THE RURAI> NEW-YORKER 
CONTENTS 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER, Sept. 11, 1915. 
FARM TOPICS. 
Wheat Growing- on the Small Farm in New 
York. Part 1.1106 
A Day’s Work in a Maine Hayfield.1106 
Good Wheat Yield .1108 
Turning Under Buckwheat ..1108 
Saltpeter and Nitrate of Soda.1108 
A Talk on Potato Sorters.1109 
Hope Farm Notes .1112 
City Manure . 1112 
Horseradish Culture .1113 
Fire Danger From Com Smut.1115 
Crops and Farm News .1124 
The Maine Potato Crop .1124 
Alfalfa for Bee Pasture ....1124 
Iron Fence Posts .1124 
DIVE STOCK AND DAIRY. 
A Well-Organized Milk Dairy.1105, 1106 
Canada in the Wool Business.1115 
When a Cow Bloats . 1120 
Constructive Breeding .1121 
Breeding Color Into Milk .1121 
Urinary Difficulty .1122 
Pining Cow .1122 
Scours .1122 
Proportion of Stock to Pasture.1124 
THE HENYARD. 
Egg Conditions in United States.1115 
Poultry in the Orchard . 1122 
The Egg-laying Contest .1125 
Laying and Broodiness .1125 
Respiratory Trouble .1125 
HORTICULTURE. 
Gift Apples by Parcel Post.1107 
The Wonders of Grafting .1107 
Head Lettuce for Early Spring.1113 
Grapes Do Not Fruit .1113 
Budding Cherry; Mildew on Roses.1113 
Cut-leaved Birch from Seed.1113 
Orchard Auction Sales .1115 
WOMAN AND HOME. 
From Day to Day . 
Seen in New York Shops . 
Embroidery Design . 
Canned Com .- 
Feather Cake . 
Pickled Artichokes . 
Tomato Catsup . 
Colorado Notes . 
Imperial Cake .'. 
The Rural Patterns . 
Chocolate Layer Cake . 
MISCELLANEOUS. 
1118 
1113 
1118 
1118 
1118 
1118 
1118 
1119 
1119 
1119 
1119 
Cement Sidewalks . 
Septic Tank . 
The Regeneration of Sarah 
Rights of Tenants . 
Line Fences . 
Publisher’s Desk . 
.1109 
.1109 
(Continued). .. .1111 
. 1111 
. 1111 
.1126 
Products, Prices and Trade. 
Wholesale Prices at New York. 
Week ending Sept. 3, 1915. 
(.Continued from page 1123) 
BICANS. 
Very little business noted. Marrow 
and White Kidney scarce. Red Kidney 
held too high for exporters. 
Marrow. 100 lbs.. 
Medium . 
.»««••• 
Red Kidney.. 
White Kidney . 
Yellow Eye. 
Lima, California 
7 50 
5 HO 
5 25 
5 70 
7 50 
4 70 
5 20 
@ 7 60 
@ 5 70 
@ 5 35 
@ 6 25 
@ 7 60 
@ 4 75 
@ 5 25 
FRESH FRUITS. 
Apple market is in better condition. 
Demand good for fruit showing suitable 
size and color. Most business on such 
grades of Pall varieties is between $2 
and $3. Pears are higher, fancy Bart¬ 
lett having sold up to $5 per barrel. 
Peaches are in ample supply, though 
prices have ranged a trifle above last 
week. Plums selling well when of de¬ 
sirable quality, standard carriers having 
brought 75 cents, bushel baskets $1, and 
20-pound baskets, 40 cents. Grapes very 
dull. 
A pples—Duchess, bbl. 175 @2 25 
N. W. Greening, bbl. 2 25 @ 3 25 
Alexander, bbl. 1 50 @3 00 
Gravensteln. 2 00 @3 00 
Blush . 1 50 @ 2 50 
Wealthy. 2 00 @ 3 00 
Fall Pippin. 1 50 @3 00 
Culls, bbl. 50 @ 1 25 
Raspberries, red. pint. 3 @ 7 
Grapes, 181b case. 50 @ 75 
41b. bkt. 8 0 10 
Blackberries, qr. 5 @ 10 
Huckleberries, or. 4 ® 10 
Nova Scotia, qt .. 10 @ 15 
Plums, carrier .. 60 @ 75 
201b bkt. 20 @ 40 
Pears— Bartlett, bbl. 3 00 @5 00 
Clapp bbl. 3 00 @ 4 50 
Le Conte, bbl. 100 @150 
Peaches, State, bkt. 20 @ 50 
State, carrier . 50 @ 1 25 
Jersey, bkt. 25 @ 45 
Up-river bkt. 25 @ 50 
Mo. and Ark., bu-bkt. 50 @ 1 00 
Muskmelons, bu . 40 @ 2 75 
Watermelons, carload . 60 00® 150 00 
Chicago, Apples, bbl., 1 25@2 50. 
