472 
March 27, 
method of spraying against the wind, as 
it is often impossible to secure favorable 
winds at the right time, and we find it 
difficult if not impossible to do a satis¬ 
factory job of spraying without the aid of 
the wind from different directions on dif¬ 
ferent days. Should the new dust sprays 
come into general use this need will be 
even greater. I would advise caution 
against the too hasty adoption of this 
method, however, as while it may in time 
be brought to a satisfactory stage of de¬ 
velopment, there are many details to be 
worked out before I would feel safe in 
depending on it. About 10 or 15 years 
ago there was a great “dust craze,” and 
I invested in one of the machines and a 
quantity of materials. I was obliged to 
begin working at it at daylight, and stop 
as soon as the leaves became dry, or the 
least wind began to stir, and as to 
handling the dust, or receiving a whiff of 
it in the eyes occasionally, lime and sul¬ 
phur are nectar compared with it. I 
hope the system may be “practicalized” 
but I am willing to “try it on the dog” 
first. W. W. FARNSWORTH. 
Ohio. 
Grape Juice in North Carolina. 
I HAVE just taken up the work of farm 
demonstrator for this county. It is 
specially suited to grape culture, a 
regular grape paradise. But for one 
thing I would like, if possible, to get 
grapes planted for a grape juice factory. 
The question is, would more grapevines 
cause much trouble from wine? There is 
some little made and sold now. Our law 
lets one make wine to be sold in pack¬ 
ages not less than one gallon. It cannot 
be shipped and cannot be drank on the 
place. Of course, the law is broken and 
small quantities sold to a certain extent. 
I would not want to advise the planting 
of grapes if it would lead to trouble. 
What do you think about it? Is there 
much trouble in the grape section of New 
York? W. R. B. 
North Carolina. 
The history of grape-growing in the va¬ 
rious sections of the United States shows 
that wherever grapes are grown some 
wine is made. Often, however, this is in 
very small amounts, and for local con¬ 
sumption only. The tendency seems to be 
toward an increase of manufacture, as 
the fruit production becomes greater. 
Many of the cheaper wines in New York 
are made from grapes that are unfit for 
putting in baskets, and are too poor in 
quality for the manufacture of unfer¬ 
mented juice. When waste grapes are 
thus used the grower has an outlet for 
practically his entire product, and the 
wine makers are enabled to obtain fruit 
at a very reasonable cost. The laws of 
New York allow the manufacture and 
sale of wines, subject, of course, to re¬ 
strictions as to purity, etc. Certain grape 
districts of the State are given almost en¬ 
tirely to the growing of wine grapes, and 
in others the varieties are such that they 
can be utilized either for table or wine. 
Personal observation leads to the belief 
that the wine-growing sections have not 
deteriorated by reason of the introduction 
of wine making. F. E. o. 
Tomatoes Ripen Unevenly. 
Is the cause known for the imperfect 
ripening of tomatoes? Mine nearly all 
show green round the stem. Last year 
I had Langdon’s Earliana, Chalk’s Jewell 
and Livingston’s Globe, but most of them 
had some green, except part of those 
picked from vines to escape frost and 
ripened indoors. Is this imperfect ripen¬ 
ing an indication of any soil defect, or 
does the mode of culture or manuring 
have anything to do with it? I put a 
shovelful of barnyard manure under the 
plants when setting and sometimes use 
ashes round them later. A. N. 
Maine. 
A number of things might have caused 
your tomatoes to ripen unevenly. I can¬ 
not say definitely just what the real cause 
might have been. Tomatoes grown on 
ground very rich in nitrogen would make 
a rank vine growth, the fruits would be 
slow in ripening and they would not ripen 
evenly. Blighted plants will often pro¬ 
duce fruits that ripen irregularly and 
often with a hard green core. A great 
deal depends on the variety or strain. 
With certain varieties or strains there 
is a decided tendency for the fruit to 
ripen with the stem end quite green. 
This makes much waste in slicing. The 
best variety I have found for the home 
garden that does not show this tendency 
to a marked degree is the Bonny Best. It 
ripens well up to the stem end and be¬ 
cause of its shape there is very little 
THE RURAL NEW-VORKER 
waste in slicing. When there is too 
much nitrogen present as evidenced by 
a too luxuriant vine growth it will be 
well to make heavy applications of mate¬ 
rials rich in phosphoric acid and potash, 
especially phosphoric acid. This is used 
by the plant in seed development, and any 
tomato will be slow in ripening if the 
seeds are not fully developed. Other 
things being equal, the quicker seeds are 
developed and matured the more rapid the 
ripening, and the chances are the color 
will cover a larger surface of the to¬ 
mato than if the ripening was delayed by 
a lack of the phosphoric acid that is so 
much needed for proper seed development. 
