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IJrifcC KUKAL NEW-YOKKEK 
Juue 5, 1915. 
Live Stock Feeding Problems 
Tonics for Hogs. 
We have often advised our readers to 
keep ashes, bone and charcoal before the 
hogs when at pasture. This seems to be 
specially needed when the hogs are in an 
orchard. It is sometimes desirable to 
give something besides the ashes. Dr. 
It. II. Williams suggests the following: 
Charcoal .8 pounds. 
Air-slacked lime.8 pounds. 
Common salt.6 pounds. 
Hardwood ashes.8 pounds. 
Powdered sulphur ... .4 pounds. 
Powdered blue stone. .2 pounds. 
These should be thoroughly mixed and 
kept in stock so that a small supply may 
be before the hogs at all times. A low 
box makes a useful container. 
We have known of cases where these 
things were made into a “lick ball.” This 
was made of clay and kept under a shed 
where the stock could come and lick it at 
will. While these “tonics” will help keep 
the hogs thrifty, let no farmer imagine 
that this- will prevent or cure hog cholera, 
for it will do nothing of the sort. 
Dairy Ration ; Strengthening Milker’s Arm. 
1. Will you give me a balanced ration 
for a 1.000-pound cow giving 35 pounds 
of milk per day, testing about 5 per cent. 
Cow is on grass. At present I am feed¬ 
ing 100 pounds Ajax flakes. 50 pounds oil 
meal. 100 pounds middlings, giving the 
cow one pound of grain to three pounds 
or four pounds of milk. 2. Can you tell 
me how to strengthen the wrist and fore¬ 
arm muscles used in milking? L. c. M. 
Ohio. 
1. The ration you are feeding is too ex¬ 
pensive, and cows on grass at this season 
of the year do not require oil meal. I 
would suggest that you change to the fol¬ 
lowing ration : Six pounds Ajax flakes, 
three pounds gluten feed, two pounds 
cornmeal. This will result in a consid¬ 
erable saving in the cost of feed and pro¬ 
duce a better flow of milk, besides keep¬ 
ing your cows in better condition. 
2. To strengthen the wrist and forearm 
muscles used in milking a person should 
milk regularly as many cows as possible 
without becoming too tired and exhausted. 
To become a first-class milker a person 
should begin while quite young and prac¬ 
tice right along; every day increasing the 
number of cows milked as the strength of 
the milker develops. This is a case where 
“practice makes perfect,” and advice is 
but very little assistance. However, if 
the muscles get crampy and painful a 
very good remedy can be made by mixing 
iodine and spirits of peppermint in equal 
parts and apply once daily. c. s. G. 
Ration for Family Cow. 
I would like your opinion on ration we 
are feeding our family cow. She is five 
years old. dropped her third calf March 
in. When we got her in October, 1912, 
she was small and thin and had never had 
grain, had been milking since .Tune, and 
was giving eight or nine pounds a day. 
We gave her some grain and continued 
milking until November, 1913; calved in 
January, 1914, and gave about 24 pounds 
daily all Summer. Since her last calf she 
gives about 40 pounds daily and we have 
been feeding four quarts wheat bran, one 
quart cornmeal, one quart linseed meal, 
one quart ground oats and four quarts 
short cut Alfalfa morning and night, 
mixed hay and corn fodder for roughage. 
Our neighbors tells us we shall spoil her 
by overfeeding. c. A. J. 
Massachusetts. 
This grain ration which you are feeding 
is very good, and while it figures up 
about 16 pounds a day (exclusive of the 
Alfalfa) it does not appear to be too 
much for the cow which you are feeding, 
providing she eats her ration up clean at 
each feeding time and remains vigorous 
and healthy. A very good rule to follow 
in feeding is one pound of grain to every 
three pounds of milk a cow gives in a day. 
While this is not an infallible rule, and 
must be varied to suit individual cases, it 
should be kept in mind when feeding, so 
that if a ration is found to vary to any 
great extent the cause may be determined 
and the remedy applied. Usually it takes 
a little more grain in proportion to the 
milk produced by cows giving a small flow 
than it does for cows giving a large 
flow. This is caused largely by the fact 
that a part of the ration is used by the 
cow for maintenance regardless of the 
amount of milk given. C. S. G. 
Cows Bloating. 
Last year I put up a silo which holds 
170 tons. Corn was well matured, mixed 
with 8o.v beans, and have fed about 40 
pounds of silage a day, four quarts of 
dried brewers’ grains, four quarts of 
ground oats, one quart of cottonseed 
meal, hay once a day. Dairy consists of 
grade Holsteins. The cows have given a 
good flow of milk, but have had consider¬ 
able trouble with indigestion ; that is they 
would refuse their grain and bloat. The 
silage was fed twice daily, also the grain. 
Grain was not put on silage. Silage was 
in fine condition. I am thinking of put¬ 
ting up another silo. Would it be safe to 
feed over 40 pounds per day. and is there 
anything about the silage that would 
cause indigestion? f. p. m. 
New York. 
In regard to your cows bloating there 
is no reason to think that this could be 
caused by the grain ration, so it must be 
caused by the silage or by overfeeding. 