St. Louis, 75@2 50 
Pittsburg. 1 50 a2 25. 
Cincinnati, 2 00@2 75. 
Buffalo. 2 00@350. 
Boston, 2 00@3 00. 
VEGETABLES. 
Potatoes have been in only moderate 
supply and selling in generally higher 
range, some up to 50 cents per bushel. 
The onion market, which was so long 
surplussed, has been cleared up, and 10 to 
15 per cent, price improvement noted on 
sound stock. String beans from up- 
State are 50 cents per bushel higher. 
Cabbage slightly improved. Lettuce and 
peppers very low. Green peas scarce, 
choice from Western N. Y., having 
brought $2 per bushel. Tomatoes in only 
moderate demand. 
Potatoes—Long Island, bbl. 1 25 @ 1 50 
Del. and Md. 1 00 @ 1 25 
Jersey . 75 @ 1 25 
Sweet Potatoes. Jersey, bu. 1 00 @ I 50 
Eastern Shore, bbl. 2 50 @3 25 
Beets, 100 bunches. 75 @ l 00 
Carrots. 100 bunches. 60 @ 1 00 
Cucumbers, bu. 50 @ 75 
Pickles, bbl. 1 00 @ 2 00 
Cabbage. 100 . 2 00 @ 3 00 
Lettuce, half-bbl. basket.... 20 @ 75 
Onions. Orange Co., bag . 50 @ 1 50 
Jersey, white, bu. 50 @ 1 60 
Long Island, bbl. 150 @2 00 
Peppers, bbl. 50 1 50 
Peas, bu. 50 @2 00 
String Beans, bu. 50 © 150 
Lima Beans, bu. 1 00 @ 1 50 
Celery, doz. 10 @ 35 
Okra, % bu. . 1 00 @ 2 00 
Turnips, white, bbl. 50 @ 1 00 
Catiliflowers, bbl. 50 @ 4 00 
Squash, bbl. 50 @ 75 
Sweet Corn, 100 . 50 @ 1 50 
Egg Plants, bu. 30 @ 50 
Tomatoes, 6-bkt. crate. 40 @ 60 
Jersey, bu. box. 25 @ 75 
Chicago. Potatoes, bbl., 1 20@1 75. 
Cincinnati. 1 25@1 50. 
Pittsburg. 1 20® I 60. 
Denver, l Ol)@l 15. 
Indianapolis, 1 40@1 75. 
HAY AND STRAW. 
Hay market in bad condition owing 
to large supplies and inferior quality, 
caused mainly by baling before it was 
properly cured. Prime rye straw is 
temporarily scarce. 
Hay. new, Timothy, No. 1. ton . 25 00 @25 50 
No. 2.24 00 @24 50 
No. 3.21 00 @22 60 
Clover mixed.21 00 @24 00 
Straw, Rye,.13 00 @15 00 
MILLFEED. 
Bran, car lots.22 50 @24 00 
Middlings.26 50 @32 00 
Red Dog .36 00 @37 00 
Cornmeal.33 00 @34 00 
GRAIN 
During the week wheat dropped nine 
cents below last report, but improved 
slightly at the close. In futures, Decem¬ 
ber wheat is running two to four cents 
lower. Corn two cents lower, owing to 
favorable crop outlook. Expoi’t sales of 
oats reported heavy. Rye four cents 
lower. 
Wheat. No. 1. Northern Spring, new.. 1 06 @ 
No. 2, Red, new . 112 @ 
Corn, as to quality, bush. 85 @ 86 
Flour, carlot6. at N. Y. bbl. 5 50 @ 6 85 
Oats, as to weight, bush. 48 @ 52 
Rye, free from onion. 96 @ 99 
RETAIL PRICES AT NEW YORK. 
