11* J 5. 
^1 I I 1 RUKAL IN. J'v\\ -\ uK i\ i ,!si 
419 
I 
Feeding Live Stock 
Feeding a Calf. 
I HAVE, a young heifer ealf that we in¬ 
tended to sell 'to the butcher at the 
age of five weeks, but just a few days 
before it reached the age we thought it 
looked like a pretty nice calf, too nice for 
the slaughter house, so we weaned it and 
now it is seven weeks old; looks healthy, 
frisky and growing every day. It was 
sick one day. but quickly recovered. I 
am feeding now, 11? to 14 quarts of 
skim-milk daily; give it in three meals 
with a cupful of granulated cornmeal, 
one pint wheat bran, mixed in this skim- 
milk. Is this feed as good as calf meal? 
I low long must it be fed as a calf with 
skim-milk and baby food? What about 
giving it a drink of water occasionally 
and salt, how much, how often? What 
feed is best for its growth to give it a 
good start in life and most economical? 
Mow much at a meal, and how often a 
day? When on grass is this grain feed 
and skim-milk kept up? J. P. D. 
Pennsylvania. 
There are so many ways of feeding a 
young calf and so many different calves 
requiring different treatment that we do 
not wonder at the information you have 
received being rather unsatisfactory, as 
no hard and fast rule can be laid down to 
be followed explicitly. The best we can 
do is to state the methods which have 
given satisfactory results under similar 
conditions as far as known, and let the 
feeder use his best judgment in their ap¬ 
plication to his particular requirements. 
When your calf was not well for a 
short period it probably was caused by 
overfeeding, which is very common 
among amateur feeders and no doubt 
causes as much loss during a year as any 
other one thing. This is one of the first 
principles to learn—not to overfeed— 
and experience is the best teacher. Some 
calves are born with a strong constitu¬ 
tion and are able to eat and digest more 
feed at four weeks of age than others 
can at eight weeks of age. Careful ob¬ 
servation is, therefore, absolutely neces¬ 
sary. 
In feeding skim-milk, especially in cold 
weather, it should be warmed to body 
temperature and always fed sweet. All 
pails and buckets used in feeding should 
be kept sweet and clean as much dam¬ 
age may be caused by unsanitary meth¬ 
ods. Feeding three times a day is bene¬ 
ficial while the calf is young but at the 
age of two or three months twice a day 
is all that is necessary. Your ration of 
skim-milk is very liberal and we would 
not advise increasing it. A good grain 
ration may be made of three parts corn- 
meal, three parts ground oats, one part 
wheat bran and one part oil meal. It is 
better to feed this immediately after the 
milk in the same bucket instead of mix¬ 
ing it with the milk. In this way the 
dry grain is eaten slowly, giving it a 
chance to be masticated and mixed with 
the saliva instead of being washed down 
with the milk. It also prevents calves 
from sucking each other or anything 
they can get hold of after drinking milk. 
A little hay should be given once or twice 
a day after the calf is three or four 
weeks old. For this purpose there is 
nothing better than fine second crop Al- 
sike clover well cured. If this is not 
available early-cut clover or Alfalfa will 
answer the purpose if of fine quality. 
The grain ration can be increased grad¬ 
ually as the calf grows, the usual amount 
being from one-half to one pound of 
grain for every 100 pounds live weight of 
the calf, but of course, this must be reg¬ 
ulated by the feeder Do not make any 
abrupt changes in feed but make them 
very gradually, extending over at least 
two weeks for a complete change like 
from hay to grass. With this feed your 
calf should grow nicely right along and 
be in rood condition to make an excel¬ 
lent growth on grass as soon as it is 
ready in the Spring, but it would be bet¬ 
ter to keep up a small grain ration right 
along all Summer unless the pasture is 
of extra good quality. c. s. greene. 
Feeds Low in Protein. 
F EED in very scarce this year; I do 
not wish to buy if l can possibly 
avoid it. I have the following grains 
on hand to feed horses and cows: Corn 
on ear, oats, buckwheat and rye, twice 
as much buckwheat as any other grain. 
IIow can I best use these for Winter, and 
for Summer feed, and quantity to be fed 
per animal? j. b. g. 
Pennsylvania. 
Assuming that you can have any, or 
all, of these grains ground, you should be 
able to keep your horses and cows with¬ 
out purchasing feed, but if your cows are 
in milk, you will probably find it to your 
advantage to exchange some of your home 
grown grain for better milk-producing 
feeds. All four of your grains are low 
in protein, or the milk-producing ele¬ 
ment of food, and need to be balanced by 
the addition of some high protein food to 
get the best results in milk production. 
