561 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
Forms of Lime.—The R. N.-Y. is per¬ 
fectly right on this subject. It is mainly 
a matter of cost as to which one shall 
use, ground limestone or burnt lime, and 
where the farmer has to freight both for 
some distance, and haul it some distance 
from the station, the limestone rapidly be¬ 
comes the most costly, since double the 
amount must be used to have the same 
effect. The advocates of ground limestone 
tell us that the fineness does not matter, 
for coarsely ground limestone will last 
longer. True, it will, for I remember an 
old field in Northern Maryland, where the 
peculiar white limestone rocks disinte¬ 
grate on the surface and the stone scat¬ 
ters the white crystals ail around. That 
field had plenty of these limestone crys¬ 
tals scattered over it, and yet the soil 
became so acid that Red clover refused to 
grow. But when some of that same rock 
was burned and spread on the land that 
field made as fine clover as ever grew. A 
farmer in North Carolina wrote to me: 
“I can buy the ground limestone in Vir¬ 
ginia for $1 a ton. but when delivered at 
my station it costs $4.50 a ton. I can get 
lump lime delivered for $0.50 a ton. 
Which is the cheaper?” It took me but a 
few words to show him that the burnt 
lime was considerably cheaper. Down 
here we have lands near the bay full of 
old oyster shells which have been there 
for untold generations, and yet these 
lands are benefited by burnt lime. Prob¬ 
ably if the shells were ground fine as pow¬ 
der they would answer the purpose, for, 
as you say, it is the fineness of the pul¬ 
verizing that gives it its effect. 
Phosphoric Acid. —The present scar¬ 
city of potash salts is going to make a 
revelation to many farmers on strong clay 
soils. Most of such soils abound in an 
inexhaustible supply of potash in an in¬ 
soluble silicate, especially where such 
soils are the result of the disintegration 
of granite rock, as in most of the South 
Atlantic uplands, and where the farmer 
practices a good rotation of crops, grows 
legumes abundantly and feeds them as a 
rule, and returns the manure to the land, 
and limes about once in five years, he 
will find that the potash will be released 
as fast as most farm crops need it. And 
he will get the nitrogen he needs from the 
legumes and their use, and will really 
(»nly need to buy and use acid phosphate 
or some other carrier of phosphorus. An 
old friend, now dead, who was an enthu¬ 
siastic farmer to his eighty-fifth year, 
wrote me just before his death: “On my 
farm, where under our old-time methods 
the wheat crop was from 10 to 15 bushels 
an acre, for the last 20 years I have made 
an average of 40 bushels of wheat, and in 
that time have used no commercial fertil¬ 
izer but plain acid phosphate.” 
Stripping Corn Fodder. —Mr. Wake- 
man well describes (page 430) the com¬ 
mon method of treating corn in Southern 
Maryland, and to a great extent on this 
side of the bay, too. And yet it is hard 
to convince the farmers who strip the 
blades and cut the tops while still green, 
that while they get some good feed in this 
way the corn crop is diminished thereby 
as much as the fodder saved is worth. 
The practice has grown out of the gen¬ 
eral lack of making hay, and the farmers 
depending entirely on the fodder for their 
roughage. Fodder saved in this way is 
certainly better feed than the cut down 
stover at a later period of maturity, but 
it costs too much. It is rather odd, too, 
to find one in this latitude advising the 
growing of flint corn. The flints will do 
for the New England farmers, but here 
and southward the dent varieties are far 
better, even if they do make big stalks. 
Privets. —All around me there are 
hedges of the California privet. I have a 
hedge of the Ainoor River privet. My 
neighbor’s hedges are all leafless, while 
mine is still perfectly green, and has 
been so all Winter. People passing stop 
and ask how I kept the leaves on, and I 
have to explain that it is the variety 
grown. I do not know how this privet 
"ill compare in hardiness with the Cali¬ 
fornia, but it is certainly better here. 
I hen, too, nearly everyone prunes his 
hedge perpendicular and flat on top like 
a green wall, and the result is that the 
hedge gets thin below and ugly and top- 
heavy looking. I prune mine in a round¬ 
ed, conical form, thus exposing the sides 
to the sun, and my hedge is thick to the 
ground. The perpendicular and flat- 
topped hedges are unnatural, for nature 
makes no square corners, and I prefer the 
more natural form. I had in North Car¬ 
olina a large-leaved privet which I had 
determined to be Ligustrum lucidum. It 
was as evergreen as a holly. I sent some 
plants of it to the Meehan Nursery, in 
Philadelphia, and they report it barely 
hardy there in sheltered places. Prof. 
