218 
THE RURAL NEW-YOKKEK 
February 13, 
Sweet Clover in New York. 
I S Sweet clover annual or biennial? 
Which kind or variety is best to use 
for pasture or hay in this section? 
How much should be sown per acre? 
Should it be sown in Spring or Fall, with 
or without nurse crop? Should the soil 
be rich, or will the average sandy soil 
of this section suffice? Should lime be 
used with it at seeding time? If so, how 
much of the li ae? How large an acreage 
would be necessary to pasture 10 cattle? 
Bellport, N. Y. w. w. 
The usefulness of this plant has never 
been appreciated. It is usually regarded 
as a weed because of its occurrence 
along roadsides in many localities. It 
commonly grows on soils not adapted 
to other crops. Whether this signifies a 
preference for such soils or whether the 
plant cannot endure crowding is unde¬ 
termined. It is sometimes found with 
Alfalfa, but ordinarily does not become 
a weed in the sense of invading land 
occupied by other crops. If immediate 
results in soil improvement are required, 
Sweet clover is superior to either vetch 
or Alfalfa, measured by the nitrogen pro¬ 
duced. Its roots have a loosening effect 
on the soil, and its growth is rank. The 
more common varieties are biennial and 
if the crop is plowed under during the 
second season of growth just before 
blossoming, the plant is easily eradi¬ 
cated. Sweet clover has a distinct place 
in the farm economy of New York State 
as a green manure crop. As a hay and 
pasture plant its value is not great. The 
leaves drop off very easily while the hay 
is being cured. The plant is coarse and 
unpalatable. At first animals refuse to 
eat it but may in time acquire a taste 
for it. Its composition is much the same 
as that of Alfalfa and it keeps stock in 
good condition. Twelve to 15 acres will 
be sufficient to pasture 10 head of cat¬ 
tle. 
Sweet clover is like Alfalfa in many 
ways. The most frequent cause of fail¬ 
ure to get a stand is lime deficiency. Its 
lime requirements are the same as those 
of Alfalfa. The soil should be inoculated 
if Sweet clover or Alfalfa are not grown 
in the locality. Soil from an Alfalfa 
field will inoculate a Sweet clover field. 
Sweet clover will grow wherever condi¬ 
tions are favorable to Alfalfa. It will 
succeed in some places where Alfalfa will 
not succeed. 
The seed may be sown with a nurse 
crop in the Spring or may be sown alone 
in August. In case it is sown early with 
a nurse crop the land should be prepared 
early, and the weed seeds should be al¬ 
lowed to germinate so that they may be 
destroyed. The amount of seed sown is 
usually 15 to 20 pounds per acre. The 
soil is never fertilized or manured. Sweet 
clover succeeds in either a light or a 
heavy soil. Tfie yield of hay averages 
from two to four tons per acre. The hay 
should be cut just before the blossoming 
period. Sweet clover is free from diseases 
with the exception of occasional leaf 
spot. There are two common varieties, 
both of which are biennial. Melilotus 
alba is the more common of the two. It 
is superior for green manure purposes 
because of its very rank growth. The 
blossoms are white. Melilotus officinalis 
has yellow blossoms. It is slightly better 
as a hay and pasture plant because it 
is more leafy and palatable. F. w. L. 
EVENTS OF THE WEEK. 
D OMESTIC.—Southern California and 
southern and central Arizona have 
suffered property losses which will 
run up into milions of dollars as a result 
of widespread rain and wind storms, 
Jan. 27-30. Many Arizona towns were 
either inundated or isolated. Phoenix was 
inundated and in the low lands of the 
Salt River Valley at least 75 homes have 
been destroyed. Heavy seas along the 
southern California coast have done great 
damage to property. Piers at Long 
Beach, Venice, Redondo, Santa Monica 
and other coast towns were destroyed. 
The entire Japanese fishing village two 
miles north of Santa Monica has been 
wiped out. The storm extended from the 
extreme southern end of California to 
a point in Alaska. 
The official opening of the Panama 
Canal, with its parade of American war¬ 
ships, which was proposed for early in 
March, has been postponed, and no time 
has been set for taking the big battle¬ 
ships through. The new Northern Pa¬ 
cific steamship Great Northern and the 
American Line steamer Ivroonland, the 
two largest passenger boats yet to use 
the Panama Canal, passed through the 
waterway, Feb. 2. The ships used the 
new channel, which has been dredged 
through the slide at Cucaracha. The 
Kroonland displaces 12,760 tons and the 
Great Northern 8,255 tons. 
The Oregon Senate by a vote of 17 
to 12 killed, Jan. 30, the Langguth bill 
giving women the right to sit upon juries. 
Five days before the Senate passed the 
bill, 24 to 6. Then by a vote of 19 to 10 
it decided to reconsider it. The chief 
point of attack against the bill was the 
provision giving women the right of 
option as to whether or not they should 
accept service as jurors. 
