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May 29, 1915. 
THE RURAL 
Live Stock and Dairy 
Managing Purebred Holsteins. 
Kipling wrote: “The only way to pre¬ 
vent what’s past is to put a stop to it be¬ 
fore it happens.” 
This. I think, applies to purebred dairy 
farming more than any other business, as 
there are scores of losses that can he pre¬ 
vented if cows and their calves are prop¬ 
erly treated and cared for. 
The conditioning of the cow before 
calving is important. If possible, she 
should be dried off at least four months 
before freshening if a record is to be 
striven for, as most of the conditioning 
must be done prior to two months before 
freshening. Experience has shown that a 
large portion of the nourishment taken 
by the cow during the two months pre¬ 
vious to calving goes toward the develop¬ 
ment and growth of the calf and in many 
cases the mother will grow poorer in 
flesh at this time taking the same amount 
of grain that she consumed when she was 
laying on fat by the pounds earlier in the 
period. I do not confine this practice 
alone to cows to he put in test as any cow 
put in good condition will produce as 
much milk and butter in eight months as 
she would in ten months if allowed to 
freshen in poor condition. An excellent 
conditioning ration is equal parts of oil 
meal, ground oats, hominy and bran with 
a little of molasses. 
About a week before freshening the 
conditioning ration should be diminished 
by degrees to permit the digestive system 
to rest during calving as the circulatory 
and reproductive systems are working 
overtime at this period. It is good prac¬ 
tice to give the cow two pounds of Epsom 
salts a few hours before she calves to 
clear the system for future work, besides 
promoting circulation, wliichis very necesl 
sary for a good healthy birth. If the 
stable is somewhat chilly it is a good idea 
to blanket the cow immediately after 
calving thereby saving a case of retained 
afterbirth. By feeding the above ration, 
giving a dose of salts and blanketing as 
stated, a case of retained afterbirth is 
next to ail impossibility. If through neg¬ 
ligence or premature birth a cow has re¬ 
tained her afterbirth I have found, after 
• experience in removing it myself, also hav¬ 
ing expert veterinarians do the same that 
this method of treating has been unsatis¬ 
factory as invariably there would be some 
part remaining or a torn cotyledon, which 
is worse than the disease. 
My practice of late has been to give a 
douche daily of a tablespoonful of per¬ 
manganate of potash in' two quarts of 
luke-warm water and invariably the after¬ 
birth will come away in a few days with 
no odor at any time. By this method the 
usefulness of the cow is very little im¬ 
paired. 
Milk fever is a trouble that can be pre¬ 
vented in most cases by light feeding 
around calving, also milking a small 
amount from the cow and often ; in fact, 
keep the udder distended, as the collapse 
of the tissues of the udder thereby shut¬ 
ting off the circulation of blood and driv¬ 
ing it to the other parts of the body, es¬ 
pecially the brain, is the cause of milk 
fever. 
Abnormal birth is a situation that can 
be remedied in a majority of cases by the 
cattle attendant if done properly. Never 
try to rearrange the position of a calf 
when the cow is in a lying position as 
usually it is wedged between the pelvic 
bones. In whatever position the calf may 
he it should be pushed back where there 
will be plenty of room to turn it, and 
straighten the head or feet as occasion de¬ 
mands. If the calf is hind feet first do 
not turn it but be sure to keep the tail 
close to the body so it will not catch on 
anything, and have as speedy a birth as 
possible, as I once lost a calf by strangu¬ 
lation caused by delay. 
Caring for the young calves is a very 
important feature in successful stock- 
raising. It is well to allow the calves to 
go without nourishment for twelve hours 
after birth or until such times as they will 
drink out of a pail by inserting the lin¬ 
gers in the mouth. Start them on three 
pounds of milk from the mother, feeding 
this amount three times daily for two 
days; then increase to four pounds three 
times daily until calves are two weeks of 
age. It is well then to add some warm 
water and keep grain before them. Of 
course more milk can be fed in place of 
water if desired. 
Scours in young calves can usually be 
cured by giving two tablespoonfuls of 
castor oil in a small quantity of milk and 
do not feed much until the trouble is 
gone. I am referring to the common 
scours, but the navel scours or umbilical 
septicaemia is quite different and is sure 
death. This is an affliction of the intes¬ 
tines caused by an infection through the 
navel and usually attacks the calf in 
about .*10 hours after birth. The calf will 
act as though dead and scour to some ex¬ 
tent. An astringent may be given to 
check the scours, but the germ will go to 
the lungs causing death from pneumonia 
in a few days or it may go to the joints 
causing inflammation which will termin¬ 
ate in stiff and enlarged hocks and knees, 
and death. To “put a stop to this before 
it happens,” thoroughly rinse the navel 
string, in fact, wash the belly in the 
neighborhood of the navel with iodine and 
securely tie the navel close to the belly 
with a strong tape, keeping it on at least 
seven days. Then wash again with 
iodine. If I had known a few years ago 
that these germs were lurking about the 
stable I could have saved a few very valu¬ 
able calves by prevention. 
