THE RURA.lv NEW-YORKER 
1009 
An Ohio Clover Huller. 
One of the best paying crops in North¬ 
ern Ohio is Red clover. In the picture, 
Fig. 3S0 is shown a clover hulled and 
crew. The day this picture was taken we 
hulled 50 bushels of clover seed, which we 
gathered from a 13-acre field. The clover 
was hauled from the field to the machine 
on two wagons; five men were kept busy 
in the field loading the wagons. One in¬ 
teresting feature of the day was the pic¬ 
nic dinner which my sisters and a neigh¬ 
bor served to us under a big oak tree, 
near the huller. During the afternoon 
in it, and then nail right in the bed joint; 
it will hold better than the lath will. 
Fig. 381 is a solid block, but is only 
four inches thick, and it takes two of 
them to make a wall. An air space of 
two inches or more is allowed between 
them. These blocks are tied together 
with galvanized ties; these can be bought 
cheaply or can be made at home out of 
No. 9 wire, making an S loop on each 
end. Up to the present time I consider 
this construction the best that I have 
seen for house construction, as there is 
no possible way for the moisture to travel 
m i imm zm 
' _ 
An Ohio Clover Huller. Fig. 380. 
Jerry Carr, the engineer’s son, managed 
to upset a whole bucket of lemonade 
which the girls had left in the shade for 
the men to drink. This so aroused his 
father’s wrath that poor Jerry was not 
allowed any watermelon for supper, but 
the boy got even by swiping a whole 
melon from the ice box when no one was 
watching. 
Rut to return to my subject, the clover 
seed was sold at $10 per bushel, netting 
$500 from 13 acres, besides 18 tons of 
clover hay, which we had previously cut 
from the same field. o. a. v. 
Upper Sandusky, Ohio. 
Building Concrete-block Houses. 
I have built several concrete houses, 
and so far there is no complaint about 
dampness. The first two were built of 
Solid Block with Ties. Fig. 381. 
what are known as a double air-space 
block; that is, there are two rows of 
holes in it, so that a line drawn through 
the block is bound to strike an air space. 
When these blocks are properly made 
24" 
5 
C 
\3pace_J 
CUD 
J CD 
s 
v P/aster 
Block with Double Air Spaces. Fig. 382. 
there is no need of lathing the inside, but 
the plaster is applied directly to the block. 
Fig. 3S3 block is the most common, and 
a machine for making them can be pur¬ 
chased quite cheaply. It will be noticed 
that there are two holes in it, but there 
: <?<?* 
Ayr 
5pace 
ft 
a 
y P/aster ^TVood atrip .Lath 
The most common Block. Fig. 383. 
is a solid piece of concrete from inside to 
outside, hence these blocks must have 
strips nailed on the walls up and down. 
On these strips the lath are put on the 
same as on an ordinary frame house. 
Some builders use a plaster lath laid 
in the joints between the blocks to nail 
the strip to, but I find the best way to do 
is to use good mortar with some cement 
across these wires; also the outside of the 
house can be made of concrete and where 
common building bricks can be bought 
these can be used inside instead of the 
concrete blocks, although with free sand 
and gravel the bricks would have to be 
very cheap to make it an advantage to 
use them. 
As to a house drawing moisture, that 
is usually the complaint of the car¬ 
penters, as a man building a concrete 
house puts one more job out of their 
reach. Not only is the concrete block 
house when well built better and as dry 
as wood, but the upkeep for repairs and 
paint is not one-tenth of a frame house. 
As to the cost I believe that a well-con¬ 
structed concrete house is cheaper to 
build than an equally well-constructed 
frame house, unless the owner lives 
where he can get lumber very cheap. As 
to which would be better I am inclined 
to think that the poured concrete would 
be the best, but T believe that the forms 
for pouring the concrete would be rather 
expensive, and unless he had further use 
for them it would not pay to buy them 
for one house, while a machine to make 
a block like No. 2 or No. 3 can be secured 
quite cheaply, and could be disposed of 
more readily after using it. The propor¬ 
tions depend somewhat on how good the 
gravel and sand are, and how much stone 
there is in the gravel. 
For the foundation use the gravel and 
make the forms out of the joists and 
frame stuff, or get some rough sheathing. 