Sargent says that it is not L. lucidum, but 
•Taponicum. I have seen large plants la¬ 
belled L. .Taponicum in the Botanic Gar¬ 
den. in Washington, but it differs in some 
respects from my plant, and I still stick 
to L. lucidum. The .Taponicum seems per¬ 
fectly hardy and evergreen in Washington 
and may be farther north. At any rate, 
where these evergreen sorts are hardy it 
would be well to use them for hedges in¬ 
stead of the California, which loses its 
leaves in Winter. 
English Walnuts On Black Wal¬ 
nut.— Many years ago I knew a tree in 
Talbot County, Maryland, of Black wal¬ 
nut, the entire top of which had been cut 
out and grafted with English walnut. 
The Black walnut stem was about 10 feet 
high, and it had made a beautiful head, 
but it looked as though the head was get¬ 
ting too heavy for the trunk, and that it 
might finally blow off. The tree stood 
only a few feet from the dwelling, which 
was burnt down, and the tree destroyed 
by the fire, so that the ultimate destiny of 
the tree could not be ascertained. If I 
was working English walnuts on Black 
walnut I would bud them on seedlings 
near the ground, and would not risk a tall 
stem of the Black walnut top-worked. 
Maryland. w. F. MASSEY. 
Savoy Cabbage. 
I think comment in The R. N.-Y. about 
Savoy cabbage would attract attention 
to a plant very useful to poultrymen, de¬ 
licious for anyone, and it seems, little 
grown. I have only grown it two years, 
but am told that my experience is char¬ 
acteristic. Both years it has kept splen¬ 
didly, much better than Danish Ball-head 
recommended as the best keeper among 
the green cabbages, and in the early 
Spring furnishes unexcelled green feed 
to chicks that do not see green grass. 
Conn. FRANCIS F. LINCOLN. 
Destroy the Worm’s Nest. 
Now is the time to remove nests of the 
tent caterpillar from fruit trees, hedge¬ 
rows and other infested places. The 
nests can be seen as shiny steel gray ob¬ 
jects. encircling the twigs. They are 
easily peeled off, and every one destroyed 
does away with 100 or more worms. In 
some sections prizes are given to school 
children who gather large numbers of 
these nests. A little time spent now will 
clear out 50 per cent, more of the pests 
than later, when the worms are crawling 
about. Wild cherry trees need close ex¬ 
amination, and any not needed for shade 
might well be cut down. 
Early Sweet Corn. —I saw an in¬ 
quiry for a way to raise early sweet corn. 
If your inquirer will take inverted sods, 
cut in pieces three inches square, and 
place them in a hotbed, planting a hill 
in each sod, his problem will be solved. 
It should be transplanted in the open 
ground when the ground gets warm. 
Corn so treated can be transplanted with¬ 
out losing a hill. There may be other 
ways of raising early corn, but I think 
my way is the best. h. b. 
Howells, N. Y. 
STATEMENT OF THE OWNERSHIP, MANAGE¬ 
MENT, CIRCULATION, Etc., required by 
the Act of August 24, 1912, of THE RU¬ 
RAL NEW-YORKER, published weekly at 
New York, N. Y., for April 1, 1915. 
Editor: Herbert W. CoUingwood, Woodcliff Lake, 
Managing Editor: Herbert W. Collingwood, 
Woodcliff Lake. N. J. 
Business Manager: John J. Dillon, 903 West End 
Avenue, New York. 
Publisher: The Rural Publishing Company, 333 
West 30th Street, New York. 
Owners: The Rural Publishing Company, 333 
West 30th Street. New York. 
John J. Dillon, 903 West End! Avenue, 
New York. 
Wm. F. Dillon, 3075 Broadway, New 
York. 
Herbert W. Collingwood, Woodcliff 
Lake, N. J. 
There are no bondholders, mortgagees, or other 
security holders. 
(Signed) JOHN J. DILLON, Business Manager. 
Sworn to and subscribed before me this 22d dav 
of March, 1915. 
(Seal) JAMES W. PATTERSON, 
Commissioner of Deeds. 
My commission expires April 15. 1915. 
