THE KUKAt, NEW-YORKER 
819 
CONTENTS 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER, June 12, 1915. 
FARM TOPICS. 
Co-operation in Western Canada.797, 798 
When to Begin Haying .799 
How Soils Become Acid .799 
Sweet Clover .799 
Value of Hay Caps .800 
Cabbage Maggot .800 
Treatment for Potato Scab .803 
Hope Farm Notes .806 
Training Farm Labor .806 
Inactive Soil .806 
Grasshopper Pest in Vermont .807 
LIVE STOCK AND DAIRY. 
Pit Silo in the Sand . 
Holstein Friesian Association . 
Uncle Ezra Invests in a Cow. 
Sweet Corn in Silo . 
Value of Milking Machines . 
Oats and Peas for Silage . 
What's the Use of Testing . 
Ohio Plan for Leasing Bulls . 
Skipping a Milking . 
How to Grow Pork Cheaply . 
Likes a Dog . 
Poisoning from Wild Cherry 
A Barn Contrivance; Cats . 
THE HENYARD. 
Finishing Market Poultry . 
Chicks With Diarrhoea; Lice .' 
Lime-Sulphur to Destroy Mites ...... 
Sitting Hens Eat Eggs . 
Gapeworm . ’ 
Enteritis .!.!!!!!!!! 
Feeding Chicks in Large Flocks !!!!!! 
Poor Laying . 
The Egg-laying Contest .!.!!. 
Logwood for Chicks . 
Death of Young Chicks .’. |' 
Chicks Killed by Sand . 
Chicks Pick One Another . 
Loss of Chicks ... 
HORTICULTURE. 
Bees and Orchard Blight . 
Fitting Soil for Strawberries . 
Pickle Worm . 
Forcing Asparagus . 
Garlic Culture . 
Thc^ Chautauqua and Erie Grape Belt. 
Rhubarb from Seed .!.!!!!!!! 
Notes from a Maryland Garden . 
Culture of Onion Sets . 
Growing Clematis and Berberis . 
Rome Beauty Apple in Hudson Valley. 
Blackberries in Sod . 
Spring Laying by Tent Caterpillars’!!! 
.798 
.809 
.812 
.812 
.812 
.812 
.812 
.812 
.814 
.814 
.814 
.814 
.814 
..809 
..816 
-.816 
. .816 
. .816 
..816 
. .816 
..816 
..817 
. .817 
..817 
..817 
..817 
. .817 
.798 
.798 
.800 
.800 
.800 
Part 
.801 
_801 
_803 
.803 
_807 
_807 
_807 
.... 807 
WOMAN AND HOME. 
From Day to Day .810 
Seen in New York Shops.810 
The Rural Patterns .!si0 
Half a Score of Small Economies .810 811 
Canning Strawberries ..’.811 
Embroidery Designs .811 
My Kitchen Work Basket .* *811 
MISCELLANEOUS. 
The School Consolidation Bill .799 
Old Well as Cesspool .802 
Cistern Filter . 802 
Pump Away from Spring .802 
A Deep Well .802 
Names of Streams .802 
Events of the Week .802 
Homemade Vacuum Cleaner .805 
Plastering Stone Wall .805 
Mending Celluloid .805 
Grounding Lightning Rods .805 
Editorial .808 
Grasshoppers in New York .809 
The Farmer Pays .809 
Products, Prices and Trade 
Wholesale Prices at New York, 
Week Ending June 4, 1915. 
The commercial values of farm pro¬ 
ducts are what they sell for—not neces¬ 
sarily their food value, or what some one 
thinks or wishes they were worth. Hence 
representative sales, rather than opinions, 
even though unbiased, are the correct 
basis for quotations. 
MILK. 
The Borden contract prices for the six 
months beginning with April are based 
on the fat content of the milk, there being 
a difference of (50 cents per 100 pounds 
between three and five per cent. fat. The 
price increases uniformly three cents per 
100 pounds for every tenth of one per 
cent, fat increase. 
3% 
3.5% 
4% 
4.5% 
5% 
April . . 
.. $1.31 
$1.46 
$1.‘61 
$1.76 
$1.91 
May ... 