More than 100,000 persons have been 
added to the depositors in the postal sav¬ 
ing banks since the European war began, 
and deposits have increased $15,750,000 
during the six months from July 1 to 
January 1 last. The average daily re¬ 
ceipts in New York during December 
were approximately $[70,300. Manhat¬ 
tan increased her postal savings deposits 
from $4,394,059 on June 30 to $9,486,- 
538 on December 31, an increase of 115.9 
per cent. Brooklyn deposits showed an 
increase for the same period of $1,500,- 
840, or 100 per cent. Manhattan heads 
the list in amount of deposits, followed 
by Chicago, Brooklyn, Boston, San Fran¬ 
cisco and Portland, Ore., all of which 
are included in the $1,000,000 class. De¬ 
troit will soon qualify for that class. 
Buffalo is credited with $239,948 in 
postal savings deposits, and Rochester 
with $103,817. 
Under an agreement reached, Feb. 1, 
the Canadian Government will settle 
claims growing out of the recent shooting 
of two American duck hunters by Cana¬ 
dian militiamen by paying $10,000 to 
the parents of Walter Smith, who was 
killed, and $5,000 to Charles Dorsch, 
who was wounded, in addition to all legal 
expenses. 
Ajkansas will be dry after June 1, 
1915, unless the courts interfere. The 
House of Representative passed, Feb. 
1, the State-wide prohibition bill by a 
vote of 74 to 22, after defeating all 
amendments. June 1 was the date fixed 
for the closing of all saloons in the State. 
The same bill, pending in the Senate, is 
assured of passage. 
That a liquor dealer in a “wet” county 
cannot ship liquor into a country that 
is “dry” if he has anything whatever to 
do with the delivery of the liquor to the 
purchaser after it reaches its destina¬ 
tion was the principle laid down by 
Judge George S. Criswell at Franklin, 
Pa., Feb. 1, in the trial of W. B. Went¬ 
worth, of Franklin, agent for a Crawford 
County wholesale liquor house, for sell¬ 
ing liquor without a license. The judge 
said the dealer’s connection with the 
liquor must cease when he turns the 
shipment over to a common carrier in 
his own county. The jury found Went¬ 
worth guilty, and Judge Criswell sen¬ 
tenced him to pay a fine of $500 and 
costs. The judge said hereafter the of¬ 
fending liquor dealers would also be 
prosecuted as well as their agents. 
February 2 an attempt was made to 
blow up with dynamite the Canadian 
Pacific railway bridge spanning the St. 
Croix River, the international boundary 
between the State of Maine and the 
Province of New Brunswick, the aggres¬ 
sor being a German, Werner Van Horn, 
who was arrested later at Vanceburg, 
Me. Van Horn asserted he was an of¬ 
ficer of the German army, and set up the 
claim that he had committed an act of 
war, and, having fled to a neutral coun¬ 
try, could not be legally surrendered to 
an enemy. The Canadian authorities took 
a different view of the matter, and at 
once instituted proceedings to obtain the 
extradition of the prisoner on the charge 
of destruction of railroad property. The 
bridge was not seriously damaged. 
FARM AND GARDEN.—Owing to 
the high price of wheat, New York bakers 
have decided, in many cases, to raise 
the five-cent loaf to six cents. In many 
cities the bakers have decided to leave 
the price unchanged, but to reduce the 
size of loaves. 
The pens of Leo. L. Pennypacker of 
Reading, Pa., and Percy Hess of Ham¬ 
burg, Pa., tied for first prize in the egg- 
laying contest which was a feature of 
the seventh annual exhibition of the 
Reading Poultry and Pigeon Association. 
The two pens produced 15 eggs each and 
the winners will divide the numerous 
prizes, which include a $50 shotgun, $5 
in cash, watering fountain, egg crate, 
etc. Many of the exhibits from the show 
have been shipped to the exhibition at 
Toronto, Canada. 
The Massachusetts Fruit Growers’ As¬ 
sociation will hold its annual meeting at 
Worcester, Wednesday, February 24. 
Secretary, F. Howard Brown, Marlboro, 
Mass. 
COMING FARMERS’ MEETINGS. 
Farmers’ week. New York Agricultural 
College, Ithaca, Feb. 8-13. 
New York State Vegetable Growers’ 
Association, fifth annual meeting, Feb. 
9-12, Ithaca, N. Y. 
Second annual meeting of the New 
Hampshire State Department of Agricul¬ 
ture and the thirtieth annual meeting of 
the Granite State Dairymen’s Associa¬ 
tion, Manchester, N. II., Feb. 10-11. 
Madison Square Garden Poultry Show, 
New York, 26th annual exhibition, Feb. 
12-18; secretary and superintendent, 
Chas. D. Cleveland, Eatontown, N. J. 
Masachusetts Fruit Growers’ Associa¬ 
tion, annual meeting, March 24, Wor¬ 
cester, Mass. 
Farmers’ Week, Massachusetts Agri¬ 
cultural College, Amherst, March 15-19. 
American Association of Nurserymen, 
fortieth annual convention, June 23-25, 
Detroit, Mich. 
Wren you write advertisers mention Thh 
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