These are not the highest or lowest 
figures noted here, but represent produce 
of good quality and the buying oppor¬ 
tunities of at least half of New York’s 
population. All fruits and vegetables 
continue very low. 
Eggs, fancy white, dor.. 35 @ 40 
Mixed colors, new laid. 30 @ 35 
Ordinary grades. 25 @ 28 
Rutter, fancy prints, lb.. 33 @ 34 
Tub, choice. 30 @ 32 
Chickens, roasting, lb. 28 @ 30 
Broilers, common to good, lb. 30 @ 33 
Squab Broilers, pair.1 00 @ 1 25 
Fricassee, lb. 18 @ 20 
Fowls . 20 @ 22 
Leg of lamb. 20 @ 22 
Lamb chops. 20 @ 22 
Roasting beef. 20 @ 24 
Pork chops . 18 @ 20 
Loin of pork . 17 @ 20 
Lettuce, head. 2 @ 3 
Radishes, bunch .. 2 © 3 
Cucumbers, each. 1 @ 5 
Sweet corn, doz. 18 @ 20 
Cabbage, head . 5 @ 8 
Muskmelons. each. 3 @ 6 
Potatoes, peek . 25 @ 30 
Peaches, 4 qts. 15 @ 20 
Tomatoes, qt. 3 @ 5 
In its first year of operation the Pan¬ 
ama Canal carried 1,317 vessels of 4,596, 
444 net tons, paying tolls of $5,216,- 
149.36. The movement east and west 
was nearly evenly divided, 656 going from 
Atlantic to Pacific and 661 the other 
way. 
Grain Notes by Experts. 
B. W. Snow says that thrashing re¬ 
turns to date show averages of 19 bush¬ 
els for Minnesota, 18 for North Dakota 
and 17 for South Dakota, which is main¬ 
tained by later results which will give 
a total for the three States of 291,000,- 
000 bushels. Quality is proving excep¬ 
tionally high. 
Le Count reports from Iowa that the 
frost of August 30 did hut little damage 
to corn. The crop needs about a month 
of warmth and sunshine. 
The Continental and Commercial 
Bank, of Chicago, makes the following 
estimate of our grain crop: Wheat, 1,- 
003,000,000 bushels; corn. 2,983,000,000; 
oats, 1,352,000,000; rye, 45,700,000; bar¬ 
ley, 224,000,000 ; hay, 7S,900,000 tons; 
cotton, 10,500,000 bales. 
Government Cotton Report. 
At the last of August the condition of 
the growing crop was 09.2 per cent, of 
normal, which is 6.1 below the July re¬ 
port. This is due mainly to drought. 
Percentages by States follow: California, 
93; Virginia, 85; Tennessee. 82; Mis¬ 
souri, 81; North Carolina, 76; Arkan¬ 
sas, 72; South Carolina and Oklahoma, 
71; Florida, 70; Georgia and Mississippi, 
69; Texas, 67; Alabama and Louisiana 
65. The estimated area this year is 31,- 
535.000 acres, or about 5,300,000 less 
than last year. Figuring on area and 
present condition the crop outlook is for 
11,800,000 bales. 
Buffalo Markets. 
Green corn is down to a cent an ear, re¬ 
tail, falling fast from the beginning of 30 
cents a dozen. The nuality is good. The 
local corn crop, though a trifle late is 
uniformly fine in appearance. Peaches 
are coming in fast and the price is low, 
good baskets retailing at 65 cents or low¬ 
er. Apples are in only fair supply and 
prices are higher. For fine Red Astrachans 
retailers ask $1.35 per bushel. The quota¬ 
tion for fancy is from $3.75 per barrel 
for red to $2.25 for green. Two-quart 
measures retail for 8 to 12 cents. Plums 
are fine and in moderate supply at 14 to 
15 cents for seven-pound basket home 
grown. Berries are no longer plenty. 
Blackberries and huckleberries are 8 to 
10 cents a quart, wholesale, or 10 cents 
up, retail. Melons continue firm at for¬ 
mer prices, 40 cents for large watermelons 
and $2 to $2.50 for fancy crates of can¬ 
taloupes. Pears are coming in ^strong, 
good Bartletts beii g 75 to $1.50 per 
bushel. There is no other sort offered in 
quantity. The quality is fine, though the 
local crop is not very large, many trees 
suffering from blight and other diseases. 
