872 
THE RURAL, NEW-YORKER. 
July 3, 1915. 
substitute for hay. On two acres more 
of this sod you can seed Japanese mil¬ 
let. If you fertilize this freely it will 
give you a fair crop in September of a 
coarse heavy hay. This millet hay is not 
suitable for feeding your horse, but it 
will make good cow feed. Fit the re¬ 
maining acre as well as you can, and 
early in August sow three packages each 
of rye and barley. If you have a reason¬ 
able amount of moisture these grains 
will grow well. The barley can be cut 
in late October, or just before a heavy 
frost, and cured for hay. It makes a 
fair hay. relished by all kinds of stock. 
After the barley has been cut the rye 
will grow on and make a good growth, 
which will live through the Fall and 
Winter. If you sow the fodder corn, it 
will pay you to seed about a bushel of 
rye through this corn at the last culti¬ 
vation. Work it in with the cultivator, 
and let it grow as a cover crop through 
the Fall and Winter. You can still seed 
both carrots and mangels as roots for 
cattle feeding next Winter. It is too 
late to obtain a full crop of these roots 
now, but there will be half a ci'op or 
more, and under the circumstances this 
will pay. As vegetables for your family 
you can still plant cabbage, tomatoes, 
beans, beets, lettuce, turnips, celery and 
may others. 
Pruning Dewberries. 
Will some of you who have had ex¬ 
perience with dewberries tell me how to 
prune and train them? I have the Lu- 
creti a and it does not seem to like to be 
tied to a wire. c. d. y. 
The trailing blackberries or dewberries 
differ from the upright growing varieties 
both in their manner of growth and in 
the fact that they will root from tips 
like black raspberries, and do not suck¬ 
er so freely as the tall upright black¬ 
berries. Like all the family they make 
annual canes which ripen and die after 
fruiting, and their places are taken by 
new canes. Various methods of train¬ 
ing have been practiced. In the earlier 
days of the cultivation of the Lueretia 
it was a common practice to stretch wires 
about two feet above the ground on 
which the fruiting canes were tied out. 
But it was soon found that the wire 
chafed and injured the canes, and this 
method was abandoned by all the large 
growers. Some then laid light poles 
along on crotched stakes, and this did 
very well. But the general practice now 
in the South is to set stakes one to each 
hill and to tie the canes up to the stake 
in Spring. The young canes, during the 
growing season are trailed in along the 
rows out of the way of cultivation, and 
are allowed to lie on the ground during 
the Winter, as they are thus less liable 
to injury in the Winter. The tying up 
is done in the Spring before growth 
starts. Here our growers have aban¬ 
doned all training or tying up, and pinch 
the canes during the Summer to cause 
the plants to branch into a bush form. I 
have observed all these methods and 
have practiced some of them. For the 
best results in the crop and for the fin¬ 
est fruit I think that the upright stake 
method is best. Set the plants 4x5 feet 
and give each plant a six-foot stake and 
in Spring tie the running canes loose¬ 
ly to the stake. As the young canes 
start trail them in along the rows out 
of the way of cultivation. Two or three 
canes to a stake are better than more 
and no more should be allowed to grow. 
Maryland. w. F. massey. 
Those Siberian Alfalfa Varieties. 
On page 782 it is mentioned under the 
heading of “Hope Farm Notes” that the 
Siberian varieties are doing better than 
the ordinary Alfalfa plants. This is just 
my experience here in Florida, where no 
one has been able to grow Alfalfa suc¬ 
cessfully as a permanent pasture. I 
have found that the Grimm variety was 
very promising and that the Orenberg 
was even better. The seedsmen charge 
an absurd price for the latter kind, but 
say that it will be much cheaper next 
year. The superiority of these varie¬ 
ties consists in the vigorous spreading 
out of the roots, which enables a single 
plant to cover an area of four feet in 
diameter. These roots do not extend 
over six feet in depth, and at that dis¬ 
tance find a permanent water level in 
this locality, and draw upon the moisture 
from a thousand sources, while the or¬ 
dinary Alfalfa only sends down one root 
to that distance. It seems to pay to get 
the year-old plants rather than start with 
the seed, but the tops must be kept cut 
down closely so as to encourage the 
spreading of the roots, and a liberal 
amount of fertilizer should be used at 
the start. We are now obliged to pay 
.$30 a ton for Alfalfa hay and our daily 
importation of all kinds of hay into the 
State is some 200 carloads so it is easy 
to see what it would be worth to the peo¬ 
ple of Florida if Alfalfa could be suc¬ 
cessfully grown here. Very few dairy¬ 
men are able to come out whole with 
milk selling at 10 cents a quart and it 
seems to be impossible to raise hogs at a 
profit where there is no permanent pas¬ 
ture to be found for them. R. L. H. 
