April 
1915. 
'1' i I 1-1 InL vJ i'i.A. Lr . 
Selecting the Breeding Ewe 
QTAKTING EARLY.—More care ought 
O to be uccd in selecting ewes for breed¬ 
ers (bun is commonly practiced. Few 
farr. r.s would care to breed a mare, sow 
< r heifer that promised to develop into a 
scrub, yet it is a common practice among 
too many farmers to breed a ewe of any 
description. There is absolutely no profit 
in so doing, as nothing but inferior 
young can be obtained from scrub par¬ 
ents, and incautious breeding is doing 
more to keep the sheep industry from pro¬ 
gressing as it should than anything else 
we know of. Sheep are profitable animals 
when properly handled, but they require 
the same good judgment in caring for 
them that is needed by other livestock 
to make them a paying investment. 
Sometimes the ewes that are wanted for 
breeders may be selected at birth, if the 
keeper is familiar with sheep and knows 
a good lamb when he sees one. But the 
best time to cull the flock is when the 
lambs are about six months old. While 
a ewe should not be bred under 18 
months, it is not at all necessary to wait 
until this age to determine which ewes 
to keep for breeding purposes. When 
the other "points” turn out right, we 
always prefer a single lamb to a twin or 
triplet to keep for breeders, as they near¬ 
ly always attain a larger size. While 
size is important, it is by no means all- 
important. The fact that the mother was 
a twin, triplet, or single lamb will have 
nothing to do with the number of lambs 
she will raise. I have in my flock twin 
ewes that get single lambs nearly every 
year, and single ewes that get twins, and 
am of the opinion that this is a matter 
of chance. 
Size And Type. —It is a mistake to 
select a ewe on account of her unusual 
length of leg or body, as these points are 
more of a disadvantage than otherwise. 
While it is desirable to have tin 1 ewe as 
large as possible, the height should be in 
flesh and wool instead < f in legs. Long- 
legged sheep can give a good account of 
themselves in keeping out of the way of 
dogs, or in getting over high fences, but 
that is about all that can be said in their 
favor. I have always noticed that the 
wildest sheep in the flock are those of 
the long-legged, long-bodied type, and in 
my estimation a wild sheep is very little 
better than none at all. Absolute speci¬ 
fications cannot be given for selecting a 
good breeding ewe, unless every breed is 
dealt with separately, as what is 
considered a typical sheep in one breed 
would be rated as inferior in an- 
uther. For instance, a typical Lincoln 
sheep is almost the exact opposite of 
a typical Shropshire. Ilainpshires are 
noted for being of much heavier build in 
the fore quarters, with well-wooled legs, 
and larger head than are most other 
breeds. As the Shropshire is perhaps the 
best known and most profitable general- 
purpose sheep raised in America we will 
confine ourselves to instructions for se¬ 
lecting a ewe of this breed. 
Shropshire Type.—A typical Shrop¬ 
shire ewe must be square and compactly 
built, short-legged, with the w r ool extend¬ 
ing downwards towards the hoof; a short, 
thick body with well-developed and 
equally proportioned quarters, and a 
straight, broad back. The head should be 
full and broad, set on a short, heavy neck, 
with a rather small nose. The eye should 
b • full, clear and brilliant; carefully 
avoid ewes with a dull, sickly appear¬ 
ance. The head should be protected by 
a low-growing wool cap, in fact the head 
cannot be too well wooled. The nose, ears 
and legs of this breed should be very 
dark brown or black. Avoid keeping 
sheep with black or brown wool, as wool 
of this color is usually subject to reduc¬ 
tion in price. When a lamb is born, 
black or spotted it usually becomes white 
when a few months old. and often devel¬ 
ops into one of the best breeders. 
Gentleness An Advantage. —Keep 
the breeders tame, and do not purchase a 
wild ewe at any price. Wild sheep are 
very annoying, and often cause farmers 
to use language they should not. Much 
handling of the lambs while they are 
small serves to make them tame. Wild 
owes are not desirable as breeders, for 
the reason that they are difficult to care 
for at lambing time, are alarmed and 
running at the slightest noise, often to 
their injury. The lambs from such stock 
are apt to bo of the same disposition, and 
a wild nervous sheep will not thrive or 
put on flesh, nor produce for the young 
as well as will a sheep of a quiet gentle 
disposition. 
Goon Quality Desirable. —It is a 
sad mistake to breed a scrub ewe merely 
for the sake of increasing the size of the 
flock quickly. Few farmers would care 
to increase their other lines of livestock 
in this way. It will pay better to have 
a little patience, and wait until some 
first-class young ewes can be raised. Re¬ 
member that a ewe may be large and yet 
be unfit for breeding. A ewe weighing 
100 pounds at seven months old, and hav¬ 
ing the desired characteristics, is pretty 
certain to develop into a good breeder. 