Potatoes are stronger, as the local crop 
looks bad from blight, helped on by the 
rains. Trices are 40 to 60 cents, whole¬ 
sale, for home grown, or $1.10 to $1.60 
per barrel. Onions are rather low at 40 
to 60 cents per bushel, home grown, or 
$1.25 to $1.40 for Spanish. Green onions 
are 8 to 12 cents per dozen bunches. In 
the vegetable market there is a great sup¬ 
ply. at low prices though there is com¬ 
plaint on the part of market gardeners of 
loss from rot on account of the rains. 
Green and wax beans are 50 to 65 cents 
per bushel; cabbage, $1 to $1.50 per 100; 
celery. 10 to 25 cents per bunch ; cucum¬ 
bers, 15 to 20 cents per dozen ; lettuce, 
30 to 35 cents per dozen ; radishes, 15 to 
18 cents per dozen; peppers, 75 to 90 
cents per barrel, tomatoes, 40 to 65 cents 
per half bushel; yellow turnips, $1 per 
barrel. 
Butter is in light demand at 28 cents 
for best down to 18 cents for poor. The 
retail price runs up to 31 cents, with 
oleo all the. way from 15 to 23 cents; 
cheese remains at 15% cents for fancy ; 
eggs are 30 cents for fresh white and 22 
cents for Western candled. The poultry 
market is strong at mostly former prices, 
15 to 19 cents for dressed turkey, 16 to 19 
cents for fowl, 22 to 23 for broilers, 17 
to 18 for ducks, all dry packed. 
J. w. C. 
“Do animals possess the sentiment of 
affection?” asked the teacher. “Yes, 
ma’am, almost always.” “Correct,” said 
the teacher. Turning to young Harold : 
“And now tell me what animal has the 
greatest natural fondness for man?” 
With but a slight pause the little fellow 
answered ; “Woman.”—Tit-Bits. 
ip* ft Corme FOR SALE—near Phila.anrl Trenton markets; 
luU rarms Eood railroad and trolley facilities. New cata¬ 
logue. Established 25 years. Horace G. Reeder, Newtown, Retina. 
ONONDAGA ALFALFA GROWERS’ 
ASSOCIATION, Inc. 
A purely co-operative farmers’ Association, the aim 
of which is to eliminate the broker, dealer and middle¬ 
man, and deliver all kinds of hay direct from the produ¬ 
cer to the consumer. 
Every member of our Association is a reputable far¬ 
mer. We offer our brother farmers the best we have, 
whether alfalfa, timothy, clover or mixed hay; we 
guarantee quality; we stand solidly behind our Associa¬ 
tion, and we propose to give every purchaser a square 
deal. 
Every pound of hay is officially inspected ami care¬ 
fully graded; we can fill all orders promptly, and we 
have ten thousand tons for sale. 
ONONDAGA ALFALFA GROWERS’ ASSOCIATION, Inc. 
No- 3 Coal Exchange Building Syracuse. N. Y. 
Subscribers Exchange 
POTJLTRYMAN (Tesires position as manager of 
plant; only A 1 proposition considered. BOX 
212, e. R. N.-Y. 
YOUNG MAN willing to work anff pay $2 week¬ 
ly towards board, for experience on poultry 
farm; could invest small money later. CARTER, 
321 W. 30th, N. Y. City. 
WOMAN wants a working partner for 27-acre 
garden and fruit farm within city limits. Rest 
references required. Address SCHOOL TEACH. 
ER, Box 203, care Rural New-Yorker. 
WELL-RRED young man. 20. experienced, wants 
position on farm. CHARLES MICHEL, 113 
W. 111th St., New York. 
MARRIED MAN wants position as caretaker on 
gentleman’s place; can do all farm work; 
sober and willing. BOX 205, care R. N.-Y. 
HERDSMAN wants position where good cattle 
are kept, where a man that has the ability 
can get results; A. R. O. work especially. Ad¬ 
dress A. C., P. O. 173, Mauahakin, N. J. 
WANTED—-Position as farm superintendent by 
married Englishman, 32, one child, life experi¬ 
ence in farming and all its branches in Eng¬ 
land and this country; references. BOX 213, 
care Rural New-Yorker. 