Floral Bluff, Fla. 
Auto Truck for Fruit Farm. 
In regard to auto truck, we have used 
one since last August, and find it very 
satisfactory. We charge the truck its 
purchase price, six per cent, on invest¬ 
ment, insurance, both liability and fire, 
upkeep, such as repairs, tires, oil and 
gasoline, and credit the truck 10 cents 
per bushel for all apples marketed in local 
market, distance 10 miles. This is same 
price we are obliged to pay if hired 
drawn with horses. The truck has 
earned nearly one-half its cost already, 
and bids fair to be a good investment. 
Good roads and a careful driver make a 
good deal of difference in the life of an 
auto truck. GRANT G. HITCHINGS. 
Onondaga Co„ N. Y. 
Onion Sets go to Seed. 
When last year’s onion sets start to 
make seed, how about cutting the tops 
off, in fact, not letting any seed start? 
Some tell me to cut the tops off, others 
say take a barrel and roll it over them, 
so as to break them down. I have start¬ 
ed to cut the tops off. so they will not 
make any seed. How do people who 
grow onions from sets keep them from 
going to seed? J. b. D. 
Marion, Ind. 
The general practice is to pinch these 
shoots out as soon as they are dis¬ 
tinguishable. They should not be allowed 
to attain much size, as they soon become 
hard and woody inside the bulb, render¬ 
ing it practically unfit for table use, nor 
will the onion keep well in Winter if the 
seed stalk is permitted to attain any 
size. The rolling of barrels, or any¬ 
thing else over your onions will not af¬ 
fect them to their betterment, and who¬ 
ever told you to do so, either did not 
know what they were talking about, or 
were endeavoring to make you a laughing 
stock for the neighborhood. The small 
sets, ranging in size from three-eighths 
of an inch and under, very rarely go to 
seed, and when it is intended to grow 
large bulbs no large sets should be plant¬ 
ed. but should be used for the production 
of bunching onions. K. 
Nitrate of Soda on Beans. 
Some weeks since, in accordance with 
a suggestion made by a dealer in garden 
seeds, I sprinkled nitrate of soda around 
my bush beans just about the time they 
began to bloom. A few days later I no¬ 
ticed that a number of the leaves were 
wilted or rather “burned.” I was very 
careful in applying the nitrate not to get 
it on the leaves nor too near the roots. 
Gan you suggest the cause of this burn¬ 
ing of the leaves? Do you think that I 
used too much nitrate? Can you give me 
an idea as to a safe quantity to use and 
the best way to apply it? w. n. b. 
If you know you did not scatter the ni¬ 
trate on the leaves the trouble probably 
is that you used too much. For garden 
work it is better to dissolve the nitrate 
in water or mix it with fine soil or coal 
ashes. A large dose would be 150 pounds 
to the acre. A solution of a tablespoonful 
to a gallon of water would be safe. In 
some cases the nitrate is dissolved in 
water and then sprinkled over dry sifted 
coal ashes. Then when these are dried 
once more they can be scattered along 
the rows like fertilizer. 
Early Sowing of Crimson Clover. 
Will you tell me if it 'would be a pay¬ 
ing proposition to sow Crimson clover in 
a cornfield which was heavily manured on 
a very weedy sod this Spring? Part of 
this will be used as a hog pasture as soon 
as corn is ready, and remainder will be 
put to cabbage and potatoes next year. 
Soil, sandy loam; mainly hillside. Crim¬ 
son clover is priced here at $6 per bushel. 
Ontario, N. Y. e. h. 
No! Do not sow Crimson clover be¬ 
fore the latter part of Summer. This 
is not a crop for Spring seeding. As 
hot weather comes on it would go to seed 
and die even when only a few inches tall. 
The Crimson clover is a cool weather 
plant. It is useful for late Summer seed¬ 
ing because it grows on through the Fall, 
following Spring. But do not seed it in 
Spring or early Summer. 
Crops and Prices. 
June 16. Live weight cattle, Yorkers 
$7 per cwt.; roughs $5; cows (choice) 
$6; old cows $4; veal $9.50 to $10; 
grassers $6 to $7; poultry 11c and 12c 
per lb. Hay $13 to $15 a ton. Pota¬ 
toes 35c to 40c a bushel. c. o. b. 
North Evans, N. Y. 
