THE RURAL NRW-YORRiCR 
537 
good progress on a rented farm. 
W HEN we started farming three years 
ago, we determined not to go in 
debt for tools. Some of the most 
expensive machines needed we hired from 
the neighbors and paid rent, for others 
we exchanged work. In this way we 
managed to get along well. On a small 
farm like ours there are only a few acres 
of each grain crop out, and to have an ex¬ 
pensive machine to harvest each crop, re¬ 
quires too much money invested. We 
started with $760.55, and our inventory 
shows now $1,000 on hand, or in the 
three years renting this 68-acre farm, 
$.'580 net profit a year, in addition to our 
vegetables, fruits and meat. While this 
profit is not large we are reasonably well 
satisfied, as we have got now to where 
things ought to go a little better. Our 
money crops these last three years have 
been truck crops which mean work. We 
raise nearly all of our living, and we en¬ 
joy our fresh milk, butter, eggs, fruit and 
meat, I believe our experience is about 
like a good many neighbors around us, 
none are making big money, but just a 
steadily and slowly increasing, s. n. n. 
Ohio. 
Some interesting points are noted in the 
writer’s inventory and are 10 sheep, and 
live bred sows. lie is making good pro¬ 
gress, while many who rent farms make 
no progress year after year. When they 
move from one locality to the next they 
leave many unpaid and uncollectible 
bills. 
THE HELP PROBLEM. 
Are the farmers in your section able 
lo obtain a fair supply of farm help? 
Are wages the same as formerly, and is 
help satisfactory? 
The supply of farm help is equal to 
the demand. Wages are $1 per day and 
hoard. There are no changes in the plans 
or methods of farmers to get along with 
h ss help. There is a shortage of female 
help in this locality. L. tj. 
Ulster Co., N. Y. 
We can get all kinds of help around 
here this year, but good sober men are as 
scarce as ever. I had about 12 or 15 
here in the last week or two. Most of 
ihem work in mills and would quit as 
soon as the mill runs again. The wages 
are about the same, $20 for eight months 
for fair help, $25 and $20 for the good 
ones. We keep the same one we had 
for three years at $25 the year around. 
I raise Ilolsteins for the milkmen. The 
farmers are just waking up around here 
since we got the Farm Bureau. Every¬ 
body in the county is talking cover crops, 
praying and better stock. Five years ago 
a silo was a joke; now as soon as a man 
gets six cows, the next thing is a silo, 
it takes more ludp, but the new machines 
save lots of help. j. R. 
Montgomery Co., N. Y. 
The labor question in this section this 
yi air is a pretty stiff proposition. While 
there are lots of laborers the wages are 
very high, higher in proportion than pro- 
I’nce farmers and fruit growers have to 
sell, and the tendency is to hire loss help. 
Farmers have in former years obtained 
1 elp from the cities, but they are very 
unsatisfactory and unreliable. 
Niagara Co., N. Y. g. w. T. 
The farmers in this section are favored 
in being able to get help which largely 
is raised in the vicinity, all Americans 
:.nd born in this section. This is a dairy 
section and the farmers quite largely hire 
by. the year, furnishing tenant house and 
so are able to get quite a good class of 
help. Of course some of it is not what 
it should be, but we do not have much 
cause for complaint. The prices are 
about what they have been for some time, 
$20 per month and board for single man, 
$400 per year with house, garden, fuel 
and milk for married man, he to board 
himself. I don’t think the farmers are 
trying to get along with less help, in fact 
as long as we keep a dairy we shall have 
to keep about so much help. n. j. h. 
Oswego Co., N. Y. 
Farm laborers are very plentiful this 
Spring, that is, common help, such men 
as you would expect to hire for $17 to 
$20 a month, but good men are scarce. I 
would say that farm help at this particu¬ 
lar place is cheaper this year than form- 
ilv, and a certain class is willing to 
work for almost an y thing. l. r. b. 
Antwerp, N. Y. 
It would certainly make a Marion 
County, W. Va., farmer smile to read 
about Lee W. Serve.v’s “short day” (?) 
mi page 280, from 5 a. m. till 6 p. m. 