Gull out the aged and inferior ewes from 
the flock as soon as good younger ones 
can be obtained to take their place. 
Where it is thought advisable to increase 
the size of the flock at once it will pay 
to sell off the old and worthless ewes, 
and purchase new and younger stock of 
good breeding, even if they cost twice as 
much as the culls sold for in market. 
No money is ever lost in paying good 
prices for high-grade livestock, except in 
case of death, and this is liable to occur 
anywhere, and is more apt to happen in 
flocks of poor quality and low vitality. 
Well-bred Sires. —After doing every¬ 
thing possible to improve the quality of 
the flock it often happens that a good 
buck cannot always be obtained just 
when it is wanted, and the keeper is apt 
to turn in any scrub buck he can borrow 
or buy for a few dollars. Don’t do this. 
Breed up. not down. The results of care¬ 
ful selection and treatment of the flock 
for many years can often be ruined in 
one season by the use of a scrub or un¬ 
healthy buck, which is almost certain to 
produce weak and unthrifty lambs. 
Ohio. DANIEL l’ROWANT. 
Will the Silage Freeze? 
O you think a silo 12x30 feet would 
freeze up solid on the north end of 
my farm? Some have told me it was 
not practical, and others say it is the 
proper place and will not freeze to hurt. 
Maine. E. II. W. 
The question in regard to a silo freez¬ 
ing on the north side of a farm can be 
easily answered. In very Cold weather 
it will stiffen up for perhaps six inches 
or so on the outside edge, but this does 
no harm, even if a little of this frozen 
stuff gets mixed in with the cow’s ration. 
There is enough natural heat from the 
silage so that for a silo to freeze solid 
would be practically impossible. One of 
my neighbors has a tile silo which he says 
does not freeze a little bit even on the 
edges. The place to put your silo is 
where it is handy to till and more espe¬ 
cially handy to feed from, as time is 
money in all work. If the handy spot >s 
on the north side, put it there; if in 
some other location, put it there. It 
makes no difference about location as far 
as freezing is concerned or keeping quali¬ 
ties either—to have it handy to get at is 
the main thing. A. E. I*. 
Renovating Butter. 
OW can I make "strong” butter eat¬ 
able? We have about 50 pounds 
made eight or nine months ago. This 
butter looks flue, but is quite strong. 
New Jersey. J. b. f. 
I would suggest that this butter be 
melted to a high temperature, adding bak¬ 
ing soda in the proportion of one tea¬ 
spoonful to 10 pounds. Care must be 
taken to have the butter in a large ves¬ 
sel, for the soda will cause it to foam 
somewhat. Allow this to remain at the 
high temperature for a very few minutes. 
Remove, pouring through a strainer into 
a vessel of very cold water. This should 
form grains which should then be put 
into a churn with fresh ripened cream, 
fresh good flavored buttermilk or sweet 
milk, either whole or skim-milk, and 
churned. This should then be washed, 
salted and worked in the usual way. Of- 
eourse, if this butter is for home use 
nothing more need be. said, but if it is to 
be put on the market the seller is liable 
to a fine unless this product is labeled 
renovated butter. K. c. w. 
SAFETY. SPf ED^tFFICI EHCY 
r-UT YOUR SILAGE as fast 
^ as you can feed it into the 
hopper; elevate it into the high¬ 
est silo uniformly and without 
choking the pipe; do the work 
without endangering the safety 
of the operator or of the machine 
by using only the 
E SILAGE CUTTER 
Automatic safety yoke makes ac¬ 
cidents impossible.Solid disk with 
straight knives absolutely pro¬ 
tects operating parts of machine 
from breakage. Fans throw and 
blow, thereby doing most work 
with least power. Varioussizes re¬ 
quiring 3'A Horse Power only 
and up. Strong, sirrq le, durable 
and very economical. Write today 
for FREE CATALOG. 
Distributing houses everywhere. 
SWAYNE, ROBINSON & CO. 
210 Main St. Richmond, 
Indiana 
Wri te now for low 
price , early-or- 
dtr-priv-later 
proposi¬ 
tion- 
Better food, 
healthier cows, 
more milk, better 
prices — that is the 
platform of the 
Green Mountain Silo 
Made to last a liietime and preserve 
6ila|>e with its original 
nutrition. Thick creo- 
soted 6tavcs, strong 
hoops, simple, tight 
doors. 
Creamery Pkg. Mfg. Co., 
338 West Streat, 
Rutland, Vermoot. 
Distributors for Neu' York State: 
DEY0-MACEY SALES CO. 
Binghamton, N. Y. 
Don’t Keep 
Your Cows 
through 
the Winter- 
MakeJhenv 
HARDER 
SILOS 
Extra profits from big yields of 
milk; healthier cows from cheap, 
|| nourishing silage. Entire corn 
crop used none wasted. Uncle 
Sam uses Harder Silos. Write for 
catalog. HARDER MFG. CO. 
vBox 11 Coblcskill, N. Y. 