.. 1.06 
1.21 
1.36 
1.51 
1.66 
June .. 
. . 1.00 
1.15 
1.30 
1.45 
1.60 
July .. 
. . 1.16 
1.31 
1.46 
1.61 
1.76 
Aug. . . 
. . 1.32 
1.47 
1.62 
1.77 
1.92 
Sept. .. 
.. 1.41 
1.56 
1.71 
1.86 
2.01 
BUTTER. 
Prices on the better grades of creamery 
and dairy are one-half cent advanced. 
Quality is running better, and business 
is active, including some speculative 
trade. 
Creamery, best, above 93 score, lb. 29 @ 29)£ 
Extra. 93 score . 28 @ 28)6 
Good to Choice . 24 @ 26 
Lower Grades. 21 @ 23 
State Dairy, best. 28 @ 28)6 
Common to Good. 22 @ 25 
Ladles . 20 @ 21 
Packing Stock. 18 @ 20 
Process . 20 @ 24 
Elgin, Ill., butter market 28 cents. 
Philadelphia, western creamery. 28)6 cents. 
Boston, western creamery. 28)6. 
Chicago creamery. 22®27)6. 
Kansas City, 23@27. 
CHEESE, 
Export business continues heavy, local 
trade dull. Prices on choice grades run 
from 16 to 17 cents, with now and then 
a special brand above 17. 
Whole Milk, new specials . 17 @ 17*4 
New, average fancy . 16)6@ 17 
New. under grades . 14 @ 16 
Skims, special. 13 @ 14 
Pair to good . 7 <§, 10 
EGGS 
The one-cent advance on choice quali¬ 
ties noted last week has been held. Small 
sizes and qualities only fair to good are 
very dull. 
White. choice to fancy, large . 24 @ 25 
Medium togood. 18 @ 21 
Mixed colors, best. .. 23 @ 24 
Common to good. 14 @ 91 
Duck Eggs . 17 @ 24 
FRESH FRUITS. 
The list of available fruits is widening, 
a few peaches having arrived from the 
South, huckleberries and blackberries 
from the Carolinas, cherries from Mary¬ 
land and Delaware, muskmelons from 
California and watermelons from Florida. 
From this time on the New York fruit 
market will be interesting and well worth 
a visit by farmers in the city. The great 
bulk of wholesale trade is on the docks, 
the fruit being trucked from there direct¬ 
ly to retailers or jobbers. Much of this 
business is done very early, from one to 
four a. m.. depending on quantity and 
character of fruit, but for those who do 
not care to get out so early there is 
plenty to be seen in the wholesalers’ 
stores along Washington and the cross 
streets from Fourteenth to Cortlandt. 
There are several fruit auction sales 
daily, some on the docks and others in 
auction rooms convenient to this section, 
mainly near the junction of Franklin and 
Washington streets. These sales at pres¬ 
ent handle citrus fruits, pineapples, ban¬ 
anas and cherries. They are advertised 
in the newspapers and samples are open 
for inspection some time before the sale. 
The selling goes on rapidly and seems 
confusing at first, but the drift of it is 
soon picked up, so that just what is be¬ 
ing done may be followed. The success of 
these fruit auctions depends on proper 
grading and the fact that practically all 
fruit of that character is sold in the 
same way. Those who want it have to 
go to the auctions to get it, and usually 
there is sufficient competition to prevent 
unduly low prices. No doubt some of this 
fruit might bring higher prices at pri¬ 
vate sale, but if the auction were made 
the dumping ground for culls only, inter¬ 
est in it would decline, except for 
“snakes” and job-lot buyers. 
Some choice strawberries are arriving 
from nearby, bringing up to 16 cents, 
and blackberries at 20 cents or a trifle 
more. The peaches received are small and 
inferior, sold mainly as a novelty. 
Apples—Ben Davis, bbl. 
Russet . 
Baldwin. 
. 2 00 
@ 3 25 
@ 3 60 
Spy . 
@ 4 50 
@ 2 50 
@ 15 
@ 7 
@ 12 
@ 12 
@ 20 
@ 18 
@ 7 
@250 
Box, as to variety, . 