TRUCKER, JR. 
Use of Fresh Horse and Hen Manure. 
1 have about three tons of chicken ma¬ 
nure which was hauled out to the field 
in October, lying out in the weather in 
piles about a foot deep. Do you think 
this would be a good fertilizer for the 
hills of melons, cucumbers, tomatoes and 
cabbage this Spring? Would fresh horse 
manure with quite a little straw in it 
scattered on the ground in the early part 
of March and plowed under in a week 
or two injure garden crops and straw¬ 
berries this Spring? 8. G. M. 
Barry, Ill. 
If used moderately hen hanure will help 
to bring out a full crop of melons, canta¬ 
loupes and tomatoes. If applied too 
heavy there will be an excessive vine 
growth and perhaps a light set of fruit. 
I would not use more than a good-sized 
handful to each hill. Soil should be 
thrown over it so there will be no chance 
of the seeds of the melons or cantaloupes, 
or the roots of the tomatoes, coming in 
direct contact with the manure. Other¬ 
wise burning may result. With cabbage 
there is not so much danger of using too 
much. It can be applied in rather larger 
amounts, and the cabbage will usually 
head up larger because of it. 
Fresh long horse manure will not in¬ 
jure garden crops and berries so far as 
the plant food in it is concerned. It will 
help them. But if applied thickly and 
turned under there is danger of getting 
a great mass of trashy material in the 
bottom of the furrows which will prevent 
the rise of soil moisture and the crops 
may suffer for lack of moisture should the 
season turn out dry. In a very wet year 
it would prove an advantage. It is some¬ 
what of a gamble. You may hit or you 
may lose. As a rule we try to avoid 
turning under long horse manure in early 
Spring for garden crops. It is very apt 
to interfere with cultivation even if it 
does no injury in other ways. If it is 
used no time should be lost in getting it 
turned upder. trucker, jh. 
Top-worked Kieffer Pears. 
I T occurred to me about 20 years ago 
that to top-work Kieffer trees to bet¬ 
ter varieties would have a tendency to 
resist the blight, as at that time the 
much-lauded Kieffer was rated as blight- 
proof. I set 400 very thrifty trees. The 
first and second season I top-worked by 
budding Anjou, Winter Nelis, Fitz- 
water, and Seckel on about 200, leaving 
the remainder as a test. Results show 
with me a total failure. After the tops 
were blighted (I kept it cut out) it at¬ 
tacked the body and all died. Forty of 
the Kieffer trees were set along a fence 
and in sod; they were blighted as badly 
as those cultivated. The trees not top- 
worked blighted just as badly. 
Ohio. R. a. hunt. 
Close-pruned Grapevines. 
M B.’s letter on page 263 complaining 
.of bis tenant who pruned his grape¬ 
vines till they “looked like a rope,” 
reminds me that I have for 20 years 
pruned mine the same way—Concords, 
Niagara, Wordens, etc. “Though I do 
say it as shouldn’t,” I have had the name 
of growing more and better grapes than 
my neighbors—this in Southern New 
York. "When I have a vine pruned it 
looks "very like a rope” or perhaps more 
like a capital T with upright five or six 
feet high and arms four feet long. From 
each joint—about six inches apart—un¬ 
less the wood is several years old, a shoot 
starts, capable of bearing two or three 
large bunches, making a very pretty rope 
(I thank him for that word) eight feet 
long. I only find it necessary to renew 
these arms after two or three years. The 
strong features of this method are its 
simplicity and success, but in addition 
it keeps the grapes up out of reach of 
poultry. E. N. B. 
“Which one of the Ten Command¬ 
ments did Adam break when he ate the 
apple?” asked the Sunday school teacher. 
“He didn’t break any,” replied one little 
fellow. “Why not?” queried the teacher. 
"’Cause there wasn’t any then.”—Credit 
Lost. 
Harrisons’ Fruit Trees Pay 
--HERE IS THE EVIDENCE - 
Harrison Berlin-grown trees produced Yellow Transparent Apples that sold for 
$1,000 a car last season, when apples in common orchards lay rotting on the ground. 