If you can exchange your buckwheat 
with your miller for its value ju buck¬ 
wheat middlings, without the shucks, you 
will have one high protein food for your 
cows, or, if you can sell your buckwheat 
for cash at its present high .price, and 
invest the proceeds in cottonseed meal 
at its present low price, you will have 
made a still better exchange. You may 
also find it to your advantage to sell 
rye and purchase other grain or grain 
by-products; this will depend upou the 
price you can obtain for the rye and that 
you have to pay for other feeds. Rye, 
either ground or rolled, may be fed to 
horses with oats. Ilenry states that in 
Germany it is fed to work horses in the 
amounts of from two to four pounds 
daily, mixed with oats or other con¬ 
centrates. It is less valuable as food 
for the dairy cow. Corn and oats ground 
together make a good food for work¬ 
horses, fed in proportion to the amount 
of work they are doing. Corn on the 
ear for idle horses having good teeth is 
an economical grain ration. Oats, too, at 
the present price of that grain can well 
be exchanged for cheaper concentrates for 
dairy cows. In my market, and very 
likely in yours, wheat middlings, bran, 
and wheat feed, buckwheat middlings, 
and cottonseed meal can all be purchased 
for less than the selling price of oats 
or buckwheat. The exchange can there¬ 
fore he made to the advantage of the 
farmer, ami for the dairy cow, the ad¬ 
vantage is also with the farmer. 
Suppose that you sell some of your 
oats and buckwheat and buy some wheat 
middlings and cottonseed meal; then mix 
cornmeal. wheat middlings and cotton¬ 
seed meal together in equal proportions 
by weight, you will have a better dairy 
ration than you can make from your 
own grains and at less cost. Feed one 
pound of this mixture for every three 
to four pounds of milk that each cow is 
giving daily. Other good combinations 
could be made but it is doubtful if the 
above could easily bo improved upon 
where mixed hay, corn fodder or silage 
make up the roughage. With your home 
grown grains exclusively you cannot 
make a balanced ration for milch cows, 
and you do not need to, for once in your 
life, you have got stuff to sell that will 
bring more per hundred pounds than the 
stull' that you want to buy. M. B. l). 
Potatoes for Cows. 
1 AM feeding mangels to my cows, near¬ 
ly a bushel a day each, hut have not 
enough to last till pasture. I have a 
quantity of potatoes which are worth 
about as much for feeding purposes as 
for table use at t ho present price. How 
docs the feeding value compare with man¬ 
gels, and in what quantities is it safe to 
feed compared with what I have been 
feeding of mangels? f. e. n. 
Potatoes contain slightly more pro¬ 
tein than mangels, and nearly three times 
the quantity of carbohydrates. The fat 
is but very little less. It would be well 
to cut your mangel supply, say in two, 
and feed nearly an equal weight of po¬ 
tatoes, and cut down slightly on some 
feed that has an abundance of carbohy¬ 
drates. We would not start in all at once 
with full feed, hut would build up grad¬ 
ually, and at the same time cut down 
on hay which you are feeding. 
Milk for Pigs. 
S WEET skim-milk, sour skim-milk and 
buttermilk are practically equal in 
value for pigs when fed in the pro¬ 
portion of from 2*4 to three pounds of 
milk to one pound of shelled corn. Pigs 
weighing from 80 to 100 pounds, on a ra¬ 
tion of corn and milk in proportion as 
above stated, according to Prof. Wilson 
of South Dakota, made an average gain 
of 1;65 pounds daily during a feeding 
period of 62 days. Those receiving milk 
gained in two months 32 and 42 pounds 
more than the lots receiving shelled corn 
and water. .Milk increased the appetite 
since pigs receiving it consumed more 
grain. In fattening an animal, any feed 
that will increase the consumption of 
grain and hasten maturity, provided the 
cost is not. prohibitive, must be consid¬ 
ered beneficial. 
Beef Feeding. —In answer to “Beef 
Making in the East,’’ page 22S, I would 
like to say stick to your trade, as there 
are more sure dollars in milk in one 
year than air castles in five years of cat¬ 
tle feeding. When you pay $7.50 per 
hundred for raw feeders and feed six 
months, pay commission two ways, in¬ 
spection, yardage, freight and ship back 
and get $6.50 or $7 and you put on 
from five to six pounds of meat, 
per bushel of corn, at 70 to 75 
cents and hay at $10 you are sure 
to get left. I have been feeding for six 
years and it is no surer than buying 
wheat on the Board of Trade. With us 
here, a dry climate and open Winter 
weather, and no expensive barns to keep 
up, cheap hay and we run two hogs be¬ 
hind every steer, it barely pays out, and 
this year every man who feeds one car¬ 
load of steers will lose from $150 to 
$250 on every load. 
Nebraska. william prell. 
