1 100 
THE RURAt NEW-YORKER 
September 4, 1915, 
Silage and Forage 
Turnip Tops in Silage. 
Can you give me any information in 
regard to turnip tops in silage? I planted 
Cow-horn turnips in corn, and tops are 
so high that if I cut with machine, I shall 
get a good many tops. Will it hurt silage 
to feed to milch cows? it. n. 
We would not do it The turnip tops 
with the corn will be quite sure to gi\e 
a bad taste to the silage and will affect 
the milk. The turnips would be all right 
for beef cattle or sheep, but we should 
not feed them to milch cows. 
Curing Pea Hay. 
IIow can I keep pea hay without let¬ 
ting it stay in field so long? I was 
thinking of arranging a place, and have 
poles in barn, every three feet put poles 
across layer of peas, and then another 
layer of poles. What do you think of 
my plan? G. w. s. 
Virginia. 
I have written many times my method 
for saving peavine bay, and will repeat it 
here. I have made hay from cow peas 
for SO or more years, and never had any 
moldy hay, but I have heard from some 
who thought that they followed the same 
method and had moldy hay, while others 
write that it was all right. Evidently 
some did not use common sense in judg¬ 
ing the condition of their crop. The 
method is essentially the same used for 
curing clover hay or other legume hay; 
that is, to cure it with as little exposure 
to the sun as practicable. I start the 
mowers in the morning as soon as most 
of the dew is off. and mow till noon. I 
start the tedder immediately after the 
mowers, and keep the hay tossed up all 
the morning to hasten the wilting. That 
afternoon, rake it into windrows. The 
next morning turn the windrows with the 
rake while more is being mown. That 
afternoon cock the hay into cocks as 
narrow and tall as will stand well. Then 
when you can take a bunch of the hay 
and twist it hard and can wring no sail 
to the twist, haul the hay into the barn 
while still limp so that the leaves will 
be saved. When in the barn let it severely 
alone. If it heats, let it heat, but dc 
not stir it, for you will let in germs 
of mold if you do. Simply let it settle 
with its own weight, and do not tramp 
it in the mow, for if packed too tight 
you may have silage in the middle. It 
will be all right, but you would better 
have hay all the way through. I have 
known all sorts of contrivances used to 
spoil the hay and get it so dry that the 
leaves are lost, and these are the best 
of the hay. I once sent some of my hay 
to the editor of the ‘•Southern Planter” 
in Richmond, an Englishman. He said 
that it was the prettiest hay he had 
seen in this country and looked more like 
English hay than American. Your plan 
would simply be to dry the hay out till 
the leaves are crisp, and they would be 
W. F. MASSEY. 
A Talk About Sweet Clover. 
I have three acres of poor land, dry 
and stonv, and covered with dewberry 
\ ines. Can I raise Sweet clover on it 
for pasture without manure, lime or 
phosphate? Will you give me all the in¬ 
formation you can on Sweet clover for 
Buck Co. soil. w. w. F. 
Bucks Co., Pa. 
Sweet clover will grow on any land 
except water-logged, that is covered with 
water perhaps a third of the time, and 
yet it will stand "wet feet” better than 
any other legume. I have always ad¬ 
vised disking instead of plowing in pre¬ 
paration for Sweet clover, but in this 
case if very stony, very shallow plowing 
would be the right thing. This should 
be done late this Fall so that no vegeta¬ 
tion will sprout before frost. After 
plowing harrow thoroughly a number of 
times, and roll with a heavy roller as 
Sweet clover must have a hard seed bed, 
and will not do well on a loose soil. In 
January or February on a quiet day sow 
25 pounds per acre of unhulled seed (half 
each way) on the snow. The hull helps 
to hold the moisture and up to June 1, 
plenty of moisture is very essential to 
good results. By that time the tap-root 
goes so far down that it will stand any 
weather. You can grow Sweet clover 
without manure, lime or phosphate and 
have a good crop. Of course the growth 
would be greater with either or all of 
these “helps.” but it will grow without 
either. If intended for pasture do not 
turn stock into it the first year until the 
clover is at least six inches high. Then 
have stock enough in it to keep it down 
to four inches. In this way you will 
always have good tender succulent for¬ 
age. Hogs must be "ringed” or they will 
tear up the roots. The slightly bitter 
taste in Sweet clover will prevent bloat¬ 
ing of stock so common with Alfalfa and 
Red clover. Stock prefer it to any other 
forage after they get used to it. and are 
always fat. sleek and healthy on Sweet 
clover pasture. Why not give them what 
they prefer as long as results are bet¬ 
ter? After you try this three acres you 
will want your whole farm in Sweet 
clover. This is what I have done, and I 
shall never regret it. Nothing else will 
enrich your land as rapidly as Sweet 
clover. A. BLOOMING DALE. 