I had another experience which took 
several calves before I discovered what 
was the matter. A calf died in pasture 
apparently of tuberculosis, and I buried 
it as soon as possible, but in a day or two 
another died of the same thing which 
caused some discouraging thoughts, but 
this calf I opened and found the lungs in¬ 
fested with small white worms. I imme¬ 
diately called a State veterinarian and 
we tried several remedies, one of which 
proved effective and saved the remaining 
calves, some of which were lying on the 
ground gasping for breath. This trouble 
was “verminous bronchitis,” and the rem¬ 
edy used by us was 75 per cent turpen¬ 
tine and 25 per cent sweet oil injected 
with a hypodermic syringe in the trachea 
pointed down toward the lungs, care 
should be taken to insert the needle be¬ 
tween the cartilaginous rings. 
I have described some of the most im¬ 
portant difficulties and how I overcame 
them, still there are many little points 
arising daily that require thought, study 
and much common sense with a lot of 
care. I have found that the free use of 
disinfectants around the premises, also 
using oil meal generously in all rations 
whether to young stock or old eliminates 
the veterinarian to a great extent, thus 
proving “the only way to prevent what’s 
past is to put a stop to it before it hap¬ 
pens.” s. B. JACKSON. 
Guernsey Breeders Meet. 
The annual meeting of the American 
Guernsey Cattle Club was held in New 
York City, May 12. In spite of foot-and- 
mouth disease and the decline of the im¬ 
porting business the year’s work shows a 
gain except in the number of transfers. 
During the past year 11,07(5 animals were 
registered though the number of import¬ 
ed cattle registered was less than half 
that of the previous year. This is a gain 
of 14 per cent, in the total registration 
of the breed. There were 5S2 more en¬ 
tries for bulls and 710 more entries for 
cows than the previous year. Transfers 
were OO.'IG as compared with 9871 a year 
ago. and 8,142 the year before. 
Fifty-two members have joined the 
Club while 15 deaths and one resignation 
have taken place. There are now 427 
active members. There has been an in¬ 
crease in the gross revenue of the office 
business of $8,007.79. 
The growth of the Advanced Register 
has been most encouraging. In the last 
five years the number of breeders doing 
Advanced Register work has increased 
from 93 to 243 and the number of cows 
on test from 554 to nearly 1,200. 859 
certificates for completed records were 
written last year. The average yield for 
the breed has increased 150 pounds of 
milk and eight pounds of butterfat. 
3,770 records giving the present average 
of 8,073.73 pounds of milk and 433.91 
pounds of butterfat, with an average test 
of 5.003 per cent. Ninety-three bulls 
have been added to the list of Advanced 
Register sires which now totals 566. 
Sixty-seven of these bulls were sons of 
bulls already in the list. 579 cows have 
been added to the list of Great Produc¬ 
ing Dams, which are’ those cows which 
have two or more Advanced Register pro¬ 
geny. 
Officers elected were: President, James 
NEW-YORKEK 
Eogan Fisher, Philadelphia, Pa.; vice- 
presidents. lion. \Y. I). Hoard, Ft. At¬ 
kinson, Wis., and E. R. Andrews, Put¬ 
ney. Yt.; secretary and treasurer, Wm. 
II. Caldwell, Peterboro, N. II.; members 
of Executive Committee for ensuing four 
years, F. G. Benliam. Canandaigua, N. 
Y., W. W. Marsh, Waterloo, Iowa. 
A One-handed Milker. 
Will it dry up a cow if milked by a man 
with one hand, provided he takes his time 
and gets all her milk? H. B. w. 
New Hampshire. 
No—not if he milks clean. We had a 
neighbor with but one hand. He milked 
regularly, and the cows kept up their 
yield. There might be some falling off at 
first if the one-handed man followed a 
rapid two-handed milker, but the cow 
would respond as she was used to the 
change. 
The Bloomington, Illinois, Dairymen’s 
Associatio was organized mainly for an 
immediate object of better conditions re¬ 
garding the use and loss of milk bottles 
in the city. There was no concerted 
action of any kind, and it was quite dif¬ 
ficult to keep bottles from being careless¬ 
ly disposed of. Smaller milk dealers im¬ 
posed on the larger ones by using their 
bottles, which worked a hardship on the 
larger men. A milk bottle exchange 
among the dealers, and a uniform system 
of deposits for bottles taken by the con¬ 
sumers wai put in effect, and is working 
out nicely. Other matters along educa¬ 
tional lilies, better conditions and more 
friendly spirit among the dealers are de¬ 
veloping. and we all feel that the associa¬ 
tion will be a very good thing for all 
concerned. ciias. h. snow. 