WANTED—Live tenant with full equipment to 
work on shares a 175-acre farm in Washing¬ 
ton County (Pa.). Good land and buildings, 
well watered. M. H. STEVENSON (Owner), 
417 Bakewell Building, Pittsburgh, Pa. 
OPEN FOR MANAGER’S POSITION, large farm 
or gentleman’s estate, thoroughly competent, 
practical, stock, etc. Best of reference from 
present employer. Married. Strictly temper¬ 
ate. Address BOX 211, Rural New-Yorker. 
WANTED—Neat, honest, Protestant housemaid 
to do washing, chamber work and waiting on 
table, two in family. Place in country, New 
York State, about hundred miles from New 
York City, running water and conveniences. 
BOX 210, care Rural New-Yorker. 
POSITION WANTED as herdsman or farmer, 
with lifelong experience in dairy farming in 
Holland and tills country; thoroughly understand 
the feeding and care for cattle, also all farm 
work; sanitary ndlk production, feeding for A. 
It. O., with training at the Agricultural college: 
wife willing to board help; wages expected. $60 
and fuel. Address BOX 214, care It. N.-Y. 
FARM MANAGER with experience, energy and 
executive ability to handle any proposition, is 
open for engagement. Thoroughly experienced 
orchardist and in all stock, crops, dairying and 
the management of a first-class farm or es¬ 
tate in every detail; am systematic, economical, 
married, strictly sober. BOX 207, care Rural 
New-Yorker. 
1127 
Subscribers’ Exchange 
Complying with several suggestions received 
recently, we open a department here to enable 
RURAL NEW-YORKER readers to supply each 
other’s wants. If you want to buy or sell or 
exchange, make it known here. This Rate will 
be 5 Cents a word, payable in advance. The 
name and address must be counted as part of 
the advertisement. Copy must reach us not 
later than Friday to appear in the following 
week. No display type used, and only Farm 
Products, Help and Positions Wanted admitted. 
For subscribers only. Dealers, jobbers and gen¬ 
eral manufacturers’ announcements not admitted 
here, Poultry, Eggs and other live stock adver¬ 
tisements will go under proper headings on other 
pages. Seed and Nursery advertisements will 
not bo accepted for this column. 
MILLER BEAN HARVESTER for sale, nearly 
,f 15 J also ° wons N °. 4 bean threteher. 
DE MAR, Snow Hill, Md. 
11 H. P. ENGINE, gasoline or kerosene; prac- 
ticaUy new; $200. BARRETT, Sheldon Rd., 
Fitchburg, Mass. 
FOR SALE—One 6 H. P. I. H. 0. asoline en¬ 
gine and saw; also one Gray Threshing ma¬ 
chine; all as good as new; $250. D. L. FISHER 
Maple View, N. Y. 
ims. salu—A ormotor windmill, galvanized iron 
t „ , P. K 00(1 condition, and at a reasonable price. 
JOHN LORTON LEE, Carmel, N. Y. 
FOR SALE—A Heebner patent level tread horse 
power with Heebner’s Penna. thresher and 
cleaner, A 1 condition; $100 complete, or will 
sell power separately for $25. F. O. B Calli- 
coon, N. Y. BOX 54, Hortonville, N. Y. 
FOR SALE—115-acre farm, excellent location; 
bargain. Owner. BRAZIE, Lynchburg, Va. 
122-ACRE Alfalfa Farm for sale. Central New 
York: well located; good buildings, $8,000. 
F. H. RIVENBURGH, Muunsville, N. Y. 
SALE OR TRADE 50 acres near Bound Brook, 
New Jersey, 30 acres in bearing peach, apples 
and small fruits. Good buildings. Poultry 
plant. T. W. AYRES (owner), Fort Tayne, 
Ala. 
FOR SALE—inland 1 Poultry Farm, 17% acres. 
Most complete and up-to-date plant in Amer¬ 
ica. Hall hot-water system throughout; 3,000 
S. C. W. Leghorns go with sale if desired: built 
in 1911. Cost $11,000. Will sacrifice owing to 
sickness. BOX 54, Poplar Ridge, N. Y. 
FRUIT, Poultry Farm at sacrifice; ill health 
cause; 600 fruit trees, two houses, telephone, 
silo, garage, macadam road, near city. AR¬ 
THUR L. STEVENS, Moscow, Pa., Owner. 