Harrison Berlin-grown Peach trees yielded fruit that sold for $3 or more a carrier 
last season, when peaches from common orchards sold at 50 cents a basket. 
Baldwin, Stayman, M. B. Twig, McIntosh, Yellow Transparent 
These are reliable apples for general planting. In New England, and along the 
Great Lakes, Baldwin and Yellow Transparent are winners; farther south and in the West 
we advise other sorts. Plant the varieties of Apples and Peaches for your section—ask 
i us about them ; remember, our orchard men will help smu. 
Our 1915 Catalogue 
will tell you how we grow trees at Berlin, and why 
Harrisons’ trec3 are profitable for all sections. 
Write your name and address on a postal 
and say, “Send me your catalogue.” 
Give it to your rural carrier— 
you will have the catalogue 
in a day or two. 
HARRISONS’NURSERIES 
Largest Growers of 
Fruit Trees in the World 
Box 594 Berlin, Md. 
LONEY Guaranteed TREES 
2S FIRST-CLASS, 3-4 FT. ELBERTA PEACH TREES FOR $1.0 O 
GUARANTEED TRUE TO NAME AND FREE FROM DISEASE. 
Take advantage of this special offer today. Don't bother getting a 
monev order, just enclose a $1.00 bill. It’s safe. RIG WHOLESALE 
CATALOG ILLUSTRATED in COLORS FREE to EVERYBODY 
MALONEY BROS, fit WELLS CO., Box 76, Daniville, N. Y. 
Dansville Pioneer Wholesale Surgeries 
Fruit Trees and 
Small Fruits 
Amateurs may be led astray by glowing 
descriptions of new offerings. We grow 
stock especially 
FOR FRUIT GROWERS 
who want nothing but the best., and that 
which will bring them good, sure returns. 
We aim to DRAW a few NEW cus¬ 
tomers each vear, and HOLD every one 
of them—not by low prices or extravagant 
promises, but by high quality and reli¬ 
ability. 
ORNAMENTAL STOCK 
at reasonable prices. All stock is described 
and priced in our new catalogue, FREE. 
JOS. H. BLACK, SON & CO., Hightstown, N. J. 
“Apples for Profit and Use” 
— an instructive chapter in our latest 
Fruit Book — yours for the asking. It 
tells why you should hejp supply the 
ever - growing demand for apples. 
You'll find it a big paving and per¬ 
manent investment—with an abundant 
supply of apples for home use as 
extra. Get this book at once. Learn 
from men who have been in the busi¬ 
ness for 25 years— 
How to Grow Apples and Peaches 
— how best to select, plant and culti¬ 
vate our guaranteed true - to - name, 
hardy, healthy and well rooted trees— 
Standard or dwarf. The book also 
describes our full line of pear, plum i 
and cherry trees, raspberries, straw¬ 
berries, ornamental shrubs, etc. 32 
pages—illustrated, highly interesting. 
Send for your free copy today. 
The Barne* Bros. Nnr,ery Co., Box g Yalesville, Conn. 
CARMAN PEACH TREES 
The Hardiest and Best Peach of its spason. 20 
tirst-class trees of this Variety by KXPRKSS 
PRKPA1U for $2. Satisfaction Guaranteed. Your 
money back if not pleased. Write at once for our 
Price List on full line of high-grade Nursery 
Stock. Varieties true. No agents. 
NEW HAVEN NURSERIES 
Box 25, New Haven, - - Missouri 
Fruit Trees 
Berry Plants, Asparagus, Ornamentals and Roses. 
Direct to planters from our nurseries at greatly reduced 
prices. Send for new CATALOGUE, which tells how 
and where to get FRESH DUG trees, FREIGHT PAID. 
L’Amoreaux Nursery Co., Schoharie, N. Y. 
eillys NEW 
FRUIT BOOK 
• » _.1_1.1 ~ 1 w.«' .m .>4 i/.n no or 
Contain, much valuable information a, well u many bar- 
rain, in Apple, Peach. Pear. Plum, Cherry and other fnnt 
trees. Buy direct and tare agent’, profit of 60 per ct. or more. 
12 APPLE TREES 98c. 
a Ducheaa, 2 Baldwins. 2 Ben Davia. 2 
Northern Spy, 2 Greening. 2 Winter 
Banana. All fine. 2-year full-rooted 
I trees, guaranteed variety true or money 
back. Writ* for Catalog Now. 