Fresh cows, $100 to *125; cream, 53 
to 60 cents per quart; milk, seven cents 
per quart; hay, $14 to $16; hogs, 8% 
cents per pound live weight; horses, 
$200 to $250; butter. 36; milk by can to 
dealers, four. to.4 Yg cents per quart. 
Princeton. N. .7. r. l. m. 
At last — here is a combination of top notch engine 
quality and bottom prices. Now, for the first 
time , you can get a smooth running, steady, 
quiet, reliable power outfit at the same pri 
that formerly bought only a noisy, trouble¬ 
some, “cheap” engine. 
This is not a mere statement — not 
a promise — but a 
written guaran¬ 
tee, backed by the 
reputation and re¬ 
sources of this Mil¬ 
lion Dollar Com¬ 
pany. We make 
you the judge 
arid jury. If the 
Maynard is not 
equal or superior 
to any engine at any 
price—return it and get every penny back, including transportation 
charges. That’s proof of our confidence in the high quality of 
the Maynard. The prices speak for the wonderful values. 
60 days’ trial — no money in advance 
Send in your name on a postal card for 
facts that prove this the greatest sensation in 
all engine history. Read why the Maynard 
would cost three times our prices if sold 
through dealers. <- Read about Maynard 
strength, durability, reliability. Read why 
the Maynard starts so easily, runs so smooth¬ 
ly, quietly and steadily. Read why the 
M ay nard gets power out of every drop of fuel. 
Read why a boy can run it. Study the speeds 
at which Maynards are rated and compare 
them with others. Read why we send you 
any Maynard Engine on 60 days’ trial, no money in 
advance. Guaranteed to give at least S years’ service. Note 
our guarantee to sell repairs (if needed) any time within 15 
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the Maynard, point by point, feature by feature, with the en¬ 
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in vnm* narrwa Na«/I Write postal now. C.etourbook, Reacltleserip- 
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PRICES 
1| - H. P.— $29.75 
2 -H. P.— 39.50 
3\ - H. P.— 64.00 
5 -H. P.— 90.00 
7 -H. P.— 116.00 
9 -H. P.— 180.00 
12 -H. P.- 230.00 
15-H. P.— 295.00 
GUARANTEE 
Wr guarantee this engine 
to develop-Horse Power 
and to be capable oi stand¬ 
ing a reasonable overload 
continuously without over¬ 
heating or damage. We 
guarantee the life olthls en¬ 
gine to Ire S years otntore, 
and we will replace it II it 
should become useless In¬ 
side of tive years, provided 
the damage is not caused 
by misuse or neglect. We 
guaranteethis engine to run 
as well and last as long r,s 
any engine of like si 7 eand 
type,regardless of make or 
price. We guarantee it to 
be free from delects in ma¬ 
terial and workmanship, 
and will replace free any 
part (excepting batteries) 
that may wear on* or break 
from defect nt any time 
during the life of engine. 
CHEAPEST 
and BEST FEED 
For Cows 
All of the sugar beet left after man’s food 
(sugar) has been soaked out by water. Clean, 
wholesome, pure, dried vegetable food. 
Free from adul 1 teraliun. Don’t 
buy bran, middlings, cornmeal, 
barley, oats or other carbohy¬ 
drate feed when you can get 
a better feed like Dried 
Beet Pulp for less money per 
ton. Ask your dealer 
THE LARROWE 
MILLING 
GO., 
G09 6;liesp.e Bide 
OETROIT, 
MICH. 
American 
Beauty Buggy 
No. 11X720 
Our 1915 
Price Only 
95 
SAFETY FIRST 
Don’t Kill your cows with cottonseed Meal 
More than 25% cottonseed meal in yonr 
ration is not safe—20% is better—ask your 
State Experiment Station. 
Give your cows good reed and you 
won’t have to coax their appetites. Give 
them feed they can turn into milk with¬ 
out waste. They need 
Quality 
First 
Economy 
Always 
Get a sample-free for the asking—com¬ 
pare it with tile feed you're now using. Get 
our booklet “Economical Feeding,' free 
for 2c stamp. 
The UBIKO MILLING COMPANY 
14 E. Third St., Cincinnati, Ohio 
Jed 
Prices 
leader, shipped 
from warehouse 
near you, now $56.95— 
former price, $61.90. 
This is a sample of our 
wonderful price reduc¬ 
tions on American Beauty 
Buggies. Other guaranteed 
buggies as low as $26.95. 
Write for our big 1915 vehicle 
proposition. Yours for the 
asking. 
Sea7s,Roebuck and Co. 
Chicago 
1 
• F . 
-HANDY BINDER 
T UST the thing for preserv- 
ing files of The Rural 
New-Yorker. Durable and 
cheap. Sent postpaid for 25 
cents. 
The Rural New-Yorker. 
333 W. 30th St., N. Y. City. 