FARM FOR RENT—100 acres, twenty-five miles 
from Philadelphia; good buildings, well drain¬ 
ed. light soil. -Write J. G. MOUNT, Frnnklin- 
ville, N. J. 
FOR SALE—100 acres, near state road, near 
Buffalo. Address OWNER, Box 200, care 
Rural New-Yorker. 
WANTED—10-aere poultry farm equipped White 
Leghorn chickens, 60 to 90 miles from New 
York, near station. N. Y., N. J or Penn 
preferred. BOX 208, care R. N.-Y. 
FRUIT F'ARM FOR SALE—One of the best ap- 
pie propositions in New Jersey, 76 acres, all 
tillable, except 15 acres meadow and wood, 
about 20 acres set to apples (700 trees) over 300 
trees 18 years old, balance two and three years 
old, best marketable varieties. Paying invest¬ 
ment first year, see the orchard now. Address 
BOX 278, Dover, N. J. 
GROWING OLD; will sell my equity 400-acre 
farm Southwestern Oregon, $4,500 cash; bal¬ 
ance $9,300, four years 6 per cent.; conveniently 
located. Great snap for fruit and dairy farmer. 
FRED PARKER, Canyonville, Oregon. 
FOR SALE or exchange for small place, good 
80-aere farm, well located, rich limestone soil, 
one hour drive from Cornell University. Price, 
$4,500; equity, $2,300. BOX 10, route'30, New- 
field. New York. 
FOR SALE—-7-aere poultry farm; equipped; 
about 2,200 hens and chicks; mod'ern build¬ 
ings; near good markets; $4,500. BOX 206, 
care R. N.-Y. 
MY NICE 30-aere poultry farm must be sold 
this Fall; good market, bargain for somebody. 
SUNNY SIDE POULTRY FARM, Warwick, 
Mass. 
WANTED—To rent, a completely equipped A 
No. 1 farm by young man who wishes perma¬ 
nent home and to buy later on. BOX 202, care 
R. N.-Y. 
FOR SALE—Bargain, 50-acre farm, stock, tools 
and crops, 200 hens, 200 chicks. Inquire 
HARRY DOOLITTLE, Lockwood, N. Y. 
FOR SALE—400 acres, 4 miles from Syracuse; 
farm will rent for $3,000 cash per year. A. C. 
HIRZEL, E. Syracuse, N. Y. 
WANTED—Dairy or general farm to rent or 
work on percentage; can purchase stock; 
grown son, practical and college training; now 
herdsman commercial dairy. Address “HON¬ 
EST,” Box 197, care R. N.-Y. 
FARM FOR SALE—Steuben Co., N. Y., 106 
acres sacrificed’ for $31 an acre, good produc¬ 
tive, tillable soil, adapted to bay, grain, dairy¬ 
ing, beans, potatoes; good buildings, R. F. D. 
Telephone; near neighbors; 2% miles from rail^ 
road; photographs to prospectives; also crops, 
stock and tools for sale. ARCHIE LLOYD, 
Cameron Mills, N. Y. 
WANTED—By an American experienced in 
farming, stoek, poultry, etc., an opportunity 
to help make good with a man or woman who 
owns a farm and need's such an assistant. S., 
Box 351, Closter, N. J. 
DESIROUS of position as superintendent or 
foreman on gentleman’s farm; college educa¬ 
tion and best of references. Coraus P. O., Suf¬ 
folk Co., L. I. ED. V. LICHTNER. 
POULTRYMAN—Experienced, single, desires re¬ 
sponsible position, commercial or private. 
CHARXjES SCOTT, State Game Farm, Forked 
River, N. J. 
WANTED—Married working farmer for Colum¬ 
bia Co., N. Y., $40 per month and cottage with 
all conveniences furnished; permanent position 
if satisfactory. Give full particulars. BOX 204, 
care It. N.-Y. 
EXPERIENCED POULTRYMAN, single, wants 
position, private place. Understands all 
brandies. References in answer; state wages. 
BOX 198, care, R, N.-Y. 
WANTED—Manager to take entire charge of 
large poultry plant. Must have had business 
experience as well as thorough training in the 
management of poultry plants. Address with 
full particulars and references, BOX 201, Rural 
New-Yorker. 