. REILLY BROS. NURSERIES, 
'377 Reilly Road, Dansville, N. V. 
ATTRACTIVE OFFER 
IN NURSERY STOCK 
For Spring planting v e have as fine a lot of stock ns 
can be found in the Country. All stock freshly dug, 
and net in cold storage. Special prices on large 
quantities. Write for Catalogue, and send us your 
list of wants. Apples and Peaches in largo quanti¬ 
ties. Send order while there is a full list or varieties. 
THE STEPHEN HOYT'S SONS CO., New Canaan. Conn. 
MILLIONS of TREES 
PLANTS, VINES, ROSES, ETC. 
The oldest, largest and most complete nursery in 
Michigan. Send for catalog. Prices reasonable 
I. E. ILGENFRITZ’ SONS CO. 
THE MONROE NURSERY, MONROE, MICH. 
Buy Pear Trees Now 
Fraser’s Pear Trees are sent direct from the 
nursery to you. All standard sorts.grown in the 
famous Genesee Valley fruit section, and sold 
at as low a price as any one can sell GOOD trees. 
FRASER S TREE BOOK is free to all interested in 
Apples,Plums,Pears,Cherries—write for a copy 
today. SAMUEL FRASER 
126 Main St. Geneseo, N.Y. 
& KellysTREES 
THE KIND THAT "MAKE GOOD” 
True to Name—Free from Disease 
Apple, Pear, Peach, Plum, Cherry and Quince 
Trees, also small Fruits and Ornamentals, 
shipped direct to your orchard at Grower*' 
Price*. 85 years’ ex|>erieiice in growing trees enables us to 
produce Kuaranteed stock at a low coat. So we can ship 
splendid trees at a low figure. Write for catalog. 
Kelly Bros., Wholesale Nurseries. 258 Main St., Dansville. N. T. 
You’ll never regret planting Kelly Tree* J 
450,000 TRFFS 
200 varieties. Also Grapes, Small Fruits, etc. Best rooted 
stock. Genuine,cheap. ;! wimple currants— 10c. Descriptive 
price list free. Lewis Roesch, Box L, Fredonia. N. Y. 
UIJ.l'.'l.l:ilJ.iA.il.!.IIJ.I.Il-ll,ilUU 
8.000.000 fruit trees. 4c each and up: 6.000,000 
email fruits. thousands of roses, cbmbinjrvmea. 
bedjre plants, ornamental trees 
lowest prices. WRITE FOIL b RLL ILLUS¬ 
TRATED CATALOG TODAY. 
TrTWfj ttpotatrs nttrRRRTE8. • Oalt St* 
300,000 
APPLES 
Budded on whole roots French Seedling 6-7 ft., ^c.; 5-6 ft., 7c.; 4-5 ft.. 5c.; 3-4 ft., 
branched. 4c. 200.000 Peach. 8t>c., 6Gc., 4c., 3*120.; and thousands of Pear, Plum. 
Cherry, Quince, Grapes, Roses and Small Fruits. The Quest we have ever of¬ 
fered. Order from the man who grows his own trees and save disappointment at fruiting 
time. Catalog free to everybody. Bead card today. THOMAS E. SHEERIN, NURSERY¬ 
MAN, No. 21 Main Street, Dansville, N. Y. The Kind That Froduces Results. 
PRTTIT TREES 
More than 25 years our DEPENDABLE TREES have been offered through this paper. The largest 
growers in this and other suites vouch for their superior qualities and values. No misleading 
promises or FAKE WHOLESALE PRICES. Our aim as always QUALITY FIRST and DOLLAR FOR DOLLAR 
in values. Buy direct—save agents’ profits, useless handling, and exposure. Our customers 
verify our “TRUE TO LABEL” claims. Ask for our catalog. 
Estab. 1847 H. S. WILEY & SON, Box B, Cayuga, New York 
My Pennsylvania Grown 
BUDDED and GRAFTED English Walnut 
and Pecan trees will succeed with you. 
You will find my catalogue ef mere than erdinary interest 
and I want you to have a copy. 
" If you don’t order some of my Hardy Budded and Grafted trees 
this season, you will do so later. 1 feel sure, because they are of 
such value and importance that you can’t afford to not do so. 
J. F. JONES, The Nut Tree Specialist, Bex 527, Lancaster, Pa. 