Strawberries, nearbv. qt. 
. 125 
Virginia . 
Maryland. 
Cherries, qt. 
Blackberries, qr. 
. 5 
. 6 
. 10 
Huckleberries, ar. 
Goosberries. qt. 
Peaches, carrier . 
BEANS. 
Marrow. 100 lbs.. 
@ 7 25 
@ 5 80 
@ 5 411 
@ 6 25 
@ 7 25 
@ 5 25 
@5 50 
Medium ... 
Pea . 
.5 75 
Red Kidney. 
Wbite Kidney .. 
Yellow Eye.. 
Lima, California.. 
.... 020 
VEG ETA IILE3. 
Potato market much stronger and 25 
cents per barrel higher on good stock. 
New arriving from as' far north as Vir¬ 
ginia, but running very small. Aspara¬ 
gus in moderate' supply, as weather is 
too cold for rapid growth. String beans 
in surplus, many going at 50 cents per 
bushel. New onions excessively plenti¬ 
ful, some selling as low as 30 cents nor 
bushel. 
Potatoes—Southern, new, bbl. 
01(1, 180 lbs. 
Bermuda, bbl. 
Asparagus, fancy., doz. 
Common to good. 
Culls. 
Beets. 100 bunches. 
Carrots, bbl. 
Cucumbers, bu. 
Cabbage, bbl. crate . 
Horseradish, bbl . 
Leeks, 100 bunches. 
Lettuce, half-bbl. basket. 
Onions—Texas, crate. 
Peppers, bu. .. 
Peas, bu. 
Radishes, barrel .. 
Rhubarb, 100 bunches . 
Spinach, bbl.. 
String Beans, bu. 
Squash, new. bu. 
Egg Plants, bu. 
Tomatoes, 6-bkt. crate.. 
LIVE POULTRY. 
Broilers, lb.. 
Fowls . 
Roosters. 
Ducks.... 
Geese. 
2 00 @ 5 00 
1 25 @1 75 
2 00 @ 5 00 
2 00 @ 2 75 
1 25 @ 1 75 
75 @ 1 00 
1 00 @ 1 50 
1 00 01 75 
25 @ 2 50 
50 @ 1 00 
3 00 @5 00 
75 @ 1 00 
15 @ 75 
30 @ 1 00 
1 75 @ 2 25 
75 ® 2 00 
1 00 @ 1 50 
75 ® 1 00 
40 @ 50 
40 ® 2 00 
75 @ 1 25 
1 50 @2 50 
<5 @ 1 75 
24 @ 26 
16 ® 17 
10 @ 11 
13 ® 14 
10 @ 11 
DRESSED POULTRY. 
Turkeys, choice, lb.. 20 @ 21 
Common to good. 14 ® 18 
Chickens choice broilers, lb. 35 ® 88 
Broilers, common to good . 30 ® 32 
Squab broilers, pair. 65 @ 75 
Roasters .. . 23 @ 24 
•fowls. 14 ® 15 
Spring Ducks. 15 ® 18 
Squabs, doz.. 1 50 @ 3 76 
LIVE STOCK. 
Native Steers. 
Bulls. 
Cows.. 
Calves, prime veal, 100 lb.. 
Culls. 
Sheep. 100 lbs. 
Lambs .. . 
Hogs. 
8 50 @9 00 
5 25 @ 7 50 
3 00 @3 50 
8 00 ®1100 
5 00 ® 7 00 
4 50 ® 6 50 
9 00 @12 00 
7 50 @ 8 00 
COUNTRY-DRESSED MEATS. 
Calves, prime. 13 @ 14 
Common to good. 9 @ h 
Lambs, bothouse, bead .4 00 ® 7 00 
HAY AND STRAW. 
Receipts are only moderate and market 
quite active. 
Hay. Timothy, No. 1. ton . 23 50 @24 00 
No. 2.21 50 @22 50 
No. 3 .18 50 @20 00 
Clover mixed.20 00 @22 00 
8traw, Rye,.13 00 @15 00 
GRAIN 
With the close of the May options 
wheat prices declined heavily, the drop 
being further emphasized by favorable 
crop reports both on Winter and Spring 
wheat. The Texas harvest has begun 
and it will rapidly work up to Kansas. 