New milch cows $60 to $S0; dressed 
beef 10; veal, live, 8 to 9; butter 28 to 
30 ; eggs 22; hay $18 to $20; corn 90; 
oats 60. Strawberries 12 to 14 per 
basket. Average crop assured in spite 
of late frost. The outlook for bush ber¬ 
ries is splendid. Gardens late but im¬ 
proving owing to recent showers which 
were badly needed. P. K. H. 
West Milton, N. Y. 
June 21. Horses, plugs, $10 to $40; 
farm, good, $160 to $200. Cows, fresh, 
$60 to $90, fat 6c per lb.; steers 8c; 
calves, 10c, live weight. Hogs, fat, 200 
lbs., 9c; 160 lbs., 9*4 dressed weight; 
sucking pigs $3 a head. Hogs might 
be quoted higher in our big market, 
Philadelphia, 30 miles distant, but when 
we pay freight, yardage, have them ex¬ 
amined, disinfected, it pays to take home 
prices. Wheat $1.50; corn 90c; pota¬ 
toes, new. $1.25; old 40. Milk, per quart 
in town, 6c; shipped to city 5c, at cream¬ 
ery 38; butterfat, average less than 4c 
per quart at creamery. w. n. H. 
Spring City, Pa. 
June 17. Butter 25 to 35c per lb. 
We have a new creamery in town; they 
bought out all milk routes from fai-mers, 
and pasteurize milk selling it at 8c per 
qt., promising not to raise price in Win¬ 
ter. They give farmers 30c per lb. for 
butterfat. Cows from $40 to $100; .veal 
calves 7*4 to 9c per lb., as to size. All 
early fruit will be half crop due to 
late freeze. Shipped strawberries sell 
two baskets for 25c. Lettuce 10c per 
mess, onions 5c per bunch of from 6 to 
10. Potatoes plenty but no sale; some 
farmers sell at 40c per bu., others give 
to hogs, but new potatoes from South 
sell at 2c to 5c per lb. E. J. B. 
Patton, Pa. 
This is almost exclusively a dairy 
section, and milk is the chief product. 
Prices for that shipped to Philadelphia 
are about 4c per quart in Summer and 5c 
in Winter, less one-half cent freight. Lo¬ 
cal creameries range from $1.30 per 100 
lbs. Summer to $1.90 for Winter, de¬ 
livered at the creamery. Some dairy 
stock is raised, but cows are mostly 
brought in from other sections and I 
judge a fair range of prices would be 
from $50 to $80 per head for fresh cows. 
Some hay is shipped and would net the 
farmer about $12 at present. Market 
gardening is carried on mostly for local 
trade. Considerable fruit is being plant¬ 
ed and our County Association is plan¬ 
ning a cooperative selling plan for hand¬ 
ling this season’s crop of peaches. It is 
expected to handle the apples in the same 
way when our orchards reach that stage. 
North Brook, Pa. C. P. B. 
Cold rains and two heavy frosts have 
worked much damage to the fruit prop¬ 
erties of Western New York. Of all 
crops in Wayne County pehches seem to 
promise the fullest returns this year, the 
prospects being that a bumper crop will 
be harvested. Investigation shows that 
most of the other crops will suffer mate¬ 
rially from the heavy freezes of May. 
During the bloom period the blossoms 
were as plentiful as for two or three 
years back, but the rains and cold periods 
worked much havoc generally. Many 
growers say the present drop of young 
fruit is out of proportion to the usual 
drop, and that in some instances the re¬ 
maining fruit shows decay in the center, 
though this condition is not general. It 
has been said that if every apple now 
on the trees should mature, a conserva¬ 
tive estimate would have to place the crop 
at not exceeding 25 per cent, of a nor¬ 
mal crop. 
The cherry crop has been placed at 
about 65 per cent, of last season’s yield, 
the shortage being due to the frosts of 
May. The trees made a fine start and 
for a time it looked as though all rec¬ 
ords would be broken. There has been a 
notable increase of young orchards com¬ 
ing into bearing this year. Grapes have 
been hit hard and the crop this season, 
except along the lake front, will be very 
light. In the northern tier of Wayne 
towns, the vineyards, though not ex¬ 
tensive, will yield an average crop this 
year. The pear crop will also fall un¬ 
der last year’s harvest. There will be 
a shortage of all varieties. Clapp may 
go 75 per cent, of a crop, depending on 
further drops. Bartlett will not go 
above 50 per cent, though some orchards 
will exceed this average. Quinces will 
be a near failure in some sections. 
Wayne Co., N. Y. A. n. p. 