WAGONS BUGGIES HARNESS 
AMPLE PROOF THAT IT 
DOES—AND IS DOING 
—ITS WORK 
My father purchased our Stude- 
baker before I was born. Just a 
short time ago I hauled 3,000 pounda |>r 
of coaj on this wagon, so you can —--J - j|l 
judge it is some wagon yet, for an II V ' 
old one. 
d.V“ e Jhln°elt1'„\tdl t ". 8 r r!r Hauls 3000 pounds 
of weather up to eight or'ni ne years of COal 011 40 yCaT oM 
ago, when 1 commenced keeping it p. if f 
undercover. otudebaker 
Charles Stratton. 
Andover, Ohio /CHARLES STRATTON, 
iiuilllllllilliiilllliiiiiiiiiliiiiiiiiiiiiiiililllllliiiiiiiiiiililliiiiiii I r A 1 • 
or Andover, (Jhio, is using, 
every day, a Studebaker Farm Wagon that was bought before 
he was born—40 years ago or more. 
The fact that he can haul a ton and a half of coal on 
the old wagon indicates that it is still paying returns on the 
original investment. 
Why Studebaker Wagons Last 
It is the way Studebaker Wagons are 
built — and the fine material used — that 
makes them last so long. 
_ Carefully selected, air dried lumber, 
tested steel, analyzed paint and varnish, 
skilled workmanship and the experience of 
sixty-three years all go to make a Stude¬ 
baker Wagon last a lifetime. 
No other wagon lasts as long, or gives 
as much service as a Studebaker — and 
this isn’t a "claim," it can be proved. We 
have records of hundreds of wagons forty 
years old and over. 
Divide the cost of your wagon by the 
number of years’ service it gives you and 
you will find that a Studebaker is the 
cheapest wagon on earth. 
Ask your dealer to show you the 
proofs he has of Studebaker Wagons last¬ 
ing forty years and more. 
Studebaker Buggies and Harness give 
equally good service. 
STUDEBAKER, South Bend, Ind. 
NEW YORK 
MINNEAPOLIS 
CHICAGO DALLAS KANSAS CITY DENVER 
SALT LAKE CITY SAN FRANCISCO PORTLAND. ORE. 
Adv. 2036 
Studebakers last a lifetime 
' ' ' * * , --I . ' , 
f ' 
111 1^81 1 
— wmmm 
| 
I 
Roofing Books Sent Free 
They will tell you how you can have attractive, perma¬ 
nent, repair-proof roofs. They prove the economy of 
RlfclUMlD 
COSTS MORE - WEARS LONGER 
“Roofing a Home” illustrates ar¬ 
tistic effects secured with Colored Ru- 
ber-oid (Ka-lor-oid), the beautiful 
never-fading Tile Red and Copper 
Green Roofing that has all the enduring 
qualities of the gray Ru-ber-oid. 
“Building a Barn” and “Building 
a Poultry House” contain valuable 
plans for different types of buildings 
and tell how to cover them with Ru- 
Bi..'v-oid, the wear-proof roofing that 
contains no tar, sand, or asphalt. 
“Building a Bungalow” tells 
what to do and how to avoid costly 
mistakes in construction. 
Ru-ber-oid was the first smooth¬ 
surfaced, ready-to-lay roofing. Ru- 
ber-oid roofs laid more than 20 years 
ago are still watertight. 
Look for the “Ru-ber-oid Man,” 
shown above, on each roll of the 
genuine. The U. S. Court of Appeals 
has recently enjoined imitators from 
using the word “Rubberoid or any 
similar name as the trade name or 
brand ” of their roofing. Reliable re¬ 
tailers sell Ru-ber-oid, the roofing of 
proved durabilty. w 
I 
Building Book Coupon 
Choose the book that you prefer, | The Standard Paint Co.. 575, Woolworth Bldg., N.Y.CIty 
and mail the coupon HOW. J Send me samples of Ru-bek-ojd and the books opposite 
THE STANDARD PAINT CO. I which I mark X. Iintend to roof a- 
NEW YORK and CHICAGO I CRooflng a Home □Building Your Own Garage 
Also makers of Ru-ber-oid Shineies, Amiwud Wall “ DBuildinga Poultry House QCovering Yoor Factory 
Botrd and Impervite Waterproofing for Concrete I □Building a Bungalow □Artistic Roots 
TheParafflnePalntCo.,SanFranclsco(UnderLlcense) J GBuilding a Barn 11 a dealer, check hereQ 
The Standard Paint Co. of Canada, limited, Montreal I 
■ Name. 