Eoru arid oats are both lower, but the 
decline was not so great proportionally, 
grains had not been on so strong¬ 
ly speculative basis as wheat. Consider¬ 
able replanting of corn is reported, owing 
to rains and cold weather. 
Wheat. No. 1. Northernspring. 150 @ 
No. 2. Red . 1 44 @ ’ 
Corn, as to quality, bush. si @ 83 
Oats, as to weight, bush. 57 ® 59 
Rye, free from onion. 1 27 @ 1 28 
MILLFEED. 
' 5 ™n. car lots.24 00 @25 50 
Middlings.27 50 @32 00 
Rod Dog . 3300 @34 50 
Corn meal.32 00 @34 00 
RETAIL PRICES AT NEW YORK. 
These are not the highest or lowest 
figures noted here, but represent produce 
of good quality and the buying oppor¬ 
tunities of at least half of New York’s 
population. 
Eggs, fancy white, doz. 
Mixed colors, new laid_ 
Ordinary grades. 
Butter, fancy prints, lb. 
Tub. choice.. 
. 20 
. 33 
Chickens, roasting, ib. 
Broilers, common to good. 
Squab Broilers, pair. 
Fricassee, lb.! 
Fowls . 
lb. 28 
. 1 25 
Leg of lamb.. 
. 20 
Lamb chops. 
Roasting beef . 
Stewing beef . 
Pork chops. 
Ta>in of Pork . 
Strawberries, qt . 
Asparagus, bunch . 
@ 
30 
@ 
26 
@ 
24 
@ 
35 
@ 
32 
@ 
28 
@ 
32 
@ 
1 50 
@ 
20 
@ 
18 
@ 
22 
@ 
24 
@ 
20 
@ 
15 
@ 
20 
@ 
20 
@ 
20 
@ 
25 
When you write advertisers mention 
The R. N.-Y. and you'll get a quick 
reply and a “square deal.” See guaran¬ 
tee editorial page. : : : ; 
Do you need Farm Help? 
w ® many able-bodied young men, both with ami without 
farming experience, who wish to work on larma. If you need a 
good. Intelligent, Holier man, write for an order blank. Ours la 
a philanthropic organization and we make no ctiargo to cm- 
plover or employee. 
Our object is to eticonrn^o farming nmonj: .Tews. 
THE JEWISH AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY 
I<« Second Avenno New York City 
on 1 r r , Agency without a 
complaint. I refer to Commissioner of Licenses 
saL- rwl ^ °'4' on Hand-all Branches. 
6486 Cortlandt, 115 Nassau St., New York 
Subscribers’ Exchange 
Complying with several suggestions received 
open a department here to enable 
NEW-YORKER readers to supply each 
other s wants. If you want to buy or sell or 
exchange, make it known here. This Rate will 
be 5 Cents a word, payable in advance. The 
name and address must be counted as part of 
’L 1 !r rtl c m J cnt ' , COPY must reach us not 
“F tha " Friday to appear in the following 
Prod k ,’,rtn N w 1 18pla ^ £ yp ? • used ' an<i onl y Farm 
lp an , d Fositions Wanted admitted. 
Jr/l m b ow, f ber . S onI V De alers, jobbers and gen- 
+ j manufacturers announcements not admit- 
advoHdo 6 ' F° ult ?Y> Eg S s and other live stock 
othor nn ^" 18 g ° u Un xr fir P r °Pe r headings on 
win n^ h! ; S< \ cd , c nd Nursery advertisements 
win not be accepted for this column. 
Buffalo Markets. 
The city markets are still a mass of 
flowering plants, which are just passing 
the height of their season. The showing 
of foods is also good. In fact there has 
not been the Spring scarcity of anything 
as is sometimes the case. Not muoh but 
cabbage is really high. There has been 
a big run of asparagus, which wholesales 
at $2.25 to $2.75 per dozen bunches, and 
is of the finest quality. 
Strawberries promised some of their old 
low prices, retailing for a short time at 
eight cents and upwards, but they are 
now 12 cents, wholesale. The late frost 
hurt them in some localities, but with a 
little more rain they still promise a good 
home yield late in .Tune. Apples are now 
wholesaling at $4 to $4.25 per barrel. 