Schenectady Co., N. Y. 
Alfalfa Silage. 
Can you give me some information in 
regard to a silo for Alfalfa and how it 
should be built and how the Alfalfa 
should be put into it? A. T. G. 
< Iriskany Falls N. Y. 
A silo for Alfalfa would be built like 
any other silo—strong and airtight. We 
would not advise putting Alfalfa in a silo 
but would cure it and feed dry. At one 
time there was considerable advice about 
using clover. Alfalfa and beans green as 
silage. Experience seems to have shown 
that these legumes are more profitable for 
dry feeding. 
Use the Corn Alone. 
People still ask if it pays to put other 
products than corn into the silo. Some¬ 
how the theory of what is known as suc¬ 
cotash appeals to many farmers. They 
seem to think they can put Soy beans, 
sunflowers and other things in with the 
corn and improve the mixture. Our gen¬ 
eral advice is not to do it but to fill the 
silo with corn alone and feed these other 
materials dried as hay. We think that 
on the whole this will prove more satis¬ 
factory than the mixture in the silo. Com¬ 
parisons are often made between silage 
and roots, like carrots or mangels. The 
latter are considered better than silage, 
for the reason that they are sweet, while 
frequently silage is quite sour. The roots 
are greatly relished by cattle, and a few 
of them fed now and then as a substitute 
for the silage will prove very profitable. 
It is said that most of the cattlemen who 
feed their cows for great yields of milk 
or butter have become convinced that 
roots of some sort are necessary in order 
to induce the cow to give her heaviest 
yield. In one case reported to us, a 
quantity of mangels were put right into 
the silo along with the corn. These man¬ 
gels were thrown right into the cutter 
with (he corn, and were torn into a thick 
pulp and blown up into the silo and thor¬ 
oughly shredded. They apparently gave 
good results in this way. and made good 
silage, but we should prefer to feed them 
separately either crushed or cut as needed. 
Selling Silage at Retail. 
Every year at this time we get a num¬ 
ber of letters from people who ask if 
there is a sale for corn silage. Will it 
pay to put up a silo as a commercial prop¬ 
osition? We have a good many records 
of cases where silage has been sold in 
dairy sections. Sometimes in cases of fire 
the contents of a brick or concrete silo 
will be sold at auction. In other cases, 
owing to the death or failure of a farm 
owner, the silage will be sold along with 
the hay. Generally in such cases the 
purchaser figures on paying not far from 
one-third the barn value of hay; that is, 
if hay was figured at $15 in the mow, 
silage of good quality would be figured 
at $5. It depends a good deal in this re¬ 
gard as to ho far the silage would have 
to be hauled for feeding. At many of the 
canning factories the husks and cobs from 
sweet corn, and the pea vines, are run 
into big silos and sold to farmers during 
the Winter. In some localities farmers 
have handled silage in bags, as this seems 
to be the best way to sell it at retail. In 
these cases the silage is opened early in De¬ 
cember and forked into grain sacks, about 
100 pounds to the sack. This seems to 
be the best way to handle it and it is de¬ 
livered in quantities to suit. It is gen¬ 
erally sold to people who keep a family 
cow, or to dairymen with small herds of 
cattle, and in some Eastern localities 
where green food is scarce, and where 
herds are small, this business of selling 
silage has proved quite profitable. 
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