REQUEST 
H. K. BRUNNER, 45 Harrison Street, N. Y. 
MacKellar’s Charcoal 
For Poultry is best. Coarse or fine granulated, also 
powdered. Buy direct from largest manufacturers oi 
Charcoal Products. Ask for prices uud samples. Est. 18i- 
R. MacKELLAR’S SONS CO., Peekskill, N.Y. 
TRAl>E MARK 
WHITE WYANDOTTE HATCHING EGGS This Seasons Prize Winners 
Very lmrdy strain. Raised “near the clouds.” und'er the most sanitary conditions. Hessian 
llill Farm is situated on one of America's greatest natural observatories—overlooking four 
States. Eggs $1.00 per doz., shipped carefully. Send check or money order—with order. 
Hessian Hill Farm, Croton-on-Hudson, N. Y. 
NEW YORK OFFICE, 208 Center Street, New York 
