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THE RURAL, NEW-YORKER 
July 10, 1915. 
Live Stock Feeding Problems 
Ration for’Farm Team; Seeding Buckwheat. 
1. Will you give me the proper grain 
ration (oats or corn) to feed farm horses 
weighing about 1.400 each, when using 
oat and pea hay, for roughage, also when 
using Timothy? At present I am feeding 
four quarts oats with a handful of bran 
to each horse three times a day, besides 
Timothy, but prefer to feed the oat and 
pea hay in place of Timothy. 2. In plant¬ 
ing buckwheat (which is a new crop for 
me) what is the best, quantity to sow? 
\Y. >uld it pay me to plant after the oat 
and pea crop is removed if the buckwheat 
is harvested about September 15 in time 
to prepare the ground for Winter wheat? 
I expect to harvest the oats and peas 
about first week of July or a little later. 
Millington, N. J. c. M. 
1. The amount of grain needed by 
farm horses depends upon the work that 
they are doing. As a general rule, one 
pound per day for each 100 pounds weight 
of the horse is accepted, but this would be 
too little for most horses doing heavy 
work and more than necessary for idle 
horses or those at light work. Another 
rule is 2% pounds of food per day for 
each 100 pounds weight, of which from 
one to two-thirds, according to the 
amount of work being done, should be in 
the form of grain. Horses at hard work 
should have a large part of their food in 
concentrated and digestible form, as 
grains supply it; idle horses, or those at 
light work, may well be fed on more 
bulky and fibrous food, as they have time 
to digest it. Enough grain should be fed 
to keep horses in good condition; the 
amount varies not only with the indi¬ 
vidual horse but with their activity. 
Twelve quarts of oats daily would be a 
rather light grain ration for 1,400-pound 
horses at heavy farm work; you will 
probably need to increase the amount dur¬ 
ing the busy season, and can cut it down 
at other times. Oats and corn, ground 
together, in equal parts by weight, make 
a good grain ration for working horses, 
and the mixture is cheaper than oats 
alone. 
2. On such ground as buckwheat is or¬ 
dinarily raised upon, a bushel of seed to 
the acre is about the right quantity; on 
better ground, less may be used. The 
first week in July is about as late as it. is 
safe to sow buckwheat in your latitude, if 
you are in Northern New Jersey. The 
later it can be sown and escape the first 
Fall frost, the better. M. B. D. 
Ration for Shetland Pony. 
What would you feed a pony of the 
Shetland type and the amount three times 
a day? She has much grass, an orchard 
to run in and is driven around the village 
once or twice a week by my wife or chil¬ 
dren. She is never driven long or hard. 
I do not know her age, but she is young 
enough to be very lively and always eager 
to go. E. w. D. 
Erie Co., N. Y. 
Probably as good a ration as you could 
feed your pony would be from a pint to a 
quart of oats three times a day, the quan¬ 
tity varying according to the pony’s appe¬ 
tite, condition and the amount of work 
required of it. This is always a question 
which can best be decided by the good 
judgment of the person who does the feed¬ 
ing. If for any reason you cannot get 
oats conveniently you could easily make 
a substitute which would answer the pur¬ 
pose very well by mixing ground barley 
and wheat bran—equal parts and feeding 
as required. c. s - G - 
Scurfy Skin. 
About five weeks ago a friend pre¬ 
sented us with a pair of Spring pigs. We 
have fed them since on wheat middlings, 
meal, like gluten, a little Alfalfa, pota¬ 
toes and peelings cooked, parsnips. Now 
I notice they are scurfy. What treat¬ 
ment can I use to clean them of the 
scurf, and what rations are best? They 
weigh now probably 35 or 40 pounds 
each. K. w. 
Long Island. 
Stop feeding boiled potatoes and let 
the pigs have free range on green grass, 
clover or other green feed. Wash them 
once a week with a 1-100 solution of coal 
tar dip. Keep them out of wet and filthy 
places. A. s. A. 
Farrowing Trouble. 
I am in the pig industry and am breed¬ 
ing about 40 sows. The past Winter I 
have fed them principally on whey and 
a small portion of middlings. I have 
given them plenty of exercise out of 
doors, but I do not seem to have very 
good luck with them now at farrow¬ 
ing time. In some cases both the sow 
and the pigs are lost. What do you think 
is the cause of this, and the proper feed 
for a brood sow? w. L. S. 
New York. 
It is a mistake to feed whey heavily 
to brood sows, nor should they have much 
slop of any kind. The object should be 
to keep the sows thrifty and muscular by 
exercise and sufficient feeding, and it is 
all important to keep the bowels active. 
