1148 
THE KURA U NBW-YORKEH 
September 18, 1915. 
Live Stock Feeding Problems 
Value of Sprouted Wheat. 
I use a lot of wheat for my chickens, 
and, owing to the wet weather, there is 
an abundance of sprouted wheat here. Is 
it as nourishing as whole wheat? V\ ill 
it give the same result? d. w. y. 
Michigan. 
The food value of this wheat would de¬ 
pend on how much it had sprouted and 
how free it was from decay, since food 
value is the amount built into or burned 
in the body of the amount digested, that 
is, it is a fraction of a fraction. Like an 
egg which has had 24 hours under a hen, 
its immediate decrease in value is slight, 
its future value depends on how it is 
kept, with the risk of decay always pres¬ 
ent. If you were asked the value of 
some partly incubated eggs, you would 
want to know how long they were warm, 
and what had been done with them since. 
The fertile egg and the grain of wheat 
both consist of an outer protective coat, 
a layer of meat-maker, (albumen, glu¬ 
ten), and a bunch of heat-maker, (yolk, 
starch), and a little group of cells which 
have “life,” that is, under proper con¬ 
ditions these cells will break down the 
meat-stuff and build it into a new in¬ 
dividual, getting energy, heat, from the 
heat-stuff until the new being can get 
food for itself. When we hard-boil an 
egg which has been incubated a day, we 
find, around the germ, a spot where the 
white is watery. The albumen has been 
destroyed by the life of the embryo; both 
the egg and the wheat begin to die the 
instant they begin to live. 
' The wheat which begins to sprout be¬ 
gins to change its gluten to other things, 
its starch to malt sugar. Just as a 
slightly incubated egg rots easily, so the 
new stuff formed in the wheat is the 
choice food of bacteria, mold, etc., and 
the products of germ life are apt to be 
useless or harmful. Fresh sprouted grain 
is of value in a mixed ration, but unless 
it .is well dried and kept wholly free 
from decay, especially mold, it is not 
likely to be good, by mid-Winter. At 
best it would then be worth less than 
sound wheat, since some of the gluten 
has been used. The question of its pres¬ 
ent value depends on the condition of the 
grains, its future value on how it keeps. 
Even a very little mold or decay will 
sicken hens, especially if they are not on 
free range. F. D. c. 
Proportion of Stock to Pasture. 
Under ordinary conditions how many 
cows can be pastured to the acre on 
clover and Timothy, or how many acres 
to the cow? I know this would vary a 
lot, but ask what is considered the aver¬ 
age estimate. c. F. p. 
Michigan. 
The difference in seasons, soils and 
condition of same vary so much there 
would be no way of knowing the number 
of acres required to pasture a cow. With 
us on fairly good Pennsylvania hill pas¬ 
ture in good grass we usually count we 
can keep a cow to every three acres of 
land, during the first part of the season, 
and count on half as much more for later 
feed after the meadows have been cut and 
fit to turn on ror Fall feed, or otherwise 
we depend on a full feed of some green 
crop after July 15 to August 1. , 
Pennsylvania. judson macafee. 
I have never confined my stock to a 
test on a small patch, having always 
more than one, but under my observation 
of others I have known one cow to pas¬ 
ture very well the season through on two 
acres by cutting something late and 
patching a little. If I were to confine 
to two acres or at that rate on ordinary 
pasture I would sow something early to 
patch out with, and begin to cut and feed 
with it as soon as July 15, or else feed 
a ration of grain such as w’heat bran 
and a little cottonseed meal or any good 
prepared feed. T. c. howe. 
Pennsylvania. 
When you speak of Timothy and clover 
for pasture, I suppose you mean Ited or 
Alsike clover as commonly grown for hay. 
Such a pasture as your inquirer suggests 
is not satisfactory. Timothy and Red 
or Alsike clover as usually seeded for hay 
does not make a satisfactory pasture. It 
would require a large acreage to supply 
sufficient feed throughout the season— 
three to six acres per cow, depending on 
soil fertility and season. Timothy and 
Red or Alsike clover are valuable pasture 
grasses, but should be supplemented with 
other small growing grasses and clovers 
in order to have the ground fully occu¬ 
pied throughout the season. If your in¬ 
quirer will look at any good meadow 
where a large crop of hay has recently 
been taken (Timothy and clover) he will 
observe that the ground looks quite bare. 