Now is the time to breed the sows for 
September pigs. The difference between 
a scrub and good sire is the difference 
between profit and loss in the Fall crop 
of pigs. Many farmers cannot economic¬ 
ally keep a litter over Winter and this 
is particularly true of a bunch of pigs 
which are slow to mature and do not 
use feed to best advantage. One farmer 
gives his experience: “I have two sows, 
one a high grade O. I. C. and another 
a scrub with considerable Chester White 
blood. I have observed litters from these 
two sows. I bred the scrub to a high- 
grade O. I. C. boar, and I bred the high- 
grade sow to a nondescript boar. I did 
the latter because I was misled. The 
owner of the boar had much to say about 
his breeding, and I sort of overlooked his 
rough appearance, believing it was due 
to lack of care. The two litters came 
about the same time. I kept them over 
Winter. Considering the chance the lit¬ 
ter from the good boar is a remarkable 
one, while that one from the good sow and 
the nondescript, from the viewpoint of 
profitable feeding, is a despicable bunch. 
I do not believe the pigs from the scrub 
sire are half the weight of the good ones. 
They are uneven, part of the litter were 
black and part white. There has been 
little or no profit for me in my methods 
of feeding the good litter, but the poor 
litter has been an absolute loss. Had I 
have gone 20 miles to a good boar I 
would have made money. I have been 
a long time learning my lesson, but the 
best sire is none too good, and this in¬ 
formation has cost me a lot of money 
and hard work.” w. J. 
Bottle-Fed Lambs. —We have been 
raising lambs on a bottle for three years 
now, and find instead of using molasses 
a little cream added is better, beginning 
with the one tablespoonful of water and 
the same of milk. MRS. M. G. fuli.en. 
Masacliusetts. 
Soy Bean Forage. —On page 602 H. 
C. A. asks about Soy bean for forage, I 
have been sowing this for 12 years, and 
feeding with good result. I feed no other 
forage but that; there is nothing you 
can sow that will make as much feed. 
All the grain I feed with it is corn. I 
sow them with a grain drill. The seed 
can be bought for $1.85 per bushel now; 
can be bought in Fall for as low as $1.25. 
Virginia. d. w. n. 
fronted 
NO MIXING 10 BOTHER 
At last the dairyman can get the feed he has 
long wanted—a Ready Ration—to be used 
right out of the sack without any mixing or 
bother—made of honest ingredients that are 
just right, without any adulterants, fillers or 
other rubbish. 
is compounded to produce results—it is made 
of choice cottonseed meal, dried beet pulp, 
gluten feed, corn distillers’ grains, wheat bran, 
wheat middlings and a little salt—that’s all. 
Properly blended, thoroughly mixed to pro¬ 
duce lots of milk—good milk and keep your 
cows healthy. Sold on a plan of money back 
if you are not satisfied. LARRO agents almost ev¬ 
erywhere. Write us if none near you. (43) 
The Larrowe Milling Co. 643 Gillespie bm 9 ., Detroit, Mich. 
KRESO Dl P N?1 
STANDARDIZED. 
EASY AND SAFE TO USE 
INEXPENSIVE 
KILLS LICE 
ON ALL LIVE STOCK 
DISINFECTS. 
CLEANSES. 
_PURIFIES. 
It has so many uses that It la 
a necessity on every farm. 
USED IN THE TREATMENT OF MANGE, 
SCAB, RINCWORM, SCRATCHES, ETC. 
Destroys Disease Germs 
DRIVES AWAY FLIES 
For Sale by All Druggists 
Write for Free Booklets 
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DEPARTMENT OF ANIMAL INDUSTRY 
DETROIT, - - MICHIGAN 
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MANY USEFUL 
HOUSEHOLD 
ARTICLES 
are listed in our Re¬ 
ward List, and are 
given in return for 
securing subscriptions 
to The Rural New- 
Yorker. 
Send for our New 
List to 
Department “M” 
The Rural New-Yorker 
333 West 30th St., New York City 
The Reward (Embroidery Stamping 
Outfit) came yesterday, and it is very 
much better than I expected. Thank 
you very much indeed. Respt., 
Baldwinsville, Mass. MRS. L. S. F. 
Have received your valuable premium 
of bed set and curtain and like them 
very much. Please accept my thanks for 
same. HARRY JOHNSON. 
Brooklyn, N. Y. 