Here if the hired man is ready to leave 
the house by 7 a. m. it is counted early 
(by him). If the farmer should work 
him after 5 p. m. he would be hunting a 
new hand in short order. Here a hired 
hand never counts it a part of his job 
to assist with the chores, except to feed 
the team he may be using. There are 
probably a few exceptional hands but not 
many. If the man does not live with his 
employer, many times he does not show 
up till 8 a. m. 
This is an oil section and the farm 
hands have adopted the customs of the 
laborers in the oil fields. Of course the 
fanners do as little hiring as possible. 
'\ ages with board and washing from $1 
to $1.50 per day; without board $1.50 
to $2. Nearly all the good hands get 
jobs in the oil fields at $75 to $100 per 
month. The writer is fortunate in hav¬ 
ing a good hand, but nine hours actual 
work in a day is the exception rather 
than the rule. n. n. c. 
R. N.-Y.—In places where a factory 
whistle can be heard the hired man usu¬ 
ally times his labor by the sound. 
Your Milk Permit 
LIVE STOCK NOTES. 
The latest dairy product seems to be 
“canned cheese.” This is the ordinary 
Cheddar cheese put up in airtight cans 
so that it may be shipped anywhere and 
held indefinitely. The cheese is made in 
the ordinary way and pressed in hoops of 
small diameter. It is then cut into suit¬ 
able pieces, put into airtight tins and 
thoroughly sealed, much the same as the 
cans which contain vegetables and meats. 
Handled in this way, the cheese may be 
kept for a considerable time and shipped 
anywhere for use. We understand that 
a considerable trade is developing in this 
form of cheese, with the prospect that 
there will be a considerable increase or 
development in this trade. 
Have had very fine weather here since 
the middle of last month, only a little dry 
for wheat and rye. Rain recently has 
saturated the soil now and it is now too 
wet for plowing, save in tough sod, and 
well drained fields. Many farmers have 
all their sod ground broken for corn and 
oats. If the weather remains good for 
another week, many oats will be sown. It 
is very early yet to expect settled weather 
here, as we seldom have weather for oats 
sowing until the first of April. This 
Winter has been an exceptionally severe 
one in most part, and many anticipate 
an early Spring. Gardens are plowed, 
and many have sown lettuce, radishes and 
onions, and we are almost tempted to 
try planting an early patch of potatoes. 
Farmers are getting orchards in shape 
to spray. San Josd scale is very bad 
here in our orchards, and is killing many 
of them out. We have had a fight in 
our orchard, but are winning and get¬ 
ting many fine apples by our effort. Old 
orchards have about all died out since 
the scale invasion. Not a few farms have 
changed hands in this section. They sell 
for about $1555 to $150 per acre, owing 
to improvements. The improvements in 
our county are just ordinary taking an 
average. There are a number of elegant, 
modern farm homes and not a few still 
living in primitive log cabins in the more 
unsettled regions. Our neighbor has just 
recently removed into a modern home 
from one of these cabins which was built 
in 1860. o. w. b. 
l-ancock Co., Ohio. 
March 15. Nebraska has recently had 
the worst storm of the season, or any 
other season. It began with a drizzling 
rain which continued for two days, wind¬ 
ing up with a snowfall of 10 inches. This 
put the roads in very bad shape with 10 
inches heavy snow and nearly that of 
mud. The next week snow again set 
in, continuing for three days with a stiff 
east wind. When it ended the roads and 
railroads were completely blocked. The 
weather was not cold, not even freezing, 
but 23 inches of snow fell, making 33 
inches in a week. The roads are now 
broken out. but horrible is the only 
word to apply to the conditions with the 
deep snow and mud. The rural mails 
have been stopped for a week. Usually 
we expect to begin Spring work at this 
time, but now it seems inevitable that 
it will be very late, for the snow melts 
very slowly. The sun has not shone a 
day in three weeks. Stock has not suf¬ 
fered badly, as the weather has been mild. 