If the sows become fat and lazy, or slug¬ 
gish and constipated, they will be sure to 
have trouble at farrowing time. Many 
breeders now feed little else than Alfalfa 
hay, roots and light slop of hot water 
middlings and a little flaxseed meal, or 
other combination of meals, while making 
the sows in pig take abundant exercise 
every day. Better make the whey a very 
small part of the ration in future. 
A. s. A. 
Blood Worms. 
My colt, two years old now, did well 
the first year, but this year he has lost 
fiesli ever since last Fall. I feed him the 
choicest of feed. I gave him a treatment 
for worms, but still continues to get 
poorer. The colt has had a good appe¬ 
tite all the time; will eat all the rough 
feed and grain given him. lie looks 
bright, his hair looks good. We feed 
him the best of condition powders, etc. 
I am giving him Fowler’s solution of 
arsenic now. He seems to be getting 
weaker all the time and is as poor as a 
colt could get. H. n. s. 
West Virginia. 
We strongly suspect that bloodworms 
are sapping the life of the colt. Look 
for them in the manure. They are small, 
short >ed worms blunt at one end and 
occurring in multitudes. There is no 
specific cure. Feed new milk and raw 
eggs, grains, crushed oats, bran and best 
of hay. Once a week give one ounce of 
turpentine shaken up in new milk. Twice 
daily in feed mix a heaping teaspoonful 
of a mixture of equal parts of dried sul¬ 
phate of iron, powdered mix vomica, gen¬ 
tian root and fenugreek. We fear there 
is little hope for the colt. We are tak¬ 
ing it for granted that the mouth and 
teeth have been examined for possible 
causes of thriftlessness. A. s. a. 
Paralysis. 
Will you prescribe a remedy for a hog 
that has been ailing for about two 
months? First he was taken lame in the 
left shoulder and gradually grew worse 
until he got stiff and lame all over, does 
not get up. only as he is helped, but 
seems well otherwise ; eats well and seems 
all right in every other way. I have been 
told the meat would be all right to eat, 
but 1 do rot feel that I want to risk it. 
New Jersey. J. s. 
I have a shote that seems to have par¬ 
alysis of the hind legs. It came from a 
November litter and did well until about 
a month ago, when I noticed it. It wants 
to lie down all (he time, and has a hard 
time to get up, getting up with its for¬ 
ward feet and dragging up its hind legs. 
I have it in a warm dry box stall. It 
has a good appetite. J. D. s. 
New Hampshire. 
Partial paralysis no doubt is present 
and probably is associated with rickets. 
Such conditions are induced by heavy 
feeding and lack of exercise. Stuffing 
hogs with corn is most likely to cause 
paralysis and rickets. The hog may be 
killed and the meat used if no serious in¬ 
ternal disease is found present and if the 
hog is otherwise healthy and not feverish 
at time of slaughter. Recovery is unlike¬ 
ly and the medicines and liniment which 
would have to be used in treatment would 
make the meat unfit for use. A. s. A. 
A Farmers’ “Excursion.” 
The value of the automobile as an item 
in a farmers’ meeting was demonstrated 
last week in Cattaraugus County, New 
York. Mr. II. K. Crofoot, of the County 
Farm Bureau, organized a great dairy ex¬ 
cursion. which is the new form of farm¬ 
ers’ meeting. Sixty-three automobiles 
carrying something like 350 people, took 
part in this excursion. They started from 
Olean and swung around through the 
country from one famous dairy farm to 
another, stopping here and there to study 
famous cows or methods of handling a 
famous farm. The live stock industry in 
Cattaraugus is valued at about three mil¬ 
lion dollars, and some of the finest ani¬ 
mals in ike East are to be found within 
the county borders. This excursion 
stopped here and there, picking up new 
recruits as it passed on. 
At one point a mason showed the com¬ 
pany how to make a concrete post, then a 
railroad officer showed the farmers over 
the railroad equipment and talked to them 
about co-operation between the railroad 
and the farmer. Then they stopped at a 
great eondensery, and saw how their milk 
is handled and put into the cans. Thus 
they went from one farm to another, here 
studying the points of a famous Holstein, 
there going over a herd of famous Ayr- 
shires. At one place a big barn gave 
them a chance for a meeting, and they 
listened to addresses by A. A. Hartshorn, 
former president of the Holstein Associa¬ 
tion, Jared Van Wagenen, of Cornell, 
and Senator F. M. Godfrey, former mas¬ 
ter of the Grange of New York. It was 
a great day all through and traveling in 
this way from farm to farm these farmers 
had a chance to make comparisons and to 
make mental pictures of famous cows and 
famous farms framed up together in mem¬ 
ory for comparison. The excursion seems 
to have been an immense success, and it 
is only the beginning of many other trips 
which will be taken this Summer through 
New York State 
Before the days of the automobile such 
meetings, of course, were limited We well 
remember going to a .ruit meeting some 
20 years ago, where an excursion of this 
sort was attempted. It was a fearfully 
hot day, and the roads were dusty and 
bad. The horses gave out after two hours 
of travel and many of the company were 
obliged to walk back, as the managers had 
blocked out an ambitious program and 
the end came several miles from the start¬ 
ing point. The modern car, however, has 
changed that, the farm excursion will now 
become a leading feature in practical farm 
education. 