This concrete should be mixed one part 
cement to five parts gravel, if the gravel 
is sandy with stone in it; if it is a little 
loamy then drop out one part gravel, 
making it one to four. If this does not 
make good concrete it should not be used. 
Mix dry thoroughly, then add water 
enough so it is all thoroughly wet. In 
making the blocks make a facing mixture 
of half and half, using sand for the same. 
If your gravel is good and gritty the 
body of the block can be made one to 
five; if not use the sand, making it one 
to five, that is if the sand is coarse and 
gritty; if not drop one part of sand, mak¬ 
ing it one to four. There is no trouble 
about making the joints on the solid con¬ 
crete after it dries if care is taken to 
leave the surface rough ; that is, take a 
stick and punch holes in it, or roughen 
it by scraping a board along on it end¬ 
ways. The wooden forms are not practi¬ 
cal for blocks. A machine can be ob¬ 
tained very cheaply now, and the manu¬ 
facturer will tell you how much wall a 
bag of cement will make, as this is gov¬ 
erned by the quality of sand and gravel. 
It would be best to buy a machine using 
wooden pallets, as these can be secured 
more cheaply than the iron ones, although 
with iron pallets there will not be any 
loss of blocks from the warping of the 
pallets as there is when wood pallets are 
used, but with proper care in using the 
wood pallets there need not be much loss 
in this manner. w. A. b. 
New r Jersey. 
When you write advertisers mention 
The It. N'.-V. ami you'll get a quick 
repiy and a "square deal.” See guaran¬ 
tee editorial page. : : : : 
Extent of Rain Water from Roof. 
I have a barn 00x17, and would like to 
know what number of gallons of water I 
can count upon catching from rainfall on 
this roof, covering a period of one year. 
How much in Winter and how much in 
Summer months? It is located in Bucks 
County, Pennsylvania. m. w. 
The amount of water that a roof would 
deliver to a storage tans may be approx¬ 
imately estimated by multiplying the area 
of the base of the roof, in square inches, 
by the depth of the annual rainfall and 
dividing the result by 231, the number of 
cubic inches in a gallon. The shape of 
the room may be disregarded, though 
there is an unestimable loss through ab¬ 
sorption by shingles, evaporation, and the 
action of the wind in blowing rain and 
snow from the roof before they reach the 
eave troughs. The direction of the wind 
and its velocity also affect the amount of 
water falling upon a roof and the side 
facing the prevailing winds will receive a 
greater amount than the opposite side. 
The office of the U. S. Weather Bureau 
at Binghamton, N. Y., gives me the fol¬ 
lowing figures showing the annual rain¬ 
fall in Southern New York, which 
amount is probably not far from that of 
your own locality: January, 1.9S; Feb¬ 
ruary, 1.90; March, 2.04; April, 2.25; 
May, 3.09; June, 3.59; July, 3.54; Au¬ 
gust, 3.35; September, 2.77; October, 
3.12; November, 2.27; December, 2.44. 
This is the average for a 33-year period 
at the Binghamton Station, the average 
annual precipitation being 32.94 inches. 
The average precipitation at Ithaca, N. 
Y., for the same period, was 34.28 inches. 
The roof area, 00x17 feet, is an odd size 
for a barn, and I presume that you are 
thinking of the width of one slope of the 
roof; it is the base of the roof, equivalent 
to the ground area covered by the barn, 
that is to be considered, however. M. B. d. 
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BOSTON, U.S.A. 
SILK 50c. 
LISLE 25c. 
Slings or Harpoon Forks. 
I should like to know the advantages 
and disadvantages of slings over double 
harpoon forks, and if the slings can also 
be used for mowing beans and bundles of 
oats, wheat, etc. Everybody speaks in 
favor of them, but very very few have 
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Ransomville, N. Y. 
R. N.-Y.—Why is it that few have 
them, while all praise them? An answer 
to that would tell us the whole story. 
Presses 
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A HOUSE? A BARN? A GRANARY? 
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learn how little it will cost you to provide for your building needs. 
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Ask for prices on Southern Yellow Pine , the best wood that grows 
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TABLE OF LUMBER TESTS 