PAPEC 
ENSILAGE 
CUTTERS 
Highest quality silage. % less 
power. Large capacity. Ele¬ 
vate to unusual heights. Built 
to last. Throw, blow and lift. 
LIGHT RUNNING 
One-piece semi-steel frame and per¬ 
fect alignment of main bearings at all 
times. Capacities3 to 30 tons per hour, 
in sizes from 4 H.P. up. When silos 
are high, conditions hard, or power 
thought insufficient, the “Papec” in¬ 
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Thousands in use. Write postal today 
for free Catalog on “The Wonderful 
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engine will run them. 
| PAPEC MACHINE CO., Boi 10 Short.ville, N.T. 
29 Convenient Distributing Points in V. S. 
Perfectly Alr-tlght 
Perfect-fitting doors make the silo abso¬ 
lutely air-tight. That keeps the ensilage 
sweet and fresh down to last forktul. Quick, 
easy adjustment—no hammer or wrench 
needed. Strong steel hoops form easy 
ladder. Bu.lt to last a lifetime—of White or 
Yellow Pine, Oregon Fir or Cypress. You 
may pay more money, but you can’t buy a 
better silo. Complete ancho-ing system 
furnished with every silo. Our motto Is 
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ECONOMY SILO A MANUFACTURING CO. 
Dept. J Frederick, Md. 
Silos 
They preserve silage perfectly. Com¬ 
bine best construction, greatest dura¬ 
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and keep air-tight. Writetoday for cata¬ 
logue, Agents wanted. Address 
UNADILLA 8IL0 00., Box C , UnadUla, N. Y J 
OUR 
LARGE 
FREt 
CATALOG 'III: 
THE FRONT that GAVE 
THE GRIFFIN SILO FAME 
An nnobitrndted ©ontlnuou* opening. 
Door* absolutely tight but will uot 
Permanent steel ladder attached to from 
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GRIFFIN LUMBER CO 
Box It. HUDSON FALLS.N Y 
-'Study the ensilage cutter problem 
J from every angle—speed, durabi.ity, safety, 
/ saving of power. The more you learn, the 
more you’ll agree that "The Light Running 
■ Silberzahn" is best of alL Has the strongest 
J built frame, throat and blower that never clog, best 
[ knife adjustment, positive safety device and other 
I valuable features found lo no other. Write today f 
| for catalog and proof. 
GEHL BROS. MFGJCO. 
1073$.Wat«rSt. Wert Bind, WIj.. 
Pure Feeding Molasses 
We are first hands and can quote you absolutely bottom 
prices, delivered your station, in lots of anywhere from 
one barivl to a trainload. Write for booklet. 
THE MEADER-ATLAS CO. 
N. V. Office, 107 Hudson Stieet.Now York City 
W HIT E 
SCOURS 
To prove that CURA-BOS positively cures White Scour* 
(also proven tat he disease j'T’f) I A ¥ DGTTI I? 
WE GIVE O N E 1 KlAL DU i 1 LL 
to stockmen for 10c in stamps to p iy postage and packing. 
SAVE NEW BORN CALVES 
Breeders everywhere, such un Wm. M. Jones, Waukesha Go. 
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(Holstein) Herd, Liverpool, N. Y'. and hundreds of others who 
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calves, get sample now. Regular Bottle $1.00 
TROY CHEMICAL CO. 24 Commerce Ave., Binghamton, N.Y- 
Easier for the Shearer and 
better for the Sheeps 
Wool Means Money! 
Why not get all there is from your sheep ? You can easily 
net from 15 to 20 per cent more on every sheep you 
shear with a Stewart No. 9 Shearing Machtne. 
Don’t labor with hand shears, in the old, hard, sweaty 
way. Don’t have aching, swollen wrists. Don’t scar and 
disfigure your sheep with uneven shearing and spoil the 
wool with second cuts. Takeoff the fleece smoothly 
and quickly in one unbroken blanket with a 
Stewart No. 9 burinc 
S hearing Machine 
It gets a length and qualitj^of wool that will bring the highest 
price. The Stewart runs so easily a child can turn the handle 
while you shear. Extra profits soon pay for it. It’s the most 
perfect hand operated shearing machine ever devised. 
Has ball bearings in every part where friction or wear 
occurs. Has a ball bearing shearing head of latest improved 
Stewart pattern. Price complete, including 4 combs and 4 cutters 
of the celebrated Stewart pattern, only $11.50. 
Writ, for FREE catalogue showing most complete line 
_ of Sheep Shearing and Hors* Clipping Machines. 
CHICA60 FLEXIBLE SHAFT CO. 14* II. La Salle St., CHICAGO, ILL. 
When you write advertisers mention The R. N.-Y. and you’ll get a quick rep)' 
and a "square deal.” See guarantee editorial page. 