Dried Food Products. 
The miners in Alaska learned their 
food lessons after a good deal of work. 
There were long trips to be made over 
the hills and through the snow, and all 
food had to be carried into camp. The 
miners learned in this way to handle 
nothing but dried products, and to dry 
out as much of the water as possible. Of 
course, it wouM be folly for a man to 
carry canned peaches for a hundred miles 
either on his back or on a dog sledge, for 
the extra weight of water would add to 
the burden without adding to the food 
value, and so dried products take the 
place of the canned material. Much the 
same thing is true where campers go into 
the woods to hunt or fish. Tt is impossi¬ 
ble for them to carry bulky food. Tt must 
be dried as far as possible. We have been 
talking with some of these campers lately 
in regard to the way they prepare this 
food. It can be bought, of course ready 
made, but many of these men prefer to do 
the drying themseves. For instance, in 
the case of baked beans or peas, instead 
of carrying the canned beans, which are 
heavy with useless water, the baked arti¬ 
cle is thoroughly dried. The beans and 
peas are first baked in the ordinary way, 
and then spread out in a shallow dish 
and kept in the oven at a high heat until 
there is nothing left but a thin crisp. 
Practically all the water is baked out. of 
them, and there is only a thin, brown sub¬ 
stance left, so dry that it can be crushed 
or ground up into a coarse powder. This 
is used for making soup or gravies, which 
are quickly produced by adding this 
brown powder to water. 
A Chance for Excitement. 
It is not likely that many of our read¬ 
ers will want to move to North Borneo, 
yet people in need of excitement might 
find a large volume of it there. According 
to the report from Consul George M. Han¬ 
son of Sandakan, there may be 500,000 
people in this territory, but this is en¬ 
tirely a guess, as the greater part of the 
interior has never been explored. There 
are less than 400 white people. Within 
20 miles of Sandakan are natives who 
never saw a white man, and still use the 
spear and blow-pipe. These natives sel¬ 
dom if ever come out of their native jun¬ 
gle unless they go visiting on what is 
known as a head-hunting trip. The whole 
thing is a great game preserve. Prob¬ 
ably there is no other spot on the earth 
where so much game can be found. The 
elephant and rhinoceros are so plentiful 
that they become a nuisance. It is said 
that the telegraph line across the coun¬ 
try is out of commission a third of the 
time, as the elephants rub up against the 
posts and push them down. There are 
snakes 25 to 30 feet long, numerous croc¬ 
odiles, in fact almost everything in the 
way of game that will thrive in a hot 
country. About the only trade on the 
island is in jungle produce, which runs all 
the way from armadillo skins to birds’ 
nests. These birds’ nests are found in 
caves which run into the mountains. The 
nests are formed of a sort of gelatin or 
masticated food produced by a kind of 
swallow. These nests are in great de¬ 
mand by the Chinese, who consider this 
bird’s nest soup a delicacy, and consider¬ 
able money is apparently made at collect¬ 
ing these nests and shipping them to 
Hongkong. Rattan is another product 
brought in from the jungle and handled 
for sale. The work in the jungle is large¬ 
ly performed by Malays, who are very 
superstitious. If they start out for work- 
in the jungle, and a certain kind of a bird 
flies across the trail, no work can be done 
that day. If a snake is seen and not 
killed at once they must knock off imme¬ 
diately. If the cry of a certain bird is 
heard on the right of the trail no work 
must be done for two days, and there are 
many other warnings from nature which 
these lazy workmen heed. Tt may be that 
North Borneo belongs to that class of ter¬ 
ritory where every prospect pleases, and 
only man is vile, but we think there would 
be very few Americans who care to volun¬ 
teer to try to bring up this average of hu¬ 
manity. 
Wealthy Benefactress (stopping in 
at the hospital) : “Well, we’ll bring the 
car tomorrow and take some of your pa¬ 
tients for a drive. And, by the bye, nurse, 
you might pick out some with bandages 
that show—the last party might not have 
been wounded at all, as far as anybody 
in the streets could see.”—London Punch. 
N 
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cow spray. 
Sprayed on cows or horses 
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WHICH? 
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Remedy, or 
$150 for a 
new horse? 
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Colic is 
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A stimulant, not a dope. Does not stupefy or 
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Satisfaction or Money Hack 
Buy of your dealer or direct from 
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141 Winchester Street 
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The Nursery Book. Bailey. 1.50 
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THE RURAL NEW YORKER, 
333 WEST 30th ST., NEW YORK. 