Sometimes undesirable ferments develop 
in a silo, especially when another crop is 
mixed with corn, so that while this would 
not be noticeable to the person feeding it 
might cause a slight digestive disturbance 
in the cow. The fact of your corn being 
well matured when put. into the silo leads 
me to think that perhaps it was too dry, 
and therefore with the Soy beans it 
heated up too much. To make the best 
silage the corn should be cut when it has 
just begun to glaze, and put directly into 
the silo without allowing it to dry. Much 
depends upon the manner in which a silo 
is filled. If the corn is cut at the proper 
time and kept well packed down with at 
least two men in the* silo during the pro¬ 
cess of filling, the silage should keep 
perfectly. It would not be safe to feed 
over 40 pounds of silage per day except 
to very large cows. c. s. G. 
Raising Feed at Home. 
The New Jersey Experiment Station is 
making a feeding experiment to compare 
two grain mixtures—one home-grown, the 
other purchased : 
The experiment has been in progress 
for about 20 days, and results at present 
would seem to indicate that the ration 
under experiment will give excellent re¬ 
sults. 
A comparison is being made of the two 
following grain mixtures. The roughage 
feed in each case is 10 pounds of Alfalfa 
and 35 pounds of silage per cow. The 
grain mixtures are made up as follows: 
Home-grown Mixture—400 pounds corn 
and cob meal, 300 pounds cut Alfalfa. 50 
pounds Soy bean meal. 100 pounds feed¬ 
ing molasses. 
Purchased ration—600 pounds corn¬ 
meal. 200 pounds beet pulp. 100 pounds 
gluten feed, 100 pounds bran, 50 pounds 
cottonseed meal. 
The object in view in compounding this 
home-grown ration is to make use of 
home-grown feeds as much as possible. 
The only food in this ration that is pur¬ 
chased is the molasses. The Alfalfa is 
cut on an ordinary silage cutter and 
mixed with the corn and cob meal and 
Soy bean meal. The molasses is then dis¬ 
solved in water and the whole mixture 
moistened with the solution. The cost 
per ton of the purchased ration is $32, 
and the cost per ton of tin* home-grown 
mixture, when we figure these feeds at the 
cost of raising, is $12.80. 
An illustration of the saving that could 
be made by feeding such a ration may be 
afforded by some tangible figures. Four 
hundred and fifty-two cows in the Sussex 
Cow Testing Association in Sussex Coun¬ 
ty. N. J., consumed 1,074,395 pounds of 
grain in one year. The total cost of this 
grain was $16,327.57. Ilad the home¬ 
grown feeds used in this ration under ex¬ 
periment been available to these dairy¬ 
men. the cost of concentrated feed would 
have been $6,876.13 and would represent 
a saving of $9,451.14 for 18 herds in this 
Association. The profit over teed cost for 
the entire Association would have been 
raised from $37,397.18 to $46,848.62 and 
the average profit over feed cost tier cow 
would have been $104.01 instead of 
$83.10. 
Feeding an Orphan Foal. 
Will you advise me how to raise a colt 
on cow's milk? I have a colt, whose 
mother died at his birth. We are trying 
to raise it on cow’s milk, but it does 
not look very promising. In what pro¬ 
portion should we dilute the milk? How 
many ounces to a feeding and how often? 
At what -age increase the food and how 
much of an increase? h. a. s. 
Colorado. 
Choose milk that is poor in butterfat 
but from a fresh cow. Dilute it with 
enough hot water to bring it to blood 
heat (100 deg. Fahr.) after adding an 
ounce of limewater and two teaspoon¬ 
fuls of brown sugar or molasses to the 
pint. At first feed a cupful once an 
hour and gradually increase the amount 
of milk and lessen the number of meals, 
but do not feed less than six times a day. 
Feed from a sterilized nursing bottle 
and rubber nipple. Allow the foal to 
lick oatmeal as soon as it cares to do so. 
and gradually add wheat bran until it 
is taking a mixture of equal parts of 
these feeds. Soon crushed oats can be 
substituted and whole oats may be given 
after five or six months. Sweet skim- 
milk may be gradually substituted for 
new milk after six weeks. Give a dose 
of castor oil in milk and withhold milk 
for 24 hours any time the foal scours. 
Allow grass and a little fine hay. Judge 
amount of feed advisable by the way the 
foal thrives and cleans up its meals. 
a. s. A. 
SEEING 
the Difference 
BETWEEN THE 
AND OTHER 
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IT DOESN’T TAKE AN EXPERT 
knowledge of mechanics or a long 
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ON THE CONTRARY, WITH A 
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the man who never saw a separ¬ 
ator before. 
IF HE WILL THEN TAKE FIVE 
minutes to compare the separat¬ 
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ing parts, particularly those sub¬ 
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occasionally taken apart and put 
together; the manner of oiling, 
and everything which enters into 
the design and construction of a 
separator as a simple durable ma¬ 
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<1 iffri < ncc. 
IF IIE WILL GO A STEP 
farther and turn the cranks of tin- 
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an hour, particularly running milk 
or wate.’ through the bowl, he will 
see still more difference. 
AND IF HE WILL TAKE THE 
two machines home, as every De 
Laval agent will be glad to have 
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in practical use, the De Laval one 
day and the other machine the 
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separator practicability and use¬ 
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THE 
the 
MAN WHO TAKES EVEN 
first step indicated in seeing 
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one time in a thousand. 
THE COMPARATIVELY FEW 
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THE WISE BUYER OF A 
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EVERY DE LAVAL AGENT 
considers it a privilege to show 
the difference between the De 
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to afford every prospective buyer 
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