A farmer living eight miles from town 
had 4i hogs to haul to market; 40 horses 
were required to move them, 10 four- 
horse teams. Live hogs are selling at 
$6.25. With corn at . 70 cents it looks 
like a losing proposition. There is 
scarcely any change in price of cattle and 
horses; probably a downward tendency in 
common cows. Hay is plenty but cannot 
be mowed just now. Wheat $1.32; corn 
70; oats 50; potatoes $1; butter 20 to 
23 for country butter; eggs 13, which is 
another bad proposition. The prospects 
for the wheat crop are good with all this 
snow and rain. a. m. r. 
Fairbury, Neb. 
March 15. Cows are bringing at auc¬ 
tion, anywhere from $65 to $00. Butter 
at creamery one-half cent above high¬ 
est quotation in New York. Potatoes 
30 cents per bushel; eggs 18 cents per 
dozen. F. m. C. 
.Summit, N. Y. 
Grade heifers with second and third 
calf bring from $75 to $125. Corn re¬ 
tail, 80; wheat $1.50; rye $1; potatoes 
$1. Asparagus, wholesale, 20 cents a 
bunch: strawberries 10 cents a quart; 
rhubarb 50 to 75 cents a dozen; five 
stalks in a bunch. Best hay $23. 
New Vernon, N. J. j. l. \v. 
March 17. Some of the prevailing 
prices in this community at this time 
are: Dressed hogs, weighing 150 to 225 
pounds, $0.50 per cwt.; fat cows $6; 
fresh milch cows $60 to $100; Timothy 
hay $14 to $15 per ton; Timothy and 
clover mixed (good) $14 to $15; corn 
85; oats 60; wheat $1.50; butter 40 to 
45. Milk consigned to Philadelphia and 
Trenton 51.5 to 4 cents per quart, net. 
Potatoes (very dull) 50 cents per bushel. 
Wycombe, Pa. w. a. t. 
‘ You are accused of stealing three 
chickens. Do you plead guilty or not 
guilty?” “Not guilty, sir! Any man 
who calls them old hens chickens ain’t ac¬ 
quainted with the truth !”—Melbourne 
Australasian. 
depends 60% on your dairy methods, 40% on 
your equipment, in New York State. 
LISK 
Sanitary Hooded 
DAIRY PAIL 
Counts 5 points or 12^% 
of j our equipment score. 
Bulletin 326, Agricultural Experiment Station, 
Geneva. N. Y., says:—“More than half t ,lie infec¬ 
tion milk receives during milking can be pre¬ 
vented by the use of a covered ('hooded) pail. 
Such a pail is inexpensive, durable, easily 
cleaned.” 
Hand mad* from 1XX and IXXXX Fineat 
Charcoal Plate. One piece retinned top or 
hood. Steel bail. Reinforced Ears. All 
seams sanitary soldered, inside and out. No 
loose parts. No seams to collect germs. 
Opening 8% x 5 M inches. 
Easy to milk into as an open pail. Thoroughly 
practical. Size, shape and weight based on ex¬ 
periment station recommendations. The stand¬ 
ard pail. Used by leading dairies. 
LISK Dairy Pail Supports add to convenience 
and sanitation in milking. Can be used on any 
pail as shown in use oil our Hooded Pattern. 
Ask your dealer to show you our full line of dairy 
utensils. Write us his name if he is not yet hand¬ 
ling them. We will see you are supplied. 
The LISK MFC. CO., Ltd. 
Canandaigua New York 
EDICIinC here is the New Gal- 
rniCnUO'loway Sanitary 
Cream Separator! Its clean 
skimming, i is perfect mechani¬ 
cal design, its smooth oval, sani¬ 
tary surfaces and years of built- 
in satisfactory Bervice are winning 
ua customers by the thousands. It 
is made so stood in 
our factor- 
i ies that 1 
! will send it 
anywhere In the U. 