A good pasture should look like a well- 
kept lawn—every inch occupied by some 
variety of grass or clover. In order to 
get such a pasture a great variety of 
grasses and clovers must be sown. Most 
of the reliable seed houses put up pas¬ 
ture mixtures for high or low situations. 
I would suggest that he get in touch with 
one of them or write his nearest experi¬ 
ment. station. Here in Northern New 
York we use Timothy, Red-top, June 
grass—a variety of Blue grass—Red, Al¬ 
sike and White clover, lee w. servey. 
New York. 
Feeding Hogs. 
I have 16 shotes; would like you to bal¬ 
ance a ration for growing them best. I 
have to buy all grain. Prices as follows: 
Wheat shorts, $1.75; meal, $1.70; bran, 
$1.25; cottonseed meal. $1.70; tankage, 
$2.75. At what age and size is it best to 
sell hogs to make the most off them? 
Western New York. h. l. s. 
I would recommend the following in¬ 
gredients as a suitable ration for feeding 
shotes it being assumed that they now 
weigh about 50 pounds each: Wheat 
shorts, 100 pounds; cornmeal, 200 
pounds; tankage, 25 pounds; black strap 
molasses, 40 pounds; bone meal, five 
pounds. I would mix these in the form 
of a thick slop and feed it in such 
quantities as the pigs will clean up with 
relish twice daily. Under conditions that 
prevail in the East it would seem most 
profitable if you would market these hogs 
as soon as they weigh 225 pounds, live 
weight, as this is the most economical 
age and weight to dispose of them. Since 
it costs quite as much to put on the third 
100 pounds as it does to put on the first 
200 pounds, it is economical, both as far 
as price and gain are concerned, to mar¬ 
ket the animals when they reach this 
stage of maturity. Corn with 10 per 
cent, of tankage will prove sufficient after 
the pigs weigh 150 pounds. Molasses 
would cheapen this ration. F c. M. 
Rations for Growing Pig. 
I have seen a number of rations for 
growing pigs but they all call for tank¬ 
age or brewers’ grains, which we cannot 
get here. I can get corn, oats and mid¬ 
dlings, bran, bone meal, linseed meal and 
gluten. What would be the best mixture 
and what proportions for growing pigs? 
Maine. s. e. N. 
The following combinations of ground 
grains are recommended by the Experi¬ 
ment Station at Madison, Wis., as well 
suited for the development of young pigs, 
and these grains are obtainable almost 
anywhere: 32 pounds each of cornmeal, 
wheat middlings and ground oats, to 
which four pound* of oil meal are added. 
Or. 47 pounds each of cornmeal and 
wheat middlings ,to which six pounds of 
oil meal are added. Or, 32 pounds each 
of ground barley, wheat middlings and 
ground oats, to which four pounds of oil 
meal are added. Any one of these ra¬ 
tions should be suited to your purpose. 
M. b. d. 
There are several things to be taken 
into consideration. Some of them are 
fertility of the land, whether or not the 
land is adapted to the growth of grass 
and clover, weather conditions, size of 
cows and perhaps we should add whether 
the land has a good seedinv of grass and 
clover and an absence of weeds. Prob¬ 
ably an average would be between one 
and two acres per cow. 
New York. iiarold f. hubbs. 
Worms in Horse. 
Some time ago I read in a farm paper 
that a tablespoonful of powdered borax 
in feed or w r ater for three days, stop 
three days and then give three more 
days, will rid a horse of all worms. 
Please advise if this is true and if it is 
harmful to the horse. h. a. w. 
Michigan. 
Borax is accounted one of the para¬ 
siticides, but is a feeble one and not com¬ 
monly used. Dried sulphate of iron 
(copperas) is the favorite worm destroy¬ 
er, the dose being one dram night and 
morning in feed for one week, then skip 
ten days and repeat. It is usual to com¬ 
bine it with equal quantities of salt and 
sulphur. It is not a safe medicine for 
pregnant mares. We have not tried bor¬ 
ax in practice and it may be more ef¬ 
fective than we suppose and certainly 
would be harmless to the horse. A. s. A. 
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