“What is your reason for wanting to 
learn to dance?” “Well, it looks foolish- 
er to sit still and look foolish than it does 
to get on your feet and look foolish.”—* 
Washington Star. 
Small Jeremiah had been stung by a 
bee. “I wouldn’t mind it walking on my 
neck,” he said to his mother, “if it hadn’t 
sat down so hard!”—Milwaukee Journal. 
BASKETS 
LADDERS 
Picking Bags, Etc. 
Send for Catalogue 
Free shoulder strap 
to peach growers 
BACON & CO. 
Gasport, N. Y. 
FRUIT PACKAGES Catalog 
Best quality. All styles. Any quantity. 
C. N. ROBINSON * BRO., Dept. A Baltimore, Md. 
ADD I C DADDn C— Best standard. Hand made. 
Hrrix DHIlTlCLO Atly number. Prompt ship- 
ment. ROBT. GILLIES, Medina, New York 
CRIMSON CLOVER 
The great soil improver and valuable for early 
green food, grazing and hay crop. Special 
circular free, also sample and price of seed 
sent on request. 
Alfalfa 
High-grade American grown seed. Write for 
sample and price of seed also a copy of our 
Alfalfa Leaflet, free. If in need of Farm Seeds 
of any kind, please write to us for prices. 
HENRY A. DREER 
- PHILADELPHIA. PA. - 
Strawberry Plants 
RUNNER and POT-GROWN for August and Fall planting. 
Will bear fruit next summer. Catalogue free. 
HARRY L. SQUIRES, Remsenburg, N. Ys 
Cabbage, Celery, Kohl Rabi, Beets, $i F :<» D P f ,r 
l.OOO, $8.50 per lO.OOOs TOMATO, SWEET POTATO, $1.50 
per 1,000; CAULIFLOWER, PEPPERS, EGO PLANTS, $2.50 
per l.OOO. Send lor list. J. C. SCHMIDT, Bristol, Pa. 
CflDGAI «r -CAULIFLOWER AND 
“UK OftLC CELERY PLANTS, 40c. 
100: 300, $1. Postpaid, $2 per 1,000. Cabbage, $1 per 
1.000. List Free. W. S. Ford & Son, Hartly, Del. 
Cabbage, Celery, Cauliflower Plants 
55c. per hundred, by mail, postpaid. Leading varie¬ 
ties. Low thousand prices. Catalogue free. 
Harry L. Squires, - Kemsenburg, N. Y. 
c W IP IP 'T' SEED, of high quality, specially 
v-5 T» L L, 1 treated for full, quick germination. 
a'NWE'IY Prices and information on request. 
CLrVJ V ILK E. JiARTON, Box 29, Falmouth. Ky. 
O NE MILLION Danish Cabbage andCelery Plants 
$1. Thousand. THOS. G ASHMEAO. Williamson. N Y 
Thousands of Cabbag'e Plants 
PREMIUM. LATE FLAT DUTCH. LARGE AMERICAN DRUM 
HEAD, SUREHEAD and DANISH BALLHEAD. ?1 per 1,000: 
5,000 lots, 90c. ; 10,000 lotg, 80c. per 11. AUTUMN GIANT 
CAULIFLOWER. $2.50 per 11. Prompt delivery assured. 
Penrose Plant & Truck Farm, W. P. Drake, Prog., Dover, Del. 
Inoculated Alfalfa Soil 
75c. per 100 lb., or ten dollars per ton, F. O. B. cars. 
Send for free booklet “How to grow alfalfa.” 
Dr. H. Somerville, Chest Springs, Cambria Co., Pa. 
Our New Handy Binder 
Sides are heavy Book Board, Imita¬ 
tion Leather Back and Corners, 
Cloth Sides, Two Tongues Inside, 
Inside of Cover Neat Lining Paper, 
Stamped in Gold— “Rural New- 
Yorker”— on outside. 
Will hold 52 issues, or more. 
Sent prepaid upon receipt of 
price, 50c. 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
333 West 30th St. New York City 
LEVIN PRUNER 
T HE best Pruner. Cuts 14 -inch 
dry branch. Quick, clean, 
easy cut. We will send it post¬ 
paid for one new yearly subscrip¬ 
tion at $ 1 , or for club of 10 ten- 
week trials at 10 cents each. 
These articles are not given with a sub¬ 
scription to The Rural New-Yorker, but 
are given to the agent as a reward, in 
place of cash, for extending the subscrip¬ 
tion list of The Rural New-Yorker. 
THE RURAL NEW-YOP.KER, 
333 WEST 30th ST., NEW YORK. 