I S. without an ex- 
f pert to act it up, to 
any inexperienced us- 
for a 90-day test 
lirainst any make or 
lcind that sells for 
, even twice 
as much 
and lot 
you be the 
judge. It's the most modern, 
the most sanitary, the most scion* 
tific, the cleanest skimmer, the 
most beautiful in design of any 
cream separator on the market to¬ 
day and I have scon them ail. Get 
my new 1916 pricc-reducinjf, slid¬ 
ing-scale proposition before you 
buy a cream separator of any 
make or kind at any price. Just 
| drop me a postal today. Address 
WM. GALLOWAY COMPANY 
■ Box Waterloo, la. 
Shipped from Chicago, Wat¬ 
erloo, Kansas City, Council 
BlulTs or Minneapolis. 
TRAVEL 
20.000 MILES 
Look over ev¬ 
ery factory in 
the U.S. and 
all the for- 
S ou won't 
n d its 
■ u perior. 
Built from 
finest ma¬ 
terial on 
automa t i c 
machinery, 
by skilled 
workmen, 
in tremen¬ 
dous quan¬ 
tities. 
Have you seen long furrows of 
burnt and stunted grain —where 
tractor wheels have packed the 
soil? That is only one reason why 
the Caterpillar, with its endless 
brack, is steadily superseding the 
old round-wheel tractor. Built for 
over 10 years—2,000 in use. 
The Caterpillar track has 24 square feet 
of bearing surface — 8 times that of a 
round-wheel. Less soil pressure than a 
180-pound man wearing a number 8 
shoe. Won’t pack the soil, won’t slip, 
won’t mire. Wears thousands of miles. 
<a 
R*g U 8 Pat Oft 
Don't say Caterpillar 
unless you mean Holt! 
Writ, for Cal A.I. I»8, and 
upkeep data. 
The Holt Mfg. Co. 
linear pavated) 
Peona, 111. Stocktoa, CaL 
SO Church Street, N. Y. 
Salyfood Stock Molasses 
best and Cheapest Stock Food. $G a barrel. Write 
for delivered prices in large lots. 
The J. J. Garvey Co., 653 BeaverSt., New York 
MOLASSES for stocky o^no” 
THE MOORE BROS., - ALBANY, N. V 
When 
you write 
advertisers 
mention 
The R. 
N.-Y. and 
youil 
get 
a quick 
reply and a “square 
deal.” 
See 
guaran- 
tee editorial page. 
: 
• 
: : 
PORTER 
Perfect Barn Equipment 
THREE FUNDAMENTALS 
Are absolutely essential in a modern bam 
Convenient Arrangement 
Sanitary Conditions 
Labor Saving Equipment 
Accomplish ALL of these by installing 
The World’s Standard Line 
Our barn planning experience is at 
your service, FREE. Write, stating 
your requirements, and ask for catalogue 
J- E. PORTER COMPANY 
634Fremont St. Ottawa, 111. 
Buy Roofing Now 
While Prices Are Down 
You’ll need roofing before long. Buy 
now and save big money even if you are 
not yet ready to lay it. Don’t wait until 
it’s too late to protect your buildings 
against lightning, fire and all the ele¬ 
ments. 75% of roof fires are caused by 
lightning. 
Kanneberg 
Metal Shingles 
"We pay the freight " 
tfve the best protection against lightning. Then 
these shingles are heat and cold prool. They won’t 
rust, crack, curl, rot, buckle nor tail off. 
You can put them on quicker than wood shingles 
anti they always look well. We make them of 
heavy steel, painted or heavily galvanized. They 
come single, 8 on sheet or in clusters 2 ft. by 
any length from 5 to 10 ft. 
Send for nnv catalog; and get our low fac- 
tory prices. Catalog shows all sizes and n 
styles of this rooting, the cheapest when e* o nn fi 
service is considered. W« pay freight. ,♦ nuu " 
Write for Catalog now and be 
sure to give dimensions of roof. ♦ 
Kanneberg Roofing 
& Ceiling Co. 
Est. im 
1579 Douglas 8treet 
Canton, 0. 
Cailin 
15/9 DO 
Si, Cant 
e* Send catalog al 
/ Name. 
/ 
Addres#. 