Potatoes are going begging. Many 
farmers still have quite a supply for sale, 
but to sprout them and sell them at not 
more than 25 cents a bushel is giving 
them away, when the plow has to stop in 
the furrow for such work. The whole¬ 
sale price is not above 45 cents. New 
Floridas wholesale at $5.50 and Ber¬ 
mudas at $6.75. Onions are 50 cents to 
$1.25 per bushel for home grown, and 
Texas, the latter seldom touching the home 
prices. Lettuce is now down to 15 to 30 
cents per dozen heads; new beets are 40 
to 60 cents per dozen bunches; string 
beans, $2.25 to $2.50 per hamper; cab¬ 
bage, $2.25 per Southern crate; spinach 
is as low as 20 to 25 cents a bushel, and 
pieplant. 10 to 15 cents a dozen bunches, 
wholesale. All this is low in price. There 
are a few green peas in market at very 
varying prices. 
The butter market is firm, but prices 
are not above 30 cents wholesale, with 
most of it below 27 cents. Cheese seldom 
varies from 17 cents for daisies, whole¬ 
sale. and eggs are low at 23 cents for 
highest wholesale. Farmers who retail 
fresh eggs at 25 cents complain that they 
hardly pay for the feed of the hens. The 
poultry trade is quiet and rather weak, 
probably to correspond with eggs, at 25 
to 28 cents for fancy turkey, dressed, and 
18 to 19 for best fowl; live turkey is 16 
to 18 cents wholesale, and fowl 16 to 17 
cents. Broilers are 25 to 35 cents a 
pound, dressed, and ducks, 13 to 16 cents. 
The market is bare of geese and broilers 
are not plenty. Capons inn from 20 to 27 
cents a pound. J. w. c. 
Scales On The Farm. —No one 
doubts the value of knowing the weight 
of what you sell and what you buy. If 
you cannot afford platform scales use 
steelyards, says Coo. E. Bray of the 
Kansas Agricultural College: “By using 
a crate with a steelyard an inexpensive 
scale can be made. For $3 it will be 
possible to furnish a scale which will 
weigh pigs and serve a handy purpose 
around the farm. When the steelyard is 
used for weighing feed it can be sus¬ 
pended from joists, but when used in 
weighing a pig it will be necessary to 
build a horse from which to suspend them. 
A crate or box, which may be made from 
inexpensive materials, will be needed to 
hold the pig. Any ordinary lumber hav¬ 
ing the proper dimensions may be used 
in the construction of the horse. The 
horse should be made eight feet long, al¬ 
though this length may be reduced by 
placing the steelyard at right angles to 
the length rather than suspending it par¬ 
allel. The horse should be seven feet 
high to allow room for the crate. At the 
bottom the legs should spread 3% feet. 
A box may be substituted for the crate if 
the proper size is handy. Strips may be 
nailed to the sides to make it more con¬ 
venient to handle and to fasten the ropes 
which hang from the steelyard. If a 
crate is built it should be from four to 
414 feet long, about 2*4 feet high, and 
20 inches wide.” 
Who can toll me where any or all of 
these three old books can be obtained, and 
the price: Riley on The Mule; Mayhew’s 
Horse Trainer; Mayhew’s Horse Doctor? 
Vernon, N. Y. o. if. 
CHOICE NEW MAPLE SYRUP in 
Ion cans? at 55c. per can JVY 
Rupert, Vt. 
one-half gnl- 
T. SMITH. 
■ . . --* •*«*»uTTva;u uums. <*M*<*- 
tries running water. 2% acres rich level land 
markets, schools. $3,500; tonus! 
MARCUS M. BROWNE, Marlboro, Mass., Owner. 
585 ACRES—Dutchess County; choice dairy 
rrA r -mn W ?,f tS buildings; lake. Inquire F. R 
KLArOR Attorney at Law, 22 Exchange Place 
FOR SALE—Farm In Fauquier County, Virginia 
311 acres; convenient to R. R. Depot. Reale- 
ton, Virginia; price, $10,000. If Interestetr ap¬ 
ply for particulars to HARRY L. BURN, 169 
Madison Avenue, New York City. 
•'OR SALE—56 acre Alfalfa farm, 1% miles to 
village and railroad station; seven-roomed 
hoiise, cellar, basement barn, hay barn and 
shed; two horses, two cows, farming tools and 
Included: immediate possession given- 
$4,000. ORSON ,T. WOLFERT, Oriskany Fails. 
UNUSUAL FARM BARGAIN—160 acres dark 
loam soil, slightly sloping east, free from 
stone, never failing water, 13-room house with 
ot and cold water and fine bath room, large 
new barn; buildings all recently painted'; farm 
mo«r°c, , 1 . T1!U J 1 roa(l °"e mile from small village; 
must sell at once and will take less than *36 
an acre, and on very reasonable terms- write 
quick if interested. CHAS. J. PARKER Ox® 
ford, Chenango Co., N. Y. ux 
FOR SALE—Large, modern poultry plant, sell- 
hab y chicks and pullets, fancy and 
broilers; ideal location on Long Island near 
the water; laying houses for 1.500 head; brooder 
opacity 10,000 chicks; incubator capacity! 
11,000 eggs, stocked with White Leghorns; weli 
known farm with good established trade. For 
inU information address BOX 100, care Rural 
New-Yorker. 
SALE OR LEASE—Poultry farm, Long Island 
BilX 1 lO'tl 118 distance, 4 acres. 6 room and' bath. 
WANTED—Position on gentleman’s place by 
married man, no family, to care lawns or 
garden and small dairy; no smoking or liquor; 
wife not afraid to help housework; can furnish 
best references. Address BOX 640, Warwick, 
N Y. 
WANTED—Man and wife on big place; no chil¬ 
dren; woman to make butter and help gener¬ 
ally; do the laundry work for family; man to 
milk, care for stock, lawns, vegetable garden 
chickens, and the general care and work of 
place; unfurnished cottage, good yearly position 
tor right party; references necessary. BOX 107 
care Rural New-Yorker, N. Y. City. 
MAN 31 years old, single, with best reference, 
wishes position as manager or foreman E K 
SOIL, I*. O. Box 183, York town Heights, N. Y 
AMERICAN, married, practical farmer, desires 
to take charge of gentleman’s small estate; 
best references. BOX 106. care It. N.-Y. 
YOUNG MARRIED MAN desires position as 
head dairyman with years of business, Rab- 
eoek testing and certified experience; engine and 
boiler experience; bandy with tools; reference 
given. Address BOX 108. care Rural New- 
Yorker. 
\\ ANTED—Three good teamsters; write stating 
experience, references, etc. BOX 109, care 
Rural New-Yorker. 
near New Y'ork; no liquor nor tobacco; $25 and 
board; last four years experience; general farm¬ 
ing^ GEORGE GOLLUP, 858 43d St.. Brooklyn. 
WANTED—Position on gentleman’s place, expe¬ 
rienced farm, vegetables, care lawns, drives, 
dairy, Babcock test, poultry, caponizing; Amer¬ 
ican, 46, married, no children; references. BOX 
110, care The Rural New-Yorker. 
WANTED—Light work on farm for board by 
middle-aged man (oxperieuced). BOKEL- 
MANN’S, 306 E. 26, N. Y. 
GOOD BOARD WANTED on farm (German pre¬ 
ferred) by healthy family, with two chil¬ 
dren for the summer; commuting distance, dry 
climate, no hoarding houses. LOCHNElt, 2704 
Bainbrldge Ave., N. Y. 
ENGLISHMAN wishes position as superinten¬ 
dent or head dairyman, life experience In 
farming in all its branches, including growing 
rotation crops, feeding and handling purebred 
stock; do my own doctoring, tuberculin and 
Babcock testing, excellent butter maker, thor¬ 
oughly understands certified dairying, manage¬ 
ment of help, etc. 346 W. 23J St., New York 
City. 
SINGLE MAN wants work in dairy laboratory; 
lias bad a little experience in bacteria work; 
sober and reliable. LABORATORY, e. Rural 
New-Yorker